考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年衡陽(yáng)市祁東縣巔峰沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年衡陽(yáng)市祁東縣巔峰沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)SleepinginClassIcanstillrememberitasifithappenedyesterday.Iwasacollegefreshmanandhad1mostofthenightbeforelaughingandtalkingwithfriends.Nowjust2myfirstclassofthedaymyeyelidswerefeeling3andmyheadwasdriftingdowntomydesktomakemytextbooka4.Afewminutes’naptimebeforeclasscouldn’t5,Ithought.Boom!Iliftedmyheadimmediatelyandmyeyesopenedwiderthansaucers.Ilookedaroundwithmyheart6quicklytryingtofindthecauseofthe7.Myyoungprofessorwaslookingbackatmewitha8,boyishsmileonhisface.Hehad9droppedthepileoftextbookshewascarryingontoMsdesk.“Goodmorning!”hesaid,stillsmiling.“I’mgladtoseeeveryoneis10.Nowlet’sgetstarted.”ForthenexthourIwasn’tsleepyatall.Itwasn’tfromtheshockofmyprofessor’stextbook11either.Itwas12fromtheattractivediscussionheled.Withknowledgeandgoodhumor,hemadethematerialcomealive.Hisinsightswerefullofbothwisdomandlovingkindness.I13theclassroomnotonlywideawake,butalittle14andalittlebetteraswell.Ilearnedsomethingfarmoreimportantthan15inclassthatday,too.Ilearnedthatifyouaregoingtodosomethinginthislife,doitwell,doit16,andmakeitan17ofyourlove.Whatagloriousplacethisworldwouldbeifallofusdidourworkjoyouslyandwell.Whatabeautifulworldwecould18ifeverydoctor,teacher,musician,cook,waitress,poet,miner,farmer,andlaborermadetheirworkanexpressionoftheirlove.Don’tsleepwalkyourwaythroughlifethen.19!Letyourlovefillyourworkandyoursoul.Lifeis20shortnottoliveitwell.1、A．usedupB．stayedupC．mixedupD．takenup2、A．beforeB．duringC．a(chǎn)fterD．over3、A．lighterandlighterB．widerandwiderC．smallerandsmallerD．heavierandheavier4、A．pillowB．bedC．toolD．waste5、A．breakB．shockC．hurtD．pass6、A．jumpingB．strikingC．movingD．beating7、A．a(chǎn)ccidentB．lessonC．a(chǎn)ctionD．noise8、A．sadB．evilC．naughtyD．silly9、A．intentionallyB．a(chǎn)ccidentallyC．naturallyD．obviously10、A．presentB．a(chǎn)wakeC．sleepyD．a(chǎn)ttentive11、A．bombB．instructionsC．a(chǎn)larmo’clockD．hitter12、A．evenB．insteadC．stillD．therefore13、A．leftB．a(chǎn)ttendedC．missedD．entered14、A．smarterB．strangerC．braverD．prettier15、A．nottalkingB．notlearningC．notfightingD．notsleeping16、A．witheffortB．withpressureC．withdesireD．withjoy17、A．a(chǎn)imB．expressionC．a(chǎn)cceptanceD．offer18、A．describeB．createC．changeD．ruin19、A．CheerupB．HurryupC．WakeupD．Lookup20、A．soB．a(chǎn)sC．tooD．suchSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Iwashavingapicnicdaywithmysister.Webothliketoridehermotorcycleandthatdaywedrovetothenearestpark.Weboughtsomecoffeeandcakes,andthenwewereenjoyingourfood.Withinafewhours,theskywaschangingandlookedreadytodropaheavyrain.Wepackedeverythingandwerereadytogo.Mysister,whowassittingonabench,suddenlywasverystillandcouldn’ttalktome.shedidn’tmove.Hereyeswererollingandshewasabouttoloseconsciousness(知覺(jué)).Iheldherinmyarmsandaskedifshewantedtorest.Shedidn’tanswerandonlysaid“Sorry”.ItstartedtorainandIdidn’tknowwhattodo.Shewasfightingtostayawarebutherskinwaspaleandhereyeswereactingstrange.Suddenly,fromnowhere,awomanonabicycleappeared,wearingaraincoat.“Sheisn’tlookinggood.Doyouwantmetocallanambulance(救護(hù)車)?”“Yes,please,yes!”Ibegged.Shedid.Strugglingwiththerain,shemanagedtocallsomepolicemen,whoquicklyhelpedmecarrymysistertoasaferplace.Theambulancearrivedandwewenttoahospital,whereshewastreatedintimeandshecametolifeinthemorningafterrestandmedicalhelp.AninterestingfactwasthatIguessedthewomanintheraincoatwasadoctororanurse.Ilaterlearnedfromoneofthepoliceofficerswhotoldme:“No,shewasanordinarypersonwhotooksomecoursesonemergencysituations(緊急情況).Iamsogratefulthatsheappearedexactlyatherightmoment.Idon’tknowwhyorhow.Ididn’tevengetthechancetosaythankstoher.1、Whathappenedtotheauthorandhersister?A．Theyhadafight B．HersisterfellillsuddenlyC．Theywerecaughtintherain D．Theyhaddifficultypackingthings2、Howdidthewomanhelptheauthor?A．Bygivingfirstaidtohersister B．ByprotectinghersisterfromtherainC．Bycarryinghesistertothehospital D．Byaskingforemergencymedicalhelp3、Whydidthewomancallthepolicemen?A．TokeeporderintheparkB．TosendthesickgirltohospitalC．TopullthesickgirltoasaferplacequicklyD．Tocarrythesickgirlontotheambulance4、Whatwastheauthor’smainattitudetowardsthewoman?A．Thankful B．FriendlyC．Doubtful D．AdmirableText2Ourneighborsaidthestormlastedfourminutes.Thetownhousesaredestroyedordamaged.Amazingly,noneofuswereseverelyinjured.Onthedaythetornadohit,therewasnoindicationthatsevereweatherwasonitsway.Thefirstalertmyhusband,Jimmy,67,andI,65,gotcamearound9p.m.,fromsomerollingtextontheTVJimmywaswatching.Heranupstairstofindmeinourthird-floorbedroom,andwechangedthechanneltoourlocalPensacola,Florida,station.Nosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.Thebonesofthehouseshook,andthepowerwentout.Wehadthreeflightsofstepstogettotherelativelysafeclosetdownonthefirstfloor.Aswereachedthelastflightofsteps,ourfrontdoorblewout.Suddenly,athree-foot-longtreebranchwhippedthroughthedoorframe.Itflewoverourheads,missingusbyinches.Hadwebeenonestepup,itwouldhavestuckthroughus.Finally,Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn’tgetinsidehimselfbecauseofthewind.IgraspedJimmy’sarmasthetornadosuckedthedooropenandtriedtobringJimmywithit.Mykneesandscalp(頭皮)werefullofglass,butinthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn’tbelieveitwasover.1、Howwastheoldcoupleawareofthetornado?A．Theylearneditfromtheirneighborswhopassedtheirhouse.B．Theylearneditfromsomecommonindicationsbeforeatornado.C．TheyfoundthenewsreportforecastingthetornadoonTV.D．Theyfoundthetornadoontopofthemwhentheywereupstairs.2、Wecaninferfromparagraph4that____________A．Theoldcouplewasverygratefultothebranch.B．Theoldcouplemissedthebranchverymuch.C．Theoldcouplewashitbythebranchonthehead.D．Theoldcouplewasfortunatetohaveanarrowescape.3、Whydidtheoldwomanfeelnopaininparagraph5?A．Becauseshewasworriedaboutherhusband.B．Becauseshewasbraveenoughtobearthepain.C．Becauseshedidn’tactuallyfeelanypain.D．Becauseshehadagoodhusbandtocomforther.4、Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom_______.A．a(chǎn)brochureB．a(chǎn)novelC．newspaperD．a(chǎn)magazineText3Amyotrophiclateralsclerosis,morecommonlyknownasALS,affectsthenervecellsinthebrainandspinalcord(脊髓)thatmakethemusclesofboththeupperandlowerbodywork.Thosenervecellslosetheirabilitytocontrolmusclemovement,whichleadstoparalysis(癱瘓)anddeath.ItsmostfamoussuffererwasfamedphysicistStephenHawking,whodiedonMarch14,2018attheageof76.Hawking,diagnosedwiththeconditionin1963,livedwithitformorethan50years—aremarkablylongtimeforanALSsufferer.Thediseaselefthimparalyzedandcompletelydependentonothersandtechnologyforeverything:bathing,dressing,eating,mobilityandspeech.Hewasabletomoveonlyafewfingersononehand.“Itrytoleadasnormalalifeaspossible,andnotthinkaboutmycondition,orregretthethingsitpreventsmefromdoing,whicharenotthatmany,”hewroteonhiswebsite.“Ihavebeenluckythatmyconditionhasprogressedmoreslowlythanisoftenthecase.Butitshowsthatoneneednotlosehope.”Hawking’slife,includinghisbattlewithALS,wasmadeintoa2014biopic,TheTheoryofEverything,starringEddieRedmayne.TheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaysthat20,000to30,000peoplehaveALSintheUnitedStates,withabout5,000newcasesdiagnosedeveryyear.Peopleusuallyfindoutthattheyhaveitbetween55and75yearsofage.Onaverage,patientslivetwotofiveyearsaftersymptomsdevelop.Forreasonsnotyetunderstood,militaryveteransaretwiceaslikelytobediagnosedwithALSasthegeneralpublic,accordingtotheALSAssociation.ScientistshavebeenstudyingmanyfactorsthatcouldbelinkedwithALS,suchasheredity(遺傳)andenvironmentalexposures.1、Accordingtothetext,ALS.A．islinkedwithclimatechangesB．leadstodeathinoneortwoyearsC．a(chǎn)ffectsthenervecellsalloverthebodyD．makespeoplelosecontrolofmusclemovement2、FromthetextwecaninferthatHawking.A．diedofanunknowndiseaseB．livedwithALSfor55yearsC．feltdesperateinhislastyearsD．wasparalyzedduetopoortreatment3、WhatisthesituationofALSintheUS?A．Over30,000peoplesufferfromALS.B．ALSisusuallyfoundamongtheelderlypeople.C．PatientsoftenenjoyalonglifespandespiteALS.D．Moreandmorenewcasesarereportedeveryyear.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThesymptomsandpossiblecuresofALS.B．AbiographicalfilmaboutStephenHawking.C．AgeneralintroductionofthediseaseofALS.D．Lifeofthefamousphysicist,StephenHawking.Text4Notverylongago,thequestionwouldhaveseemedabsurd.Nowitisonthelipsofrespectedscientists;MPs(議員)arebeginningtotalkof“awaronsugar,”andevenEngland’schiefmedicalofficerhassaidsugarmayhavetobe,liketheoldenemytobacco,taxedinordertoprotectthenation’shealth.Therecameatimeintheevolutionofpublicattitudestosmoking,whenthedoctorshadbeenshoutingforlongenoughthatthepublicwasbroadlyawareoftherisksandtheonlyquestionleftforGovernmentwas:whatshouldwedoaboutit?Somebelievewearenowatthesamepointinourattitudestosugar.Others—largelybutnotonlyrepresentativesofthefoodanddrinkindustry—saytheentiredebatehasbeenskewed(歪曲)bythosewhospreadstoriesdeliberatelytomakepeoplenervous.Moreorlesseveryoneagreesthateatingtoomuchsugarisbadforyou.Thereisalsonodoubtobesityisagrowingproblemwhichisputtingasignificant,avoidableburdenontheNHSbyincreasingtheratesofdiabetes,heartdiseaseandotherlong-termconditions.Buttowhatextentissugar—ratherthansaturatedfats,orsalt,carbohydratesorproteins,oranyoftheotherdevilsofmoderndiets—thecauseofobesityandhowmuchshouldweworryaboutit?Yesterday,hopesofachievinganythingresemblingclarity(清楚)fromtheWorldHealthOrganisation(WHO)wereconfusedonceagain,which,widelyexpectedtoreducetherecommendedsugarintakebyahalfinnewdraftguidance,insteadsaiditwouldcontinuetorecommendthatsugarmakeupnomorethan10percentoftheenergyweconsume,whileaddingthatcuttingthistofivepercentwouldhave“additionalbenefits”.Thedecisionwillnowgoouttopublicconsultation.SimonCapewell,professoroftheUniversityofLiverpool,saidthathesuspected“dirtywork”onthepartoffoodanddrinkscompaniesmightliebehindtheWHO’slessthanresoundingmessage.“ThefoodindustrysayGovernmenthasnobusinessinterfering(介入)infamilies,wemustprotectpersonalchoice,”P(pán)rofessorCapewellsaid.“Wesaythereisnopersonalchoice.Atthemoment,mothercanwalkintoasupermarketwithachoiceoffourtomatosoups—withthree,orfour,orfiveteaspoonsofsugarinthem.Shehasachoiceofthousandsofreadymeals—withfive,orsix,orevennineteaspoonsofsugarin.”1、Byreferringtosmokingtheauthorindicatesthat.A．sugarhasjustturnedouttobeasharmfulassmokingB．itisnoteasyforauthoritiestorestrictorbansomethingC．itiseasyforpeopletoseebadeffectsofsomethingD．peoplemustseethedisadvantagesofsugarimmediately2、WHOhaschangeditsideamainlybecause.A．itthinksthedangerofsugartohealthisoveremphasizedB．itfindsitsafetotakeinasmuchsugaraspeopledonowC．itbelievescertainamountofintakeofsugardoesusgoodD．ithasbeenputunderpressurebyfoodanddrinkscompanies3、Whenreportingtheargumentaboutsugar,theauthorseemsto.A．remainobjectiveB．standbythoseagainstitC．believeitharmlessD．holdtheviewof“wait-and-see”4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethepropertitleforthepassage?A．Issugarthenewevil?B．Howmuchsugardoyoutakedaily?C．Issugartobetaxed?D．Howmuchdoyouknowaboutsugar?PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsareneccessaryFirstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear

1．spokenSecondly,wemustbeabletospeakitcorrectlywithconfidenceandwithouthesitation2．,wemustbeabletoreadthelanguage,andfourthly,wemustbeabletowriteitWemustbeabletomakesentencesthataregrammaticallycorrectThereisnoeasywaytosuccess3．languagelearning4．goodmemoryisofgreathelp,butitisnotenoughonly5．(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbookItisnotmuchuselearningbyheartlonglistofwordsand6．meaning,studyingthedictionaryandsoonWemustlearnbyusingthelanguage7．wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage“Learnthroughuse”isagoodpieceof8．(advise)forthose9．a(chǎn)restudyinganewlanguagePracticeisimportantWemustpractisespeakingand10．(write)thelanguagewheneverwecanOver100,000peopletookpartinamassiveparadeatBeijing'sTian'anmenSquare1．themorningofOct1,NationalDay,tocelebratethe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaThemilitaryparadebeganwithhelicopters2．(fly)overheadcarryingChina'snationalflagsFighterjetsroaredacrosstheBeijingsky,thousandsofsoldiersgoose-steppeddownthecapital'sstreets,followedbycolumnsoftanksandtrucksbearingnewintercontinentalballisticmissiles(洲際彈道導(dǎo)彈),3．wasdescribedasthecountry'sbiggest-evermilitaryparadeAccordingtostatemediacommentary,some40percentofthearmamentsweredisplayedinpublicforthefirsttimeThe4．(celebrate)forChina's70thanniversaryonNationalDayhaveclearlyshownthestrengthsofthecountry'spastandpresent,which5．（pave)awayforthepeacefuldevelopmentofChinesesocietyinthelastsevendecadesWitnessingthegrandmilitaryparadewiththeslogansof“LongLiveChina”atTiananmensquareandlisteningtoPresidentXiJinping’sspeechwereanopportunitytonote6．thisnationhasdevelopedremarkablywithconfidenceinthesystem7．(adopt)undertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)Today,Chinaisblessedwithaspiritedpeople,breathtakingdevelopment,aharmonioussocietyandupraisedinternationalauthority,making8．thefocus,thewonderandenvyoftheworldTheChinesepeopleare9．(confident)aboutandmorecapableofreaching10．goalofnationalrenewalthaneverbeforeSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Virtual(虛擬)TeamsVirtualteamsareagreatwaytoenableteamworkinsituationswherepeoplearenotsittinginthesameofficeatthesametime．1、Thisisparticularlysoforbusinessesthatusevirtualteamstobuildglobalpresence，orneedlesscommonskillsorknowledgefrompeoplewhoareunwillingtotravel．Virtualteamsaregovernedbythesamebasicprinciplesastraditionalteams．2、Itisthewaytheteammemberscommunicate．Theyrelyonspecialcommunicationchannelsenabledbymoderntechnologies，suchasemails，faxes，andteleconferences，andalike．Duetomorelimitedcommunicationchannels，thesuccessofvirtualteamsismuchmoresensitivetothetypeofprojectthegroupworkson，whatpeopleareselected，andhowtheteamismanaged．3、Onechallengingcaseistheprojectsthatrelyheavilyonintegratedwork．Thatistosay，wheneachperson’sworkdependssignificantlyonwhatsomeoneelseisdoingatthesamemoment，likeinasportsteam，thereisanongoingheavyexchangeofinformationinrealtime，andthetaskshavetogothroughastrictorderwithinashorttime．Noteveryonecanperformwellinavirtualteamenvironment．4、Anotherimportantqualityiscommunicationskills．Theteammembersmustbeabletocommunicateclearlyandpositively．Managersofvirtualteamsneedtopaymuchmoreattentiontohavingcleargoals，performancestandards，andcommunicationrules．Peoplehavevariousassumptionsonwhattoexpectfromeachother．5、Oneofthebiggestchallengesofvirtualteamsisbuildingtrustbetweentheteammembers．Trustisimportantforunblockingcommunicationbetweenmembersandincreasingmotivationofeachpersonintheteam．Theissueoftrustneedsspecialattentionatanystageofteamexistence．A．Yet，thereisonesignificantdifference．B．Noteverytypeofprojectissuitableforavirtualteam．C．Avirtualteamcanchoosewhateverprojecttheyliketoworkon．D．Themembersmustbeself-motivatedandabletoworkindependently．E．Suchteamsarenowwidelyusedbycompaniesandorganizationstocutbusinesscosts．F．Membersofvirtualteamscommunicatequitewellalthoughtheynevermeetface-to-face．G．Toavoidmisunderstanding，clearrulesthateveryoneunderstandsandagreesonarenecessary．第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。注意：請(qǐng)將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫(xiě)到答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。Mostofustrademoneyforentertainment.71Butifyouthinkyoucan’thaveagoodtimewithoutspendinglotsofmoney,readon