山東省聊城市莘縣2023年考研《英語一》預(yù)測試題含解析

山東省聊城市莘縣2023年考研《英語一》預(yù)測試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Onesummer,AuntBettaandUncleBillinvitedmetotravelwiththembackhometoPennsylvania.Ihadneverbeen1LosAngelesandwaseagertomeetourrelatives.Ourfirstnight,wedrovethroughthedesert,andthenthroughroadscutthroughhills.ThenextdaywewentthroughtheRockyMountains.Itwas2drivinguplonginclines(斜坡)withabruptU-shapeturnsonthesteephillsides,thendriving3slowlywithgreatcaution.BeyondColorado,wedrovethroughmilesof4,whereIsawactualfoodbeinggrown.I5someofthecrops.Inonesmalltownwepassedthrough,AuntBettadecidedIneedednew6andtookmetoacountry7.Iwasusedto8dressesandskirts.NowIhadmyfirstpairofjeans,aflannelshirt,shortsandaT-shirt.Ilovedthemall.9wereachedourdestination.UncleBill’saunthadaperfectlittletwo-storyhouse.ThefirstthingI10wasabedinacutelittleroom—forme!Ilookedforwardtothat.Itwouldbelikesleepinginadollhouse.Inthebackyard,Isawredthings11thebackfence.UncleBill’sunclesaid,“Ithinkyouneveratea12tomatoinL.A．.”Ihadn’t.He13pickedoneforme.Imetallmynewaunts,unclesandcousins.Mycousinstaughtmehowtodocartwheels(側(cè)手翻)inthebigfrontyard.Countrypeoplehavemore14,Ithought.Alltheadultscriedwhenwe15,butItookhomeallthe16ofeverythingI’dseen.BackinL.A．,mylungshurtwhenItookadeepbreath.I17thefreshair.Idreamedofhomegrowntomatoes.Mycountryclothesseemedoutof18,butIworethemanyway.Iwastwoweekslatestarting19,butItoldmyteachersonlythatI’dbeeninPennsylvaniaanddecidedto20alltheresttomyself.IfonlytheycouldhaveexperiencedeverythingthatIdid!1、A．outsideB．a(chǎn)crossC．inD．to2、A．boringB．embarrassingC．frighteningD．confusing3、A．a(chǎn)wayB．pastC．outD．down4、A．buildingsB．fieldsC．hillsD．rock5、A．recognizedB．foundC．plantedD．harvested6、A．clothesB．cropsC．toysD．tools7、A．hotelB．pubC．pathD．store8、A．preparingB．sewingC．buyinD．wearing9、A．AtlastB．AboveallC．ForthemomentD．Onthecontrary10、A．tookB．searchedC．noticedD．owned11、A．flyingoverB．growingupC．circlingaboveD．packinginto12、A．redB．ripeC．homegrownD．man-made13、A．a(chǎn)ccidentallyB．graduallyC．instantlyD．temporarily14、A．ideasB．materialsC．interestD．space15、A．droveB．talkedC．partedD．met16、A．copiesB．memoriesC．picturesD．pleasures17、A．breathedB．missedC．forgotD．preferred18、A．shapeB．sightC．workD．place19、A．vacationB．journeyC．schoolD．work20、A．keepB．oweC．describeD．giveSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ayoungwomansitsaloneinacafésippingteaandreadingabook.Shepausesbrieflytowriteinanearbynotepadbeforeshowingherwordstoapassingcaféwaiter:"Wherearethetoiletsplease?"ThisisafamiliarsceneinTokyo’sso-called"silentcafés",wherecustomersarenotallowedtospeak,andonlycommunicatebywritinginnotepads.TheconceptrisesbyadesiretobealoneamongyoungJapanese,asituationbroughtbyeconomicuncertainty,ashiftintraditionalfamilysupportstructuresandthegrowingsocialisolation.Thephenomenonisnotlimitedtocoffeeshopsbutcoverseverythingfromsilentdiscos,whereparticipantsdancealonewearingwirelessheadphonesconnectedtotheDJ,toproductssuchassmalldesktentsdesignedforconversation-freeprivacyintheoffice.OneKyotocompanyevenofferssinglewomentheopportunitytohavea"onewomanwedding"—afullbridalaffair,completewithwhitedressandceremony,andtheonlythingmissingisthegroom.Thetrendhasitsownmediaexpression-“botchi-zoku”,referringtoindividualswhoconsciouslychoosetodothingscompletelyontheirown.Onerecentweekdayafternoon,ChihiroHigashikokubaru,a23-year-oldnurse,travelled90minutesfromherhome,toTokyoonherdayoffinordertoenjoysomesolotime.Speakingquietlyattheentranceofthecafe,MissHigashikokubarusaid:“IheardaboutthisplaceviaTwitterandIliketheideaofcominghere.Iworkasanurseandit'salwaysverybusy.ThereareveryfewquietplacesinTokyo,andit'sabigbusycity.Ijustwanttocomeandsitsomewherequietlyonmyown.I’mgoingtodrinkacupofteaandmaybedosomedrawings.Iliketheideaofaquiet,calmatmosphere.”ThedesiretobeisolatedisnotanewconceptinJapan,hometoanestimated3.6million"hikikomori"-amoreextremeexampleofsocialrecluses(隱士)whowithdrawcompletelyfromsociety.1、（小題1）Whatisspecialaboutthe“silentcafes”?A．Itprovidesvariousteaandbooks.B．Ithasattractedmanypopularyoungpeople.C．ItoffersservicebywritingnotbyspeakingD．Peoplearenotallowedtocommunicate.2、（小題2）Whichofthefollowingstatementcan’taccountfortheideaofbeingaloneinJapan?A．UnstableeconomicsituationB．AchangeintraditionalfamilysupportpatternC．TherisingdemandforprivacyD．Theincreasingsocialisolation3、（小題3）WhatdoweknowaboutHigashikokubaru?A．Shedoesn’tliketobeanurse.B．Shedoesn’tlikethelifeinbigcities.C．ShetravelledtoTokyoonherworkdays.D．Sheenjoyshersolotimeinaquietplace.4、（小題4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LonelyJapaneseB．OnewomanweddingC．SocialreclusesinJapanD．SilentcafesText2TheannouncementsthatfollowinformyouofvariousFirstPresbyterianChurchprogramsandeventstowhichyouareinvited.Pleasesavethispublication,takeithomeandkeepitforeasyreference.SummerMusikgarten—TodayMusikgartenisforinfants(V)L)throughthreeyearsold,butifyouhaveolderchildren,bringthemwithyouduringthesummer.Wedon'twanttoleaveanyoneout!We'llmeetforSummerMusikgartenclassesinRoom307at9:20-9:50AMtoday,andonJune25,July9,16,23,30,August13and20.Ifyouhavequestionsorformoreinformation,pleasecontactKathyMiddleton(kmidd@;563-505-0471).BTCBookClubBonus—MondayJoinusfordessertandadiscussionofthebook,TheTraitor'sWife,byAllisonPataki,ledbyLoisBoyer-Fitzpatrick.WewillmeetMonday,June19at12:30PMintheParlor.Formoreinformation,contactCarolPhoenix(563-332-0980).PerformingArtsSeries—SaturdayThetwenty-fifthanniversaryseasonofthePerformingArtsSeriesconcludeswithtwoperformancesoftheclassicBroadwaymusical,MyFairLady.LernerandLoewe'smostsuccessfulcollaboration,MyFairLadyhasdelightedaudiencesfordecades,andwelookforwardtoproducingitforyou.Ticketsare$15foradultsand$10forstudents,andcanbepurchasedonthechurch'swebsiteorbycallingthechurchoffice.Tabitha'sCircle—SundayAllthosewhosewandmakesomesimpledressesandshortscanjoinusinFellowshipHall.TheclotheswemakearesenttochildreninAfrica,Guatemala,CambodiaandHaiti.Pleasebringyourownsewingmachinesandinvitesotherswhowouldliketoparticipate.Wewillhaverefreshments.ContactRosenPaulsen(563-355-3165)forquestionsaboutthisoutreachproject.1、496．Ifyouvaluethechildreneducation,whicheventisyourbestchoice?A．SummerMusikgartenB．BTCBookClubBonus19C．PerformingArtsSeriesD．Tabitha'sCircle2、498．YoucancontactallofthefoureventsbyA．makingphonecallsB．visitingthewebsitesC．inquiringinpersonD．writingletters3、500．Accordingtothethirdsection,weknowMyFairLadyA．isfreeforyoungkidsB．hasbeenpopularforyearsC．wasstarredbyLernerandLoeweD．wasoneofthelongestclassicBroadwaymusicalsText3Theoldtraditionalsayingaboutsleepingwithoneeyeopeninanunfamiliarplacemaynotbetoofaroffthemark.Overthecourseofthreeexperimentson35youngandhealthyvolunteers,researchersinanewstudymeasuredbrainactivityduringtwocontinuousnightsofsleep.Sasakiandcolleaguesperformedaseriesoflabtestsbystimulatingtheleftandthentherighthemisphere(大腦的半球)withsounds.Onthesecondnight,therewasn’tanydifferenceinreactionstotestsbetweentheleftandrighthemispheres,evenduringdeepsleep.Thissuggeststhatthereisafirst-night-onlyeffectspecificallyinonehemisphereofthebrainduringdeepsleep,theauthorsconclude.Thewayparticipantsrespondedtothesleeplabtestspointstothepotentialforthebraintobeonhighalertfordangerduringthefirstnightinunfamiliarsurroundings.Whilethismaybebadnewsforbusinesstravelerswhoregularlymakebriefovernighttrips,itmaynotbeastroublesomeforpeoplewhogoawayforlongerperiodsoftime,Sasakiaddedbyemail.“Frequenttravelmayleadtounrestfulsleep,”Sasakisaid.“Butifyoustayforafewdaysatthesameplace,yoursleepmightcatchup.”Somebirdshavebeenfoundtoactuallysleepwithoneeyeopenandonesideofthebrainawakewhenthey’reinadangeroussetting,andsomemarinemammalshavesimilarabilities,theauthorsnote.Butthenewstudyfocusesonhealthyvolunteersbutnotpeoplewithinsomniaorothersleepdisorders,theauthorsnote.“Theclinicalimplicationshaven’tbeenconfirmedatthemoment,”Finan,apsychiatry（精神醫(yī)學(xué)）andbehavioralhealthresearchersaid.“However,thelevelofspecificityprovidedbytheseanalysescouldbeanimportantfirststepinunderstandingwhatsleepdisorderslikeinsomnia(失眠)arisefrom,whichisthoughttobedriveninmanypatientsbycontinuinghavingalotofworries.”1、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“maynotbetoofaroffthemark”inParagraph1mean?A．MaymakesenseB．Mayberidiculous.C．MaycauseargumentsD．Maybedisturbing.2、WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A．Peopleareusedtowakingupandgoingtobedearlywhentravelling.B．Businesstravelersusuallyhaveabriefsleepatnight.C．Itbringsmuchtroubletothosewhostayfarawayfromtheirhomes.D．Ittakestimeforpeopletoadaptthemselvestoanewenvironment.3、AccordingtoFinan,thestudyishelpfulin________.A．findingouttherootcauseofsleepdisordersB．tellingtheeffectofworriesonsleepdisordersC．comfortingasmanypatientswithsleepdisordersaspossibleD．offeringwaystofreethepatientsfromthesufferingofsleepdisordersText4Nearlyeveryweek,wehearnewsaboutthelatestsuccessesandfailuresindriverlessvehicles.Butwehearlittleabouthowotherindustriesaredevelopingthissamekindoftechnology.Oneindustryheavilyinvolvedinresearchinganddevelopingartificialintelligence,orAI,isagriculture.Companiesareexperimentingwithhigh-techtoolsthatcanhelpfarmerssavetimeandmoney,whilereducingenvironment-harmingchemicals.OneofthecompaniesisecoRobotixofSwitzerLand.ItcreatedarobotequippedwithAIandcamerastoidentifyallplantsonafarm.Therobothasfourwheelstocarryitthroughthefieldsinsearchofweeds.Computer-controlledarmsthenlowerandspraytheweedswithsmallamountsofherbicide(除草劑).Companyofficialssaytherobotcanfullyoperateonitsownforupto12hoursadaywhilebeingpoweredbythesun.Itusesthesamekindofsensorandpositioningtechnologyusedtoguidedriverlessvehicles.Afarmercanalsocontroltheequipmentthroughasmart-phone.Theco-founderofecoRobotix,AurelienDemaurex,saysthefarmrobotcankillweedswith20times1essherbicidethantraditionalmethods.Thisisbecausethesystemusesexactlytherightamountofchemicalintheexactplacerequiredtokilltheweeds.Currently,farmersspreadweedkillersovermassiveareastodestroyunwantedplants.AnothercompanydevelopingfarmroboticsisCalifornia-basedBlueRiverTechnology.Thecompanyhasasystemcalled"See&Spray",whichitclaimswastheworld'sfirstsmartsprayer.Thesystem-whichconnectstothebackofatractor-isalsoequippedwithAItoidentifyandchemicallykillonlytheweeds.Itcanalsospraychemicalsonwantedplantstohelpthemgrow.BenChostner,vice-presidentofbusinessdevelopmentforBlueRiverTechnology,explainsinacompanyvideothatSee&Spraytechnologyusesthesamedeeplearningmethodsusedinfacialrecognition."Thefirsttimethemachinesawapigweed,itdidn'tknowwhatkindofplantitwas.Butwetaughtit-bygivingittensofthousandsofexamplesofthatpigweed-andnowit'sanexpertinpigweed."1、HowwillAIbenefitagriculture?A．Itwillfundagricultureresearch.B．Itcontributestolow-costfarming.C．Itcanavoidharmfulchemicals.D．Itfreesallfarmersfromfieldwork.2、Whatdotheproductsofthetwocompanieshaveincommon?A．Theyuserecognitiontechnology.B．Theyarepoweredbysolarenergy.C．Theyareconnectedwithsmartphones.D．Theycanhelpwantedplantsgrowrapidly.3、WhatdoBenChostner'swordssuggestabouttherobot?A．Itisenvironmentally-friendly.B．Itisgoodatself-improving.C．Ithasthelearningability.D．Itcantrackvariousplants.4、Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext？A．Theexperimentinfarmingrobots.B．Newtrendinartificialintelligence.C．ModernSee&Spraytechnology.D．Artificialintelligenceinagriculture.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)FillintheblanksEatingpopcorninthecinemamaybeirritatingnotjustforfellowmoviegoers,butforadvertisers:agroupofresearchersfromCologneUniversityhasconcludedthatchewingmakesusimmunetofilmadvertisingThereasonwhyadsmanagetoimprint(刻上記號)brandnamesonourbrainsis1．ourlipsandthetongueautomaticallysimulatethepronunciationofanewnamewhenwefirsthearit2．were-encounterthename,ourmouthsubconsciouslypractisesitspronunciationHowever,accordingtothe

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3．(publish)intheJournalofConsumerPsychology,this"innerspeech"canbedisturbedbychewing,4．(render)therepetitioneffectredundant5．theirexperiment,theresearchersinvitedagroupof96peopletoacinematowatchamovieprecededbyaseriesofadvertsHalfoftheparticipants6．(give)freepopcornthroughoutthesession,theotherhalfonlyreceivedasmallsugarcube7．immediatelydissolvedintheirmouthsAtestattheendofthescreeningshowedthattheadvertshadleftnoeffectonthoseviewerswhohadchewedtheirwaythroughpopcornthroughout,whiletheotherparticipantsshowedpositivepsychologicalresponsestotheproductsthey8．(encounter)intheads"Themundaneactivityofeatingpopcornmadeparticipantsimmunetothepervasiveeffectsofadvertising,"saidSaschaTopolinski,oneoftheresearchersHegoesasfarasimplyingthathisresearch9．spelltheendofthetraditionalpopcornmachineincinemafoyers"Thisfindingsuggeststhatsellingcandyincinemasactuallyunderminesadvertisingeffects,whichcontradictspresentmarketingstrategiesInthefuture,whenpromotinganovelbrand,advertisingclientsmightconsidertryingtopreventcandy10．(sell)beforethemainmovie"Todaymytopicishow1．(improve)ourspokenEnglish!Beforeweget2．(start),IwouldlikeverymuchtoknowhowimportantyouthinkspokenEnglish3．!Thisisthebasicquestionwehavetofigure4．beforewesolveourproblems!Obviously,Englishisalanguage,5．makesitabsolutelyimportanttospeakitout!Asthe6．(say)goes,youlearntoswimbyswimmingandyoulearn7．(drive)bydrivingSo,ifyouwantyourspokenEnglish8．(improve),youhavetocatcheverychancetospeak9．(with)worryingaboutlosingyourfaceormakingmistakes!Youshouldalwaysrememberandtellyourselfthat"practicemakesperfect"!Withalittlemoreconfidenceandhardworkofpractice,10．won'ttakeyoutoomuchtimetomakeprogressinyourspokenEnglish!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Manyteenagerswanttolookcool.1、ChloeMurray,aneighth-graderatJeffersonMiddleSchoolintheUS,realizedthisproblemandestablishedacharitableclothescloset（衣櫥）tohelpherpeers.2、Theschoolletherusearoomfortheproject.Chloe'sclassmatesjoinedheraswell.Lastmonth,thecharitableclothescloset,calledChloe'sCloset,opened.3、“Confidenceisarealissueinmiddleschool,especiallywhenitcomestoclothing,”ChloetoldtheChicagoTribune,adailynewspaperinChicago,US.Wherearetheclothesfrom?Manypeoplefromtheschool'scommunityandneighboringschoolsdonatedusedandnewclothes.Theclothesclosetisonlyopenafterschool.Studentscan"buy"theseclothesbyearning"money"whentheytumintheirschoolworkontime,makecorrectionsonhomework,participateinaschoolactivityorexpresshelpfulnesstotheirpeersandteachers.4、“5、Then,theywillbebetterabletofocusonthelearningmaterialratherthanpayingtoomuchattentiontowhattheyarewearing,”ShannonArko,alanguageartsteacherattheschool,pointedoutthemissionofthecloset."Feelinggoodaboutyourselftranslatesintoabetterlearningexperienceoverall."A．Herschoolsupportedtheideatoo.B．Butnoteveryonecanaffordtokeepupwiththechangingfashiontrends.C．Fashionhasalreadybecomeanimportantpartofstudents'lives.D．Youneedtosupplychildrenwithbasicneeds,suchasclothing.E.It'sfilledwithtrendyclothesforgirlsandboystohelpstudentslooktheirbest.F.Despiteallthesedifficulties,shewasabletostartacharitableclothescloset.G.SincethefirstweekinMarch,about100itemshavebeen"sold"tostudents.HowtoRetainMoreofEveryBookYouReadInrecentyears,Ihavefocusedonbuildinggoodreadinghabitsandlearnedhowtoreadmore.Formostpeople,thefinalgoalofreadinganonfictionbookistoactuallyimprovetheirlifebylearninganewskill,understandingan