新教材適用2024版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案17選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit1PeopleOfAchievement

練案[17]選擇性必修第一冊(cè)UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTⅠ.完形填空(2023·重慶市第一次質(zhì)檢)Gurnah,growingupinZanzibar,anislandoffthecoastofTanzania,wasawardedthe2021NobelPrizeinLiterature.HeisthefirstBlackwriter1.AtheprizesinceToniMorrisonin1993,andsomeobserverssawhis2.Basalongdelayedcorrective(矯正)afteryearsofEuropeanandAmericanNobellaureates(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?．Inhis10novels,Gurnahhasoftenexploredthe3.Aofexile(流放),identityandbelonging.They4.DMemoryofDeparture,PilgrimsWayandDottie,whichalldealwiththeimmigrant(移民)experienceinBritain.Gurnah'sfirstlanguageisSwahili,buthe5.CEnglishashisliterarylanguage.HedrewontheimageryandstoriesfromtheQuran,6.DfromArabicandPersianpoetry,particularlyTheArabianNights.ThenewsofGurnah'sNobel7.Cbyfellownovelistsandacademicswhohavelongarguedthathis8.Bdeserveawideraudience.GurnahwasborninZanzibar,whichisnow9.AofTanzania,in1948.Then,in1964,hefledtoEngland.10.D,poor,homesick,hebegantowritescraps(片段)inhisdiary,then11.Bentries,thenstoriesaboutotherpeople.Inhis20s,hestarted12.Cfiction.ThenhefinishedhisfirstnovelMemoryofDeparture,aboutayoungmanwhofleesafaileduprising,andatthesametimehewaswritinghisPh.D.dissertation(論文)．13.A,hebecameaprofessorofEnglish.ThoughGurnahhasn'tlivedinTanzaniasincehewasa14.B,hishomelandalwaysinspireshisimagination.15.D,hesaid，“Myhomelandalwaysassertsmyselfinmyimagination,evenwhenIdeliberatelytrytosetmystorieselsewhere.”語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文主要介紹了2021年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者，坦桑尼亞作家古爾納的生平及作品。1．A.toreceive B．toconfirmC．tosearch D．toappreciate解析：考查語境推斷。根據(jù)第一段“...wasawardedthe2021NobelPrizeinLiterature.”可知，古爾納被授予諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。receive意為“得到，收到”，符合語境。confirm意為“確認(rèn)”；search意為“搜查”；appreciate意為“欣賞”。故選A。2．A.section B．selectionC．collection D．consultation解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示古爾納被選為諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的獲得者。selection意為“選擇”，符合語境。section意為“部分，部門”；collection意為“收藏(品)”；consultation意為“咨詢”。故選B。3．A.themes B．opinionsC．passages D．suggestions解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合空后的“exile(流放),identityandbelonging”以及下文“...andDottie,whichalldealwiththeimmigrant(移民)experienceinBritain.”可知，在他的10部小說中，古爾納經(jīng)常探討流亡、身份和歸屬感的主題。theme意為“主題”，符合語境。opinion意為“意見”；passage意為“段落”；suggestion意為“建議”。故選A。4．A.explode B．concludeC．provide D．include解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示這些作品包括《離別的記憶》《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，都是圍繞在英國的移民經(jīng)歷而展開。include意為“包括”，符合語境。explode意為“爆炸”；conclude意為“總結(jié)”；provide意為“提供”。故選D。5．A.advised B．a(chǎn)daptedC．a(chǎn)dopted D．a(chǎn)ffected解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示古爾納的第一語言是斯瓦希里語，但他采用英語作為他的文學(xué)語言。adopt意為“采用”，符合語境。advise意為“建議”；adapt意為“使適應(yīng)；改編”；affect意為“影響”。故選C。6．A.asmuchas B．a(chǎn)slongasC．a(chǎn)softenas D．a(chǎn)swellas解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示他的作品引用了《古蘭經(jīng)》和阿拉伯詩歌與波斯詩歌中的意象和故事。aswellas意為“以及”，符合語境。asmuchas意為“多達(dá)”；aslongas意為“只要；長達(dá)”；asoftenas意為“每當(dāng)”。故選D。7．A.wasawarded B．wasdiscussedC．wascelebrated D．wassuspected解析：考查語境推斷。此處表示小說家同行和學(xué)者們慶祝古爾納獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的消息，他們一直認(rèn)為他的作品應(yīng)該有更廣泛的讀者。celebrate意為“慶祝”，符合語境。award意為“授予”；discuss意為“討論”；suspect意為“懷疑”。故選C。8．A.jobs B．worksC．labors D．careers解析：考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示他的作品應(yīng)有更廣泛的讀者。work意為“作品”，符合語境。job意為“工作”；labor意為“任務(wù)；工作”；career意為“職業(yè)，事業(yè)”。故選B。9．A.part B．nameC．home D．country解析：考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示桑給巴爾現(xiàn)在是坦桑尼亞的一部分。part意為“部分”，符合語境。name意為“名稱”；home意為“家”；country意為“國家”。故選A。10．A.Admirable B．RespectableC．Fashionable D．Miserable解析：考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文中與設(shè)空處內(nèi)容并列的poor,homesick可知，空格處填寫的詞匯應(yīng)該是具有相似感情色彩的詞匯，表示古爾納當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。miserable意為“痛苦的”，符合語境。admirable意為“令人欽佩的”；respectable意為“受人尊敬的”；fashionable意為“時(shí)髦的”。故選D。11．A.higher B．longerC．stronger D．heavier解析：考查語境&常識(shí)推斷。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，古爾納先是在日記中寫零碎片段，接著是簡(jiǎn)短記錄，再接著是人物故事；且根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，寫作應(yīng)是循序漸進(jìn)，一步步進(jìn)行的；且從零碎片段到簡(jiǎn)短記錄再到人物故事，文字的長度應(yīng)是逐漸變長的。long意為“長的”，符合語境。high意為“高的”；strong意為“強(qiáng)壯的”；heavy意為“重的”。故選B。12．A.reading B．hearingC．writing D．watching解析：考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示20多歲時(shí)，古爾納開始寫小說。write意為“寫作”，符合語境。read意為“閱讀”；hear意為“聽”；watch意為“觀察”。故選C。13．A.Afterwards B．ForwardsC．Backwards D．Frontwards解析：考查邏輯推斷。本段主要介紹了古爾納的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作歷程，有明顯的時(shí)間順序；此處表示后來，他成為英語教授。afterwards意為“然后”，符合語境。forwards意為“向前”；backwards意為“向后”；frontwards意為“向前”。故選A。14．A.writer B．teenagerC．scholar D．professor解析：考查語境推斷。根據(jù)第四段中“GurnahwasborninZanzibar...in1948.Then,in1964,hefledtoEngland.”可知，16歲時(shí)，古爾納離開了坦桑尼亞，即此處指自青少年時(shí)期他便沒有再回去過。teenager意為“青少年”，符合語境。writer意為“作家”；scholar意為“學(xué)者”；professor意為“教授”。故選B。15．A.Asaresult B．AtthesametimeC．Ontheotherhand D．Inhisownwords解析：考查語境推斷。后文是古爾納對(duì)上文“hishomelandalwaysinspireshisimagination”的詮釋，以說明他的小說中處處有著他的祖國的影子。inhisownwords意為“用他自己的話”，符合語境。asaresult意為“結(jié)果”；atthesametime意為“同時(shí)”；ontheotherhand意為“另一方面”。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2023·濟(jì)南市學(xué)情檢測(cè))ManyofushaveheardofAlexHonnold,whomadehistoryin2018whenhebecamethefirstmantoclimbElCapitanwithoutropesorsafetyequipment.Buthismother,DierdreWolownick,justbecametheoldestwomantoconquerthefamouspeak：ShereachedthetoponSeptember23,2021—themorningofher70thbirthday.Dierdre，awriterandlanguageteacher,decidedtotakeupclimbingasameanstoconnectmorewithherson.In2008,accompaniedbyhersonAlex,shevisitedaclimbinggymandcompleted12routesthatfirstdaywithhishelp,butitwasmonthsbeforeshepluckedupthecouragetoreturnandpracticeonherown.Dierdrebecamecommittedtothesport,andbegantomeetfriendsandsharpenherskills.Shescaled(攀登)partsofHalfDomeandCathedralPeakatatimewhenmanypeopleatheragearethinkingaboutretirementandslowingdown.ThewriterpublishedabookaboutherclimbingexperienceswithAlexcalledTheSharpEndofLife：AMother'sStory.“Asamother，Iamimpressedbythisroleexchangeprocess.Parentsandchildrenoftenwindupchangingrolesinlifeastheygetolder，”shewritesinherbook.“Butnever，Ithought,isthattransformationasobviousaswhentheyclimbtogether.”O(jiān)nSeptember23,Dierdreandherfriendssetoutinthedark,at6a．m..Therouteissteep(陡峭的)enoughtorequireallfours,grabbingrocksandtreesandwhateverelsewillholdtheweight.Despitealldifficulties,theteammadeittothetop.“Itwasreallyinspiringtowatchherandthentohaveherontopwithallofus，”saidoneofDierdre'sfriends.“Therewasaspeciallookoneveryone'sface.Weknewwherewewere.Weknewhowamazingthemomenttrulywas.”語篇導(dǎo)讀：文章講述了世界級(jí)攀巖者亞歷克斯·杭諾爾德的母親迪爾德麗·沃羅尼克為了更好地了解兒子，致力于攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)，并于自己70歲生日時(shí)登上高峰的故事。1．WhydidDierdrestartclimbingmountains？_A__A．Toknowhersonbetter.B．Tocelebrateherbirthday.C．Toseekwritinginspiration.D．Tosetanexamplefortheold.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“Dierdre，awriterandlanguageteacher,decidedtotakeupclimbingasameanstoconnectmorewithherson.”可知，迪爾德麗開始爬山是因?yàn)樗敫玫亓私庾约旱膬鹤印９蔬xA。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDierdre？_B__A．Patient. B．Courageous.C．Intelligent. D．Generous.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“justbecametheoldestwomantoconquerthefamouspeak”，第二段中的“completed12routesthatfirstday”，第三段中的“whenmanypeopleatheragearethinkingaboutretirementandslowingdown”以及后文所述的迪爾德麗的攀巖經(jīng)歷可知，在同齡人準(zhǔn)備開始享受節(jié)奏緩慢的退休生活時(shí)，迪爾德麗開始學(xué)習(xí)攀巖，并于70歲生日時(shí)登上高峰。由此推斷出她是一個(gè)勇敢無畏的人。故選B。3．WhatcanweknowaboutDierdre'sclimbingjourney?_A__A．Itwasworththeefforts.B．Ittookdaystocomplete.C．Itwasarrangedonherown.D．Itrequiredspecialequipment.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中迪爾德麗朋友的話“Itwasreallyinspiringtowatchherandthentohaveherontopwithallofus”和“Weknewhowamazingthemomenttrulywas.”可知，盡管他們遇到了很多困難，但當(dāng)他們到達(dá)頂峰時(shí)，他們知道了自己身在何處，也知道了那一刻是多么的令人驚喜，由此可以推斷出他們的努力是值得的。故選A。4．Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext？_B__A．MountainClimbingBenefitsHealthB．AMotherGoesBeyondHerSon'sFeatC．ClimbTogether,BondCloserD．SlowDown,BetterYourLife解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。綜觀全文可知，文章講述了世界級(jí)攀巖者亞歷克斯·杭諾爾德的母親迪爾德麗·沃羅尼克為了更好地了解兒子，致力于攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)，并于自己70歲生日時(shí)登上高峰，由此成為征服該峰的最年長的女性的故事。這位母親的成就甚至超越了自己兒子的成就。B項(xiàng)(母親超越兒子的成就)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B。Ⅲ.七選五(2023·南京市、鹽城市一模)ShannanHearne'soldestdreamwastoownaranch(牧場(chǎng))．InFebruary2020,herdreamfinallycametruewhensheopenedthegatesofSunandMoonRanch.Then,justamonthlater,thecountryslidintoCOVID-19lockdown.1.CWithlargeareasofgrasslandsandplentyofsunshineandfreshair,therewasnosaferwayforfrightenedneighborstogetoutofthehouse.2.ASure,youcansignupforridinglessonsorboardyourhorse.Butyoucanalsodropbytoplaywiththechickens,goats,anddogs,orjointheyoungerranchersplayingonthebigpileoffreshlydugdirt.Hearnenowsawtheranchassomethingmorethanabusiness—itwouldbeaplacethecommunitycouldcallhome.3.BManyofthemcamenotjustforfreecookouts,butforthechancetofindpeaceofmind.“Ihadavisionforthespaceabletohelpcurethoseinneed，”saysHearne.Oneofthosepeople,now15,wasbornwithoutfingersononehand.HisgrandmotherbroughthimtoSunandMoonRanchforridinglessons.Learningtocontrolahorsewithonehandhelpedhimbettermanagehisdisability,andhegrewclosertohisgrandmotherovertheirsharedloveofhorses.“4.GAndIbelievethisisespeciallytrueforchildrenoranyonewhostruggleswithanysortofpsychologicalissue，”Hearnesays.Anotherboybecameselectivelysilentbecauseofhisautism(自閉癥)．5.ETakingthereins(韁繩),literally,helpedhimdosoinhisdailylifetoo.“Icouldseehowtheempowermentofridingwashelpinghimfeelonceagainincontroloftheworldaroundhim，”saysHearne.A．Theranch,Hearnerealized,shouldbeforeverybody.B．Asthepandemicdeepened,localsbegantogatherthere.C．SoonHearne'sdreambegantogrowintosomethingbigger.D．Localsdesiredtoputupatenttherewhentheyfeltwornout.E．Lessonbylesson,Hearnewatchedhimslowlycomeoutofhisownworld.F．Hewentfromnotansweringquestionstoliterallytalkingourearoff.G．Thereissomethingempoweringaboutcontrollingaone-thousand-poundanimal.語篇導(dǎo)讀：Hearne擁有牧場(chǎng)的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了，但一個(gè)月后，全國陷入了封閉狀態(tài)之中，當(dāng)?shù)厝藷o處可去，Hearne利用自己的牧場(chǎng)為當(dāng)?shù)厝朔?wù)。解析：1．空前講，Hearne實(shí)現(xiàn)了擁有牧場(chǎng)的夢(mèng)想，但一個(gè)月后全國陷入了封閉狀態(tài)之中，故此處應(yīng)描述封閉狀態(tài)對(duì)Hearne的影響。再結(jié)合第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Hearne不只把牧場(chǎng)當(dāng)作生意，還把牧場(chǎng)當(dāng)作鄰居們的家。故選C。2．根據(jù)第1空前面一句和第二段首句可知，新冠肺炎疫情下鄰居無處可去，再結(jié)合空后講述鄰居在牧場(chǎng)可以做很多事情可推知，此空應(yīng)講述Hearne在新冠肺炎疫情下怎樣利用牧場(chǎng)為鄰居服務(wù)。故選A。3．空后的“Manyofthem”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)ocals”。B項(xiàng)與空后的“他們中的很多人來到這里，不僅是為了免費(fèi)的野餐，而且還為了有機(jī)會(huì)去尋找內(nèi)心的平靜?！甭?lián)系緊密。故選B。4．空前講述一個(gè)15歲的殘疾孩子學(xué)會(huì)了用一只手控制馬，這幫助他更好地應(yīng)對(duì)他自己的殘疾，再結(jié)合空后一句可知，Hearne認(rèn)為這對(duì)于與疾病抗?fàn)幍暮⒆觽儊碚f尤其如此。故G項(xiàng)(控制一只1000磅重的動(dòng)物可以增強(qiáng)自信。)承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。5．空前講另外一個(gè)孩子因?yàn)樽蚤]癥而變得選擇性沉默?？蘸笾v騎馬幫助他再次對(duì)自己周圍的環(huán)境應(yīng)付自如，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。故選E。Ⅳ.語法填空(2023·廈門市第二次質(zhì)檢)ManyexcellentwarshipcrewshavebeentrainedontheLiaoning,whichisaChineseType001aircraftcarrier.Astheonlyfemaledeckoperationofficeronit,RemilaDabulofKazakethnicgroup(哈薩克族),whosestory1.wasreported(report)bythemediainJanuary,hasattractedmuchpublicattention.Beforeworkingonthedeck,Remilawasaradarandtelephone2.operator(operate)．ButwhenshefirstsawaJ-15fightertakingoff,theideaofworkingalongsideitcrossedhermind.3.Soeagerwasshetobeacrewmemberthatsheovercamemanydifficultiesandultimatelybecame4.qualified(qualify)．Duringherwork,Remilawearsabluehelmet,goggles,andbluesuits.AfteraJ-15lands,5.whatsheneeds