特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

。-可編輯修改-特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)王海燕1.在“have/see/find/watch/hear/feel/make/leave+n.+done”結(jié)構(gòu)中done表被動(dòng)含義。TheTVthatI__________________________brokedownagain.(repair)我上周請(qǐng)人修好的電視又壞了。Heraisedhisvoicesothathecould____________________________.(make)他提高嗓門以便能被別人聽見。=1\*GB3①當(dāng)“feel,look,smell,taste,sound,appear,keep,stay...+adj”時(shí),主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義；=2\*GB3②當(dāng)cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等動(dòng)詞后接副詞（如well,easily,slowly,quickly等），且主語是物時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義，用來修飾主語的性質(zhì)特征。Thecrisissaidthathisnewnovel________________________.（sell）那個(gè)批評(píng)家說他的新小說不會(huì)暢銷。Whathesaid_____________________.(sound)他說的話聽起來是真的。Thepen___________________.(write)這支筆很好寫。Thiskindofcloth______________________.(wash)這種布料很好洗。當(dāng)can’t或won’t與close,open,read,shut,lock等連用表示主語的性質(zhì)特征時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Thewindow________________.(shut)這窗戶關(guān)不上。Thedoor_______________.(open)門打不開。want,require,need,beworth,deserve等詞以物作主語時(shí)，這些詞后常用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。Thehouseneeds______________________.(clean)這個(gè)房子需要打掃。Thebookisworth_________________________.(read)=Thebookisworthy___________________________.這本書值得一讀。Whoeverbreaksthelaw____________________.(deserve)任何違法的人都應(yīng)受到懲罰。當(dāng)breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、關(guān)閉、結(jié)果表明”等意思時(shí)表主動(dòng).(凡是表示“發(fā)生”的動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài))Theplan__________________successfully.(work)計(jì)劃很切實(shí)可行.Anearthquake_____________________inTangshanin1976.(take)1976年唐山發(fā)生地震.不定式的主動(dòng)形式可以表被動(dòng)，常用于下列情形：（1）不定式作定語，且和被修飾的名詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又和另一名詞或代詞有主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義：Shehasababy_______________________.(look)她有一個(gè)嬰兒要照顧。Pleaselendmeapen_______________________.(write)請(qǐng)借我一支筆寫字。Doyouhaveanything________________?(post)你有什么要寄的嗎？（指自己去寄）Doyouhaveanything________________?(post)你有什么要（我）去寄的嗎？（指讓別人去寄）在句式“sb/sth+is+adj+todo”中，多用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。這類常見的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,impossible等。Thechairishard_______________________.(sit)這個(gè)凳子坐上去很舒服。Thequestioniseasy_____________________.（answer）這個(gè)問題很容易回答。Thegirlisn’teasy__________________________.(get)這個(gè)女孩不好相處。

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____________________.(work)這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)題很難解答出來。(3)“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓補(bǔ)表將來時(shí)一般都用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Withsomuchwork_______________,Marycan’tbutstayathome.(do)因?yàn)橛泻芏喙ぷ饕觯旣愔坏么粼诩依?。Withsomanyproblems________________,Ican’tgotothecinemawithyoutonight.(settle)有這么多問題要解決，我今晚不能陪你去看電影了。(4)在too,enough等詞后面的不定式，當(dāng)句子主語是邏輯賓語時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。Youwillfindhercoffeeistoobitter_______________________.(drink)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)她的咖啡太苦了不能喝。(5)在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語后的不定式可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：Therearesomeproblems_____________________.(solve)有一些問題要解決。Thereisnothing______________________.(worry)沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。7.在某些固定詞組和句型中，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：prove,turnout(tobe),consistof,belongto,betoblame,betolet（出租）等。Thetheoryheusedtostickto______________________now.(prove)他過去堅(jiān)持的理論現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被證明是錯(cuò)誤的。Itwasthecomputerthatbrokedownhalfwaythat__________________________forthelossofthefiles.(blame)是中途出故障的電腦該為文件的丟失負(fù)責(zé)任。Thehouseis_____________.(let)此屋出租。8.表示“開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動(dòng)”意義的動(dòng)詞（如begin,start,finish,end等），多用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：Thefilm_________________________whenIgottothetheater.(begin)當(dāng)我到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候，電影已經(jīng)開始了。Themeeting______________________warmapplause.(end)會(huì)議以熱烈的掌聲結(jié)束。有些特殊短語也表被動(dòng)意義,如：“beyondbelief/compare/expression/doubt”;inuse/sight/store”;underconstruction/discussion/repair/attack/arrest”;“onsale/show”等。Thechildrenwere_______________________.(control)孩子們沒法控制了。Therumoris_________________________.(beyond)謠言難以置信。Whenwaspapermoney______________inChina?(use)紙幣在中國(guó)什么時(shí)候開始使用的？Everyarticleonviewwillbe__________________.(sale)每件展品都將出售。Yourproposalis_________________________.(consideration)你的提議正在考慮中。特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)答案hadhadrepairedlastweek;makehimselfheardwouldn’tsellwell;soundstrue;writeswell;washeswellwon’tshut;won’topencleaning/tobecleaned;reading;toberead/ofbeingread;deservestobepunishedworksout;tookplace(1)tolookafter;towritewith;topost;tobeposted(2)tositon;toanswer;togetalongwith;toworkout(3)todo;tosettle(4)tod