圣誕節(jié)的英文簡介

日，慶祝耶穌基督誕生。christmasisachristianholidaythatcelebratesthebirthofjesuschrist英文圣誕一詞源于古英語，意思是基督的彌撒，或基督的節(jié)日。thewordchristmascomesfromcristesmaesse,anearlyenglishphrasethatmeansmassorfestivalofchrist至于頻繁使用的圣誕節(jié)的簡寫形式“xmas，學(xué)者們認(rèn)為也許是始于13世紀(jì)。scholarsbelievethefrequentlyusedshortenedformofchristmas－xmas－mayhavecomeintouseinthe13thcentury.在希臘語里，“x是“基督”的首字母，同時(shí)“x也象征耶穌受難的十字架。ingreekxisthefirstletterofchristsname,andalsorepresentsthecrossonwhichwas4世紀(jì)，羅馬天主教會(huì)將耶穌的誕辰定1225日。inthe4thcenturytheromancatholicchurchchosedecember25asthedayforthefeastofthenativity圣誕節(jié)便是于十二月二十五日紀(jì)念耶蘇的誕生，andthat,christmasisthefeastofthenativityofjesusison25thdecembereveryyear.但真實(shí)的誕生日就沒有人知道了。butnobodyknowtheactualbirthdayofjesus.教會(huì)將12月25日定為基督教節(jié)日是為了給當(dāng)時(shí)異教的冬至慶?；顒?dòng)注入基督教的含義。thechurchchosedecember25forachristianholydayinthehopeofgivingchristianmeaningtoexistingpagancelebrationsofthewintersolstice。結(jié)果，很多異教習(xí)俗逐漸融入圣誕節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)。asaresult,manypagancustomsgraduallybecamepartofthechristmascelebration.到了12世紀(jì)，圣誕節(jié)已成為歐洲最重要的宗教節(jié)日。bythe12thcentury,christmashadbecomethemostimportantreligiousfestivalineurope.19世紀(jì)，兩個(gè)圣誕節(jié)習(xí)俗，即裝飾圣誕樹和向親友贈(zèng)送圣誕卡，變得流行起來。inthe19thcentury,twochristmascustomsbecamepopular－decoratingchristmastreesandsendingchristmascardstorelativesandfriends.許多著名的圣誕頌歌也是在這一時(shí)期創(chuàng)作的。manywell-knownchristmascarolswerecomposedduringthisperiod.對(duì)于大多數(shù)過圣誕節(jié)的人來說，這個(gè)節(jié)日是家庭、朋友聚會(huì)的日子，享用美酒佳肴的日子，互贈(zèng)禮物的日子。formostpeoplewhocelebratechristmas,theholidayseasonisanoccasionforgatheringsoffamilyandfriends,feasting,andgivinggifts.圣誕節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)對(duì)許多工商企業(yè)也變得日益重要了。thecelebrationofchristmasbecameincreasinglyimportanttomanykinds圣誕節(jié)的重要傳統(tǒng)之一是接受圣誕老人贈(zèng)送的禮物。oneofthemostimportantchristmastraditionsisreceivinggiftsfromsantaclaus.許多小孩子相信自己在圣誕節(jié)收到的禮物來自圣誕老人。圣誕老人是個(gè)快活的胖老頭兒，長著白胡子，身穿紅袍，頭戴紅帽。到各家，從煙囪進(jìn)入屋內(nèi)，留下禮物。manyyoungbelievethatthepresentstheyreceiveatchristmasaregivenbysantaclaus,whoisajolly,white-beardedfatmaninaredsuitandredhat.accordingtothestory,santaclaustravelsthroughtheairfromsomewherenearthenorthpoleinasleddrawnbyreindeer（馴鹿）andcomesdownthechimneytoleavethepresents.現(xiàn)在，許多國家，包括美國、加拿大、英國和澳大利亞都有圣誕老人把節(jié)日禮物送給孩子們。today,santaclausbringspresentstochildreninmanycountries,includingtheunitedstatescanadagreatbritainandaustralia許多商店雇人裝扮成圣manydepartmentstoreshirepeopletowearasantaclauscostumeandlistentochildrensrequests在英國，圣誕老人也“fatherchristmas”ingreatbritainsantaclausisalsofatherchristmas.圣誕節(jié)前幾周，孩子們就開始寫信給誕老人，告訴他自己想要什么禮物。duringtheweeksbeforechristmas,childrenwriteletterstofatherchristmasandtellhimwhatpresentstheywouldliketoreceive.然后他們把信扔進(jìn)壁爐的火里。theythenthrowtheselettersintothefire.他們相信如果上升的氣流把灰燼順煙囪帶了上去，他們的愿望便會(huì)得到滿足childrenbelievethatifadraftdrawstheletterupthroughthechimney,theirwisheswillbefulfilled.等。atraditionalchristmasdinnerinamericaincludesstuffedturkey（火雞）,mashedpotatoes,cranberrysauce（越橘醬）andavarietyofotherdishes.烤火雞不但在美國，在加拿大、澳大利亞和新西蘭也是圣誕宴席上最普遍的主菜。roastturkeyisthemostpopularmaincoursenotonlyintheunitedstates,butalsoincanada,australia,andnewzealand.也有的人家不吃火雞，而吃火腿或烤鵝。somefamilieshavehamorroastgooseinsteadofturkey.人們最喜歡的飯后甜點(diǎn)包括甜餡餅或南瓜餡餅、李子布丁和水果蛋糕。favoritedessertsincludemincepieorpumpkinpie,plumpuddingandfruitcake.蛋奶酒是許多家庭喜歡的飲料。eggnogisapopularchristmasbeverage（飲料）inmanyhomes.在英國，圣誕宴在中午舉行，傳統(tǒng)食品有烤火雞或烤鵝、圣誕布丁、甜餡餅和葡萄酒。inbritain,christmasdinneriseatenatnoon,andthedinnerusuallyincludesroastturkeyorgoose,christmaspuddingwithmincepies,andaccompaniedbywine.fromitsmodestbeginnings,christmashasevolvedintothebiggestcelebrationintheworld.nowpleasecontactwetranshesitation!從開始到現(xiàn)在，圣誕節(jié)已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為世界上最大的慶祝是不是該好好了解哈勒，那就隨trans來看 據(jù)說認(rèn)真學(xué)東的人最美firstthewordfeastpreparedforyoudrunkennessn.沉醉；酩酊feast盛宴；宴會(huì)；節(jié)期；使人歡快的事物（或活動(dòng)）ascendv.上升；升高；登高dauntingv使氣餒commissionn傭金；回扣;委員會(huì)v.正式委托（譜寫或制作、創(chuàng)作）；任命…為軍官mistletoen槲寄生（結(jié)白色小漿果，寄生于其他樹木，常用于圣reconciliationreconciliationn.和解；協(xié)調(diào)；調(diào)解；palmtreenconfectionern.甜食業(yè);糖果店；糖果制造者divinityn.神；神性；stripen.條紋；線條；mintadj.完美的；新造的n.薄荷；薄荷糖；鑄幣廠；v.鑄（幣）yulen.圣誕節(jié)firtreen.冷杉樹manifestationinfantn.嬰兒；幼兒；四歲到七歲之間的學(xué)童adj.初期的；初創(chuàng)期的oakn櫟樹logn.日志；原木；飛行日志v.記錄；把…載入正式記錄；行駛；采伐（森林的）樹木solsticen.（夏或冬）至hearthn.壁爐爐床fertilityn.豐產(chǎn)；富饒；能生育性；sprinklev.灑；撒；把…撒（或?yàn)ⅲ┰凇希籱ulln.亂七八糟〈美口〉仔細(xì)考慮[討論]；splinterv.分裂；（使）裂成碎片；boisterousadj.熱鬧的；充滿活力的；活蹦亂跳的ironstoven鐵爐paganadj.異教的；非基督教的；無宗教信仰的n.異教徒nativityn圣誕；耶穌降生；耶穌降生圖centerpiecen.evergreen.常青樹；常綠樹adj.常綠的somberadj.憂郁的；昏pastryn.油酥面團(tuán)；油酥面皮；油酥糕點(diǎn)secularadj.現(xiàn)世的；世crucifixionn.釘死在十字架上；十字架苦像（耶穌受難的畫像或藝bishopn.主教berryn漿果；莓a(chǎn)ccoutrementn.裝自己，那就繼續(xù)享受下面精彩的文化盛宴吧?。∮涀∮袉栴}哦，么么噠acommondate通用日december25wasasignificantdateforvariousearlytheancientbabyloniansthesonofthequeenofheavenwasbornondecember25.theegyptianscelebratedthebirthofthesonofthefertilitygoddessisisonthesamedate,whileancientarabscontendedthatthemoonwasbornondecembertheromanscelebratedsaturnalia,afeastnamedforsaturn,godofagriculture,ondecember21,thewintersolsticeinthenorthernhemisphere.theybelievedtheshortestdayoftheyearwasthebirthdayofthesun.theromanemperorconstantinewasamemberofthesun-cultbeforeconvertingtochristianityin312.somescholarssuspectthatchristianschosetocelebratechristsbirthondecember25tomakeiteasiertoconvertthepagantribes.referringtojesusasthelightoftheworldalsofitwithexistingpaganbeliefsaboutthebirthofthesun.theancientreturnofthesunphilosophyhadbeenreplacedbythecomingofthesonmessageofchristianity.joyfulandreligious快樂和宗gradually,christmascelebrationsbegantoadopttheoftenboisterous,holidaytraditionsofpagancultures.thestoryofthenativitywastoldthroughmusic,art,anddance.storedchristmaswhenheascendedthethrone.intheamericancolonies,puritans,baptists,quakers,andpresbyteriansopposedthefestivities,whilecatholics,anglicans(episcopalians),dutchreformed,andlutheranschristmascelebrationsbecamemorecommoninamericaduringthemid-1800s.theintroductionofchristmasservicesinsundayschoolsreducedreligiousopposition,whilethecharlesdickensnovelachristmascarolpopularizedtheholidayasafamilyeventchristmastree圣誕thepracticeoftreeworshiphasbeenfoundinmanycultures.often,treeswerebroughtindoorsanddecoratedtoensureagoodcropforthecomingyear.treeshavealsobeenlinkedtodivinity.egyptiansassociatedapalmtreewiththegodbaal-tamar,whilethegreeksandromansbelievedthatthemotherofadoniswaschangedintoafirtree.adoniswasoneofherbranchesbroughttolife.themodernchristmastreewaslikelyborninthe8thcentury,whenst.bonifacewasconvertingthegermanictribes.thetribesworshippedoaktrees,decoratingthemforthewintersolstice.st.bonifacecutdownanenormousoaktree,thatwascentraltotheworshipofaparticulartribe,butafirtreegrewinitsplace.theevergreenwasofferedasasymbolofchristianity,whichthenewlyconvertedgermansbegandecoratingforprincealbert,whowasgerman,introducedthechristmastreetoenglandafterhismarriagetoqueenvictoriain1840.germanimmigrantstopennsylvaniabroughtchristmastreestoamerica.mistletoe槲寄生thedruidsbelievedmistletoefellfromheavenandgrewontotreethatsprangfrommistletoethusrepresentedthejoiningofheavenandearth,andgodsreconciliationwithmankind.akissundermistletoesymbolizedacceptanceandreconciliation.(ps:給大家推薦首比伯的歌mistletoe，mv更贊哦)santaclaus圣誕老人patronsaintofchildrenandsailors,saintnicholaswasacenturybishopfromasiaminor.hewasfamousforgivinggiftstochildren.hisfeastday,december6,becameachildrensholidayinholland,whereheisknownassintnikolaas.englishcolonistsinnewyork(previouslythedutchcolonyofnewpronouncethedutchname.theenglishbegancelebratingthefeastdayonchristmas.krisskringle,anothernameforsantaclaus,developedingermanyaround1600.germanprotestantsrecognizeddecember25,thebirthofthechristchild,christkindl,astheinthenetherlandsandgermany,thesantaclausfigureoftenrodethroughtheskyonahorsetodeliverpresentstochildren.heoftenworeabishopsrobesandwassometimesaccompaniedbyblackpeter,anelfwhowhippednaughtyinadditiontothetraditionofsaintnicholas,thethreewisemengavegiftstothebabyjesus,startingthechristmasgiftreadnamesforsantaaroundtheworldchristmasholly圣誕紅的葉片oneofthemostpopularchristmastimeaccoutrements,hassharpedges,symbolicofthecrownofthornswornbyjesusathiscrucifixion.theredberriesrepresentblood.yulelog圣誕節(jié)原木wholivedinthemiddleeast.thegermanictribesofnorthern“y-lay”“childsday.”thecustomoftheyuleloghasbeennotedinfranceanditalyasfarbackasthe1200s.itlaterspreadthroughouteurope.onchristmaseveanenormouslogwouldbecutandplacedinthehearth.thelogwouldbesprinkledwithsalt,oil,andmulledwine,andprayerssaidtoprotectthehousefromthedevilandinsomeregions,thedaughtersofthefamilylitthelogwithsplintersofthepreviousyearslog.inotherregions,theladyofthehousehadthehonoroflightingthelog.asironstovesreplacedgianthearthsinthe1800s,yulelogsbecamedecorative,oftenbeingusedaschristmascenterpiecesanddecoratedwithevergreensandcandles.cooksbegancreatingpastryyulelogs,rolledcakescoveredinchocolateorcoffeeanddecoratedwithsugaredhollyandroses.candycanes棒棒糖somescholarsbelieveaconfectionerdevelopedcandycanestorepresentjesus.theshapeofthejwasforjesus,ortheshepherdsstaff.thewhitecolorsymbolizedpurity,whiletheredstripesindicatedblood.peppermintissimilartohyssop,themiddleeasternmintmentionedinthebible.christmascards圣誕賀卡thecustomofsendingchristmascardsstartedinengland.earlier,someadultshadwrittenchristmasletters.butletterstooktimetowrite;andpeoplewantingtoshareseasonsgreetingswithmanyothershadadauntingtask.in1843,britishbusinessmansirheycoleaskedartistjohncalcotthorsleytoprintsomechristmascards.onethousandcardswereprintedinblackandwhiteandthencoloredbyhand.thecards,whichdepictedahappyfamilyraisingatoasttotherecipient,werecriticizedforpromotingdrunkenness.in1851richardpease,avarietystoreowner,commissionedthefirstprintedchristmascardintheu.s.londonprinterscharlesgoodallsonsbecamethefirsttomass-producechristmascards.in1862theycreatedcardsvariousdesigns,includingrobins,holly,mangers,andandevenlittleredridinghood.（ps：最后獻(xiàn)上比伯另一首