2022-2023學(xué)年山東省青島第二中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題 （解析版）

青島二中2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高一試題(英語(yǔ))第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Regretful. B.Joyful. C.Satisfied.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IknewIshouldhavebroughtmyothershoes.M:Why,doyourfeethurt?W:Yes!Remindmetonevertakehighheelsinthewoodsagain.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Someclassnotes. B.Anewspaper. C.Anessay.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Didyoucheckthepaperformistakes?M:I’vespentthelastfourhoursdoingjustthat.W:Really?Wouldyoulikemetotakealookatit?M:Bemyguest!ItishardtowriteagoodEnglishessay.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillthemanhavetodonextMonday?A.Attendaparty. B.Takeanexam. C.Writeanessay.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Bob.JimandIwillholdourweddingpartynextSunday.We’dlikeyoutocome.M:Congratulations.I’dloveverymuchtoattend.ButI’llhaveanexamonMondayandanessaydueonWednesday.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Complaining. B.Praisingthewaiter. C.Sayingthanks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Heneverbroughtmyseconddrink.M:Iknow.AndIcannevercatchhiseyetoremindhim.W:There’snowaythatI’mleavingatipforthisguy!5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemayfindsomeonetohelpthewoman.B.HeknowsBaltimoreverywell.C.Hecangivelittleusefulinformation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:IneedtotalktosomeonewhoknowsBaltimorewell.I’mtoldyoulivedthere.M:Oh,butIwasreallyyoungatthetime.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thegirl’shobbies. B.Thegirl’scareerplan. C.Thegirl’scharacter.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirl?A.Sheiscreative. B.Sheisshy. C.Sheisindependent.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Well,let’shaveawordwithMonicahere.Haveyoumadeupyourmindyet?W:Well,moreorless.IthinkI’mgoingtotakeuphairdressing.M:Anyspecialreason?W:Notreally.ExceptthatI’mquitegoodatit—orsomyfriendstellme!It’squitecreative…andyoumeetalotofpeople.M:Andyou’llhavetopleasethemtoo.W:Well,youdoinanyjob,don’tyou?M:Andwhatdoyourparentsthinkaboutit?W:They’renottookeen—that’stheonlytrouble.M:Havetheygototherplansforyou,then?W:Yes,theymaytryandsendmetoasecretarialcollege.M:Andwhatwillyoudointhatcase?W:Ihaven’tdecidedyet—butIusuallygetmyownwayintheend.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?A.She’sacollegestudent. B.She’sSpanish. C.She’llgoabroad.9.Whatdoestheboysuggestthegirldo?A.Dropalanguage. B.Takeatest. C.Tryanotherschool.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Susan.Howareyoutoday?W:I’mconfused.M:Allright.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Accordingtotheuniversitycatalog,Ineedtotaketwosemestersofaforeignlanguage.M:Yes,that’sright.Allundergraduatestudentsarerequiredtotaketwoforeignlanguagecourses.W:ButIalreadystudiedSpanishinhighschool.M:Oh.HowmanySpanishclassesdidyoutake?W:ItookfouryearsofhighschoolSpanishcourses.M:Inthatcase,youmaynotneedtotaketwosemestershere.W:Really?M:Youcantakeaplacementtest(分班測(cè)試).Ifyougetahightestscore,youcanplaceoutofthefirstsemesterofSpanish.Youwillonlyneedtotakeonesemester.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Strangers. C.Friends.11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helosthismoney. B.He’stiredofhisjob. C.Helosthisjob.12.Wheredidthemanstaythesethreedays?A.Atacoffeebar. B.Athome. C.Atthewoman’s.【答案】10.C11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,stranger!Ihaven’tseenyouforages.What’sup?M:Hi.Ihavesomebadnews.Igotfired.W:Oh,no!Youmustbekidding.Youtoldmelasttimeitwasagoodjobandyou’dliketotakeitasacareer.Thatwasonlyoneweekago.Howcome?M:It’salongstory.Inaword,Ididn’tdoagoodjobofit.Imessedupabusinessdeal,adealthatwouldmaketenmilliondollarsandImesseditup.W:I’msorry,man.Thenwhatareyougoingtodonow?M:I’mlookingforajob.Marydoesn’tknowyet.Ispentthelastthreedaysatacoffeeshop.ShethoughtIwenttoworkasusual.W:That’snotthewaytosolvetheproblem.Didyouchecktheclassifiedads?M:Yes,butIdon’tthinkthey’llworkout.Ifoundsomegoodones,butI’mnotqualifiedthough.W:Oh,poorguy!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whereistheflowershop?A.Onthe1stfloor. B.Onthe2ndfloor. C.Onthe3rdfloor.14.Whomostprobablyisthewoman?A.Abookstorekeeper. B.Aninformationclerk. C.Acustomer.15.Whereisthetennisshop?A.Justdownstairs. B.Nexttoabookstore. C.Besideanescalator.16.Whatdoesthewomandoatlast?A.Showsthemanaround. B.Givesthemanamap. C.Buysthemanalunch.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,mayIhelpyou?M:Ineedsomeinformation,please.I’mnewintownandthisismyfirsttimeatthemall.W:Oh,it’sverybigbuteasytogettoknow.M:IhavealistofplacesIneedtofind.First,Ineedabookstore.W:Thebookstoreisdownthehalltoyourleft,thethirdstoreontheright.M:OK.Andthetennisshop?W:That’suponthethirdfloor.It’srightinfrontwhenyougetofftheescalator(自動(dòng)扶梯).Iseeyoualsoneedtheflowershop.M:Yeah.Iwanttosendsomeflowerstomymother.It’sherbirthday.W:It’srightnexttothetennisshop.Youcan’tmissit.M:Good.Now,where’sthefoodcourt?I’mhungry.W:Ifyouwalkpastthebookstoreyoucantakeeithertheelevatorortheescalatortothelowerlevel.You’llfinditthere.M:Thanks.You’vebeenagreathelp.W:Ihopeyoufindeverything.IfyougetlostjustcomebackandI’lltrytohelpyou.M:IfIgetlosthowdoIfindyou?W:Ishouldhavegivenyouoneofthesemapsatthestart.It’llhelpyoufindeverything,includingme.M:Thanks.MaybeI’lljustgetlostonpurpose.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whichofthefollowingdoesthetravelagencyoffer?A.Transportation. B.Backpacks. C.Babycare.18.Whichspecialnightactivityismentioned?A.Hiking. B.Swimming. C.Seeingmovies.19.Whatisincludedinthespecialfamilyprice?A.Twocomfortableroomsarefree.B.Twochildrencancomefree.C.Threemealsadayarefree.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?A.Toadvertiseatourpackage.B.Tointroducealake.C.Toencouragesports.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,friends!TheAceTravelAgencywantstohelpyourfamilyplanitsnextouting.Theperfectplacetospendaweekendisatourownplaceatthelake.Therethekidscangoswimmingorhikingorplaytennisandvolleyball.MomandDadcantakepartinthoseactivitiesorjustrelaxandenjoytheoutdoors.Allyouhavetodoispackyourbags.Weevenhavetransportationfromourofficeinthemalltothelake.Everythingistakencareof.Youhavetherestaurantwhereyoucaneatanythingyoulike.Threemealsadayareavailable,plusalatenightsnackwithsandwichesandcakes.Atnighttherearespecialactivitiesandsportsforeveryone.Watchingmovies,singing,playinggamesarejustafewofthethingsyoucandointheevening.Andattheendoftheday,youhaveyourcomfortableroomwithaprivatebath.You’llenjoysleepingallnightinthisrelaxing,quietplace.Thismonthwe’reofferingyouaspecialfamilyprice.Twoadultsandtwochildrencancomefortwodaysatthepricefortwoadults,andeverythingisincluded.Thar’sright!Thekidscomefree.CalltheAceTravelAgencytomakeareservationforaweekendoffun.Pleasehurrybecauseweonlyhaveroomfor12families.Callnowfornextweekend.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThereareavarietyofmuseumsinLondon.Ofcourse,thereareworld-famousnamesliketheBritishMuseumandNaturalHistoryMuseum.Butthentherearemanytinyplainpeculiarmuseumsineverycornerofthecity.18StaffordTerraceTheKensingtonaddressprovidesanopportunitytoseealate-Victorian,middle-classhomethathassurvivedlargelyunchanged.Thehousewaspassedonfromonegenerationofthefamilytothenextandalmostalltheoriginaldecorationremainsunchanged.Thehouseclosesduringsummerformaintenance.Openinghours:2pm-5:30pmWed,Sat,SunBrunelMuseumAnexhibitioncelebratestheThamesTunnelasthebirthplaceofthetubesystem,andtheGreatEasternsteamshipasthefirstmodernoceanliner.ThesiteisaScheduledAncientMonumentandInternationalLandmarkSiteabovetheoldesttunnelintheUnderground,whichtellsthestoryofthemenwhoworkedinthedark,dodgingflamesandrawsewageeveryday.Openinghours:Daily10am-5pmTheCinemaMuseumThiscollectionofartifactsandequipmenttellingthehistoryofcinemafromthe1890stothepresentisopenbytourwhilethemuseumraisesfundstosecureitsfuture.Amongthedisplaysarecinemaseatsandsigns,stillsandposters,projectorsandothermachinery.Openinghours:11am-5pmMon-FribyadvanceappointmentonlyDennisSevers’HouseDennisSevers’Houseisatimecapsuleattractioninwhichvisitorsareimmersedinauniqueformoftheatre.Thetourtakesyouthroughthecellar,kitchen,diningroom,smokingroomandupstairstothebedrooms.Itfeelsasthoughtheinhabitantshadabandonedtheroomsonlymomentsbefore.TheDennisSeversHousetourisunsuitableforchildrenastoursareconductedinsilence.Openinghours:Wed,Fri5pm-9pm21.IfyouareinterestedinthelifeofVictorian,whichmuseumshouldyouchoosetovisit?A.18StaffordTerrace. B.BrunelMuseum.C.TheCinemaMuseum. D.DennisSevers’House.22.WhatareyourequiredtodobeforevisitingTheCinemaMuseum?A.Learnthehistoryofcinema. B.Collectposters.C.Raisemoney. D.Bookahead.23.Whatdothelistedmuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyareworld-known. B.Theyfeaturetubesystem.C.TheyareaccessibleonWednesday. D.Theyaresuitableforchildren.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了位于倫敦的四個(gè)博物館?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)18StaffordTerrace部分中的“TheKensingtonaddressprovidesanopportunitytoseealate-Victorian,middle-classhomethathassurvivedlargelyunchanged.(肯辛頓的住址讓我們有機(jī)會(huì)看到維多利亞晚期的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)住宅，它基本上沒(méi)有發(fā)生變化)”可知，如果你對(duì)維多利亞時(shí)代的生活感興趣，你應(yīng)該選擇參觀18StaffordTerrace。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheCinemaMuseum部分中的“Openinghours:11am-5pmMon-Fribyadvanceappointmentonly(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：周一至周五上午11點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)，只接受預(yù)約)”可知，參觀TheCinemaMuseum之前，你需要提前預(yù)訂。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)18StaffordTerrace部分中的“Openinghours:2pm-5:30pmWed,Sat,Sun(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：星期三、星期六、星期日下午2:00-5:30)”可知，18StaffordTerrace的開(kāi)放時(shí)間中包含星期三；根據(jù)BrunelMuseum部分中的“Openinghours:Daily10am-5pm(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：每天上午10點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn))”可知，BrunelMuseum的開(kāi)放時(shí)間中也包含星期三；根據(jù)TheCinemaMuseum部分中的“Openinghours:11am-5pmMon-Fribyadvanceappointmentonly(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：周一至周五上午11點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)，只接受預(yù)約)”可知，TheCinemaMuseum的開(kāi)放時(shí)間中也包含星期三；根據(jù)DennisSevers’House部分中的“Openinghours:Wed,Fri5pm-9pm(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：星期三、星期五下午5:00-9:00)”可知，DennisSevers’House的開(kāi)放時(shí)間中也包含星期三。由此可知，文中列出的博物館的共同點(diǎn)是它們都可以在星期三進(jìn)入?yún)⒂^。故選C。BTwoweeksago,a5-year-oldgirlnamedSunshineOelfkeemptiedoutherpiggybank(存錢(qián)罐)ontothelivingroomfloorandimmediatelystartedcounting.Hergrandmother,JackieOelfke,thoughtshewasplayingasshecarefullylinedupthecoins,butthenshesawthegirlputthecoinsintoaplasticbagandplaceitinherbackpack.“Whatareyoudoingwiththatmoney?”Jackieaskedhergranddaughter.“I’mtakingittoschool,”Sunshinereplied.“I’mgoingtotakeitformilkmoney.MyfriendLayladoesn’tgetmilk—hermomdoesn’thavemilkmoneyandIdo.”Jackie’sheartmeltedatSunshine’swords.Chokedwithstrongfeelings,Jackieheldhersweetgranddaughtertightlyinherarms.LastweekJackieandSunshinemetwithherteacher,RitaHausher,andhandedherthe$30thekindergartnerhadsaved.Thereare20kidsinSunshine’sclassandabouthalfdon’tgetmilk.Itcosts$0.45acarton(紙盒).Thetotaladdsuptoabout$180amonthforeverychildintheclasstohavemilkeveryday.AfterdroppingSunshineoffatschool,JackiepostedatearfulvideoonFacebooktoexplainhergranddaughter’splan.Tohersurprise,manypeopleofferedtodonatetowardthecause.Withinaweek,Jackieraisedmorethan$1,000.NoweverystudentinSunshine’sclasscangetfreemilkfortherestoftheyear.JackiesaidSunshinedoesn’tseeherkindactasabigdeal.Shewasjusttryingtolookoutforherfriends.“Shedoesn’tunderstandtheeffectshe’sbroughtabout,”Jackiesaid.“Butnowsheknowsshecandowhateversheputshermindto.”24.WhydidSunshineemptyherpiggybank?A.Shehopedtoshowoffhersavingsinclass. B.Sheneededtotrainhercountingskills.C.Shewantedtoplaywiththecoins. D.Sheintendedtopayforherfriend’smilk.25.HowdidJackiefeeluponhearingSunshine’swords?A.Relieved. B.Touched. C.Curious. D.Proud.26.InJackie’seyes,whatdidSunshinelearnfromtheexperience?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.SmallCoins,BigChanges. B.Jackie’sPiggyBank.C.PiggyBankandCartonMilk. D.AMovedGrandmother.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述小女孩Sunshine用自己存錢(qián)罐里面的零錢(qián)幫助朋友買(mǎi)牛奶，并起到了連鎖反應(yīng)，最后在許多人的捐贈(zèng)下，讓班里的所有孩子們都能喝到免費(fèi)的牛奶?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“I’mgoingtotakeitformilkmoney.MyfriendLayladoesn’tgetmilk—hermomdoesn’thavemilkmoneyandIdo.(我要拿它當(dāng)牛奶錢(qián)。我的朋友蕾拉沒(méi)有牛奶——她媽媽沒(méi)有牛奶錢(qián)，我也有)”可知，Sunshine掏空她的存錢(qián)罐是為了給她的朋友買(mǎi)牛奶。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Jackie’sheartmeltedatSunshine’swords.Chokedwithstrongfeelings,Jackieheldhersweetgranddaughtertightlyinherarms.(Sunshine的話使Jackie的心都融化了。被強(qiáng)烈的感情所窒息，Jackie緊緊地把她甜美的孫女抱在懷里)”可推知，Sunshine的話使Jackie觸動(dòng)很深，很感動(dòng)。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“JackiesaidSunshinedoesn’tseeherkindactasabigdeal.Shewasjusttryingtolookoutforherfriends.“Shedoesn’tunderstandtheeffectshe’sbroughtabout,”Jackiesaid.“Butnowsheknowsshecandowhateversheputshermindto.”(Jackie說(shuō)Sunshine并不認(rèn)為她的善良行為有什么大不了的。她只是想照顧她的朋友?！八幻靼鬃约核鶐?lái)的影響，”Jackie說(shuō)?！暗F(xiàn)在她知道只要用心，她可以做到任何她想做的事情?！?”可推知，在Jackie看來(lái)，只要Sunshine用心，她可以做到任何她想做的事情。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Twoweeksago,a5-year-oldgirlnamedSunshineOelfkeemptiedoutherpiggybank(存錢(qián)罐)ontothelivingroomfloorandimmediatelystartedcounting.Hergrandmother,JackieOelfke,thoughtshewasplayingasshecarefullylinedupthecoins,butthenshesawthegirlputthecoinsintoaplasticbagandplaceitinherbackpack.(兩周前，一個(gè)名叫SunshineOelfke的5歲女孩把她的存錢(qián)罐倒在客廳地板上，并立即開(kāi)始數(shù)。她的祖母JackieOelfke在仔細(xì)排列硬幣時(shí)以為自己在玩，但后來(lái)她看到女孩把硬幣放進(jìn)一個(gè)塑料袋，放在背包里)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述小女孩Sunshine用自己存錢(qián)罐里面的零錢(qián)幫助朋友買(mǎi)牛奶，并起到了連鎖反應(yīng)，最后在許多人的捐贈(zèng)下，讓班里的所有孩子們都能喝到免費(fèi)的牛奶。由此可知，SmallCoins,BigChanges(小硬幣，大變革)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。CParentswhowanttheirkidstosucceedmorethananythingarenowbeingsoldahigh-techsolution.Class120is$199-a-yearsmartphoneappthattracksteenagersandalertsparentsifthekidisn’tinhisorherscheduledclass.Isitagoodideaforparentstotrackwhethertheiryoungadultsareinclass?Inshort:No.Thisisaterribleidea.Oneofthefundamentalpurposesofacollegeislearningtobeanindependentperson.Thatmeanslearninghowtodowhatneedstobedone,whetheroneparticularlyfeelslikedoingitornot.It’seasytoseewhyparentsarekeenontrackingtheirkids.Astudentisadmittedtocollegebyaprocessthatfocusesmainlyongradesandscores.Monitoringgradesandscoresiseasy.Theparentsmaythinkthat:“Ourchildissucceeding.Wearegoodparents.Wearehappy.”Butgradesandscorescan’ttelleverything.Theydon’ttakeintoaccountwhethertheirkidshavethestrengthofself-discipline(自律)andtheskillneededtocareforhimselforherself.Monitoringthedevelopmentofcharacterismuchharderforparents.Charactergrowthhappensthroughencountering(遇到)andlearningtodealwithdisappointmentsandfailure.Youneverknowwhichproblemwillbethepointforgrowth.However,lettingkidsfailcanbereallydifficultforanxiousparents.Theybelievethatsuccessmeansbeingperfectandneverfailing.Thetruthisthatkidsneedtolearntofail.Collegeisanidealplacetopracticeadults’responsibilityandindependenceStudentsneedtomaketheirowndecisionsaboutwhethertogetoutofbedandgotoworkinthemorning.Maybeyourchildhasn’tlearnedthislessonbynow,butheorshehastolearnitsometime.Analarmclock’sjobistowakeyouup,butitdoesnotprovideareason.28.What’sauthor’sattitudetowardtrackingteenagers?A.Supportive. B.Opposed. C.Indifferent. D.Disappointed.29.Accordingtotheauthor,what’sthemostimportantthingshouldacollegestudentlearninschool?A.Avoidingfailure. B.Keepinghealthy.C.Professionalknowledge. D.Livingindependently.30.What’stheauthor’sopiniononfailure?A.Failuremeansthatakidisnotgoodenough.B.Failuremaybethekeypartofkid’sdevelopment.C.Everyoneshouldmanagetoavoidfailureatanytime.D.Failurewillbringmanynegativeinfluencestochildren.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninthelastparagraph?A.Analarmclockisnecessaryforakid.B.Akidshouldbuyatalkingalarmclock.C.Akidshouldgetupearlyforlearningwithoutanyreason.D.Akidshouldalwaysmaintainasenseofresponsibilityandindependence.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了如今那些希望自己的孩子獲得成功的父母可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)一款高科技軟件來(lái)定位孩子們?cè)诖髮W(xué)是否正常上課，但這并不是一個(gè)好主意。大學(xué)生應(yīng)該有一份責(zé)任感和獨(dú)立自主生活的能力?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Isitagoodideaforparentstotrackwhethertheiryoungadultsareinclass?Inshort:No.Thisisaterribleidea.”可知，父母定位孩子是否上課是否是個(gè)好主意？簡(jiǎn)而言之：不是。這是一個(gè)可怕的想法。由此可知，作者對(duì)定位青少年一事持反對(duì)態(tài)度。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Oneofthefundamentalpurposesofacollegeislearningtobeanindependentperson.Thatmeanslearninghowtodowhatneedstobedone,whetheroneparticularlyfeelslikedoingitornot.”可知，大學(xué)的基本目的之一就是讓大學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的人。這意味著大學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)如何做需要做的事情，無(wú)論他或她是否特別想做。由此可知，在作者看來(lái)，大學(xué)生在學(xué)校應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的最重要的東西是獨(dú)立自主地生活。故選D。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Thetruthisthatkidsneedtolearntofail.”可知，事實(shí)是孩子們需要在生活中學(xué)著去接受失敗，在失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，在失敗中提升。即作者對(duì)失敗的看法是失敗可能是孩子成長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵部分。故選B。【31題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后兩段的“Collegeisanidealplacetopracticeadults’responsibilityandindependence.Studentsneedtomaketheirowndecisionsaboutwhethertogetoutofbedandgotoworkinthemorning.Maybeyourchildhasn’tlearnedthislessonbynow,butheorshehastolearnitsometime.”可知，大學(xué)是培養(yǎng)成年人的責(zé)任感和獨(dú)立性的理想場(chǎng)所。學(xué)生需要自行決定是否早上起床去上學(xué)。也許你的孩子目前尚未懂得這一點(diǎn)，但他或她必須在某個(gè)時(shí)候明白這一點(diǎn)。劃線句子從表面上理解為：鬧鐘的作用是喚醒你，但沒(méi)有給出你起床的原因。即鬧鐘的作用是提醒你不要錯(cuò)過(guò)上學(xué)的時(shí)間，但是它無(wú)法告訴你為什么要起來(lái)去上學(xué)。結(jié)合劃線句子前面的內(nèi)容可知，作為大學(xué)生，你應(yīng)該有一份責(zé)任感和獨(dú)立自主的能力，心中有自己的目標(biāo)，能夠獨(dú)立地做出決定，而不是因?yàn)轸[鐘響起了就要去上學(xué)。因此劃線句子實(shí)際的意思是“孩子們應(yīng)該始終保持責(zé)任心和獨(dú)立性”。故選D。DResearchersrecentlyofferedthemostcompleteexaminationyetofthehistoryofpenguins.Theysaidpenguinscamefromacommonancestorsharedwithagroupofseabirdslikealbatrosses.Penguinsfirstdevelopedtheabilitytodive,andthenlosttheabilitytoflyastheyadaptedtowater.Theearliest-knownpenguiniscalledWaimanumanneringi,fromNewZealand.Itisbelievedtohavelived61millionyearsago.Penguinslivemainlyinthesouthernhemisphere.TheGalapagospenguinistheonlyonefoundnorthoftheequator.DanielKsepkaoftheBruceMuseuminGreenwich,Connecticut,istheco-writerofthestudythatwaspublishedinNatureCommunications.Ksepkanotedthatpenguinsareappealinganimals.Headdedthattheyareinterestinglycharmingcreatures.Apartfromtheirfunnyuprightposture,theylove,theyfight,andtheysteal,makingitreallyeasytoimaginethemhavingallthesamemotivationsaspeople.Thestudyproposesthatchangesinworldtemperaturesandinmajoroceancurrentshavebeenimportantdriversofpenguinevolution.TheresaColeisthestudy’sleadwriter.Colesaidtheresearchfoundanumberofgeneslikelyinvolvedinphysicalchangesknownasadaptations.Suchadaptationsincludegenetransformsthatshiftthewaypenguinsseetheworld.Penguins’visionismoresensitivetowardtheblueendofthecolorspectrum(光譜).Bluelightgoesmoredeeplyintotheoceanthanlightattheredendofthespectrum.Genesthathelpbirdsdetectsaltyandsourtastesareactiveinpenguins.Butgenesthathelpdetectbitterandsweettastesbecomeinactive.Thosemaynolongerbeneededaspenguinsfindfoodincold,saltywaterandusuallyswallowthewholefish.Penguinsshowchangesintheirwingonesandareductionoftheirflightfeathers.Penguinsalsohavereducedairspacesintheboneandtheabilitytostoremoreoxygenintheirmusclesforlongdives.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hemisphere”inparagraph2mean?A.Deepocean. B.Earth’spole.C.Halfglobe. D.Largeland.33.Whichofthefollowingmakespeopletendtoimaginepenguinssharinghuman’sinnerdesires?A.Penguins’habitats. B.Penguins’appearances.C.Penguins’characters. D.Penguins’behaviors.34.Whatmainlycausepenguinstodevelop?A.Physicalchangesfromgenetransforms. B.Changesofgeographicalenvironment.C.Interactionswithhumanbeings. D.Competitionswithotheranimals.35.Whatispresentedinthelastparagraph?A.Howpenguinssurvivebyadaptions. B.Whypenguinschangetheirbody.C.Howpenguinsareunique. D.Whatdamagespenguins’genes.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了研究者們對(duì)企鵝的起源及進(jìn)化史所做的研究結(jié)果。【32題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下一句“TheGalapagospenguinistheonlyonefoundnorthoftheequator.”（加拉帕戈斯企鵝是唯一在赤道以北發(fā)現(xiàn)的企鵝。）可知，企鵝主要的居住地應(yīng)該是赤道以南，即南半球；結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Penguinslivemainlyinthesouthernhemisphere.”中的“mainly”和“southern”可知，該句應(yīng)該表示“企鵝主要生活在南半球”，故“hemisphere”應(yīng)表示“半球”，即halfglobe。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Apartfromtheirfunnyuprightposture,theylove,theyfight,andtheysteal,makingitreallyeasytoimaginethemhavingallthesamemotivationsaspeople.”（除了滑稽的直立姿勢(shì)，它們愛(ài)，它們打架，它們偷竊，讓我們很容易想象它們有和人類(lèi)一樣的動(dòng)機(jī)。）可知，企鵝的這些行為使人們很容易想象它們有著和人類(lèi)一樣的內(nèi)心欲望，即動(dòng)機(jī)。故選D。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudyproposesthatchangesinworldtemperaturesandinmajoroceancurrentshavebeenimportantdriversofpenguinevolution.”（該研究提出，世界溫度和主要洋流的變化是企鵝進(jìn)化的重要驅(qū)動(dòng)力。）可知，氣溫、洋流等地理環(huán)境的改變，促使企鵝不斷地進(jìn)化、發(fā)展。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Suchadaptationsincludegenetransformsthatshiftthewaypenguinsseetheworld.”（這種適應(yīng)包括改變企鵝看待世界的方式的基因轉(zhuǎn)變。）、“Thosemaynolongerbeneededaspenguinsfindfoodincold,saltywaterandusuallyswallowthewholefish.”（這些可能不再需要，因?yàn)槠簌Z在寒冷的咸水中尋找食物，通常會(huì)吞下整條魚(yú)）、“Penguinsshowchangesintheirwingonesandareductionoftheirflightfeathers.”（企鵝的翅膀會(huì)發(fā)生變化，飛行羽毛也會(huì)減少。）和“Penguinsalsohavereducedairspacesintheboneandtheabilitytostoremoreoxygenintheirmusclesforlongdives.”（企鵝的骨骼中也有更少的空氣空間，能夠在肌肉中儲(chǔ)存更多的氧氣，以適應(yīng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的潛水。）可知，最后一段主要講述了企鵝是如何通過(guò)適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化而改變自己，從而生存下來(lái)的。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thethingsthatyoudo,wordsthatyousay,andfeelingsthatyouexpress,contributetoyourchildren’slevelofconfidence._____36_____,thenreadon.LoveandacceptanceWeknowthatyouloveyourchildren.Butdotheyknowthatyoulovethem,acceptthemjustastheyare,andrespectthem?Giveyourchildrenplentyofloveevenifyouarenotabletodoitallthetime._____37_____.Unconditionallovewillhelpthemgrowintoaconfidenthumanbeing._____38_____Nobodyisperfect.Buttoraiseaconfidentchild,youshouldnotstresstoomuchontheshortcomings.Positiveparentingfocusesondevelopingwhatisgoodinachild,andmakinghimorherfeelempowered.Ifyourchildrenfeeldefeatedbydisappointmentsinlife,helpthemlookatthebrightsidebytalkingabouttheirsuccess.Letthemmakedecisions_____39_____.Italsoempowerschildrenasitgivesthemtheabilitytochoosesomething.Buttheydon’thavetheabilityofanadultandmaynotknowhowtoreachadecisionallbythemselves.PraisewhentheydeserveitItiseasytoblameachildwhenheorshedoessomethingwrong.Andweneverforgettodothat.Butwhenthechilddoessomethingright,wedon’talwayspraisehimorher.Wearenottalkingaboutpraisingthechildforeverylittlethingheorshedoeswell._____40_____.A.MakefulluseoftheadvantageB.Focusonstrengths,dealwithweaknessesC.YourchildrenneedtoknowthattheyarelovedandacceptedD.DecisionmakingisanimportantlifeskillthatchildrenneedtolearntobeconfidentE.IfyouwanttodoandsaytherightthingstohelpbuildconfidenceinyourchildrenF.Butifthechildhasputintheeffortandachievedsomething,appreciateitG.Whenyouarenotawareoftheimportanceofmakingyourselfconfident【答案】36.E37.C38.B39.D40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些幫助孩子建立自信的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thethingsthatyoudo,wordsthatyousay,andfeelingsthatyouexpress,contributetoyourchildren’slevelofconfidence.(你做的事情，你說(shuō)的話，你表達(dá)的感受，有助于你孩子的自信程度)”和下午“thenreadon(然后繼續(xù)往下讀。)”，可知設(shè)空處承上啟下，選項(xiàng)E“如果你想做正確的事，說(shuō)正確的話來(lái)幫助你的孩子建立信心”符合題意，并且選項(xiàng)中的“buildconfidence”呼應(yīng)上文“confidence”，而且能和下文構(gòu)成完整的句子，故選E?！?7題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題“Loveandacceptance(愛(ài)與接納)”以及上文“Butdotheyknowthatyoulovethem,acceptthemjustastheyare,andrespectthem?Giveyourchildrenplentyofloveevenifyouarenotabletodoitallthetime.(但是他們知道你愛(ài)他們，接受他們本來(lái)的樣子，尊重他們嗎?給你的孩子足夠的愛(ài)，即使你不能一直這樣做。)”可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)和愛(ài)與接納有關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)“你的孩子需要知道他們是被愛(ài)和被接受的?！狈媳径沃黝}，并且選項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)ovedandaccepted”呼應(yīng)主題，故選C。【38題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Nobodyisperfect.Buttoraiseaconfidentchild,youshouldnotstresstoomuchontheshortcomings.Positiveparentingfocusesondevelopingwhatisgoodinachild,andmakinghimorherfeelempowered.Ifyourchildrenfeeldefeatedbydisappointmentsinlife,helpthemlookatthebrightsidebytalkingabouttheirsuccess.(人無(wú)完人。但要培養(yǎng)一個(gè)自信的孩子，你不應(yīng)該過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)缺點(diǎn)。積極的父母教育注重培養(yǎng)孩子的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，讓他或她感到有力量。如果你的孩子被生活中的失望打敗了，通過(guò)談?wù)撍麄兊某晒?lái)幫助他們看到光明的一面。)”可知本段講述對(duì)待孩子要關(guān)注優(yōu)點(diǎn)，不要過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)缺點(diǎn)，B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)注優(yōu)點(diǎn)，克服缺點(diǎn)”符合本段主旨，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Letthemmakedecisions(讓他們做決定)”可知，空處內(nèi)容與讓孩子作決定有關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)“為了自信，做決定是孩子們需要學(xué)會(huì)一項(xiàng)重要的生活技能?！狈项}意，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itiseasytoblameachildwhenheorshedoessomethingwrong.Andweneverforgettodothat.Butwhenthechilddoessomethingright,wedon’talwayspraisehimorher.Wearenottalkingaboutpraisingthechildforeverylittlethingheorshedoeswell.(當(dāng)孩子做錯(cuò)事時(shí)，很容易責(zé)怪他。我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記這樣做。但是當(dāng)孩子做了正確的事情時(shí)，我們并不總是表?yè)P(yáng)他或她。我們并不是說(shuō)要因?yàn)楹⒆幼龅煤玫拿恳患∈戮捅頁(yè)P(yáng)他。)”可推斷下文應(yīng)該何時(shí)對(duì)孩子進(jìn)行表?yè)P(yáng)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“但如果孩子付出了努力，取得了一些成績(jī)，那就贊賞?！狈项}意，并且緊扣本段小標(biāo)題“在他們值得表?yè)P(yáng)的時(shí)候表?yè)P(yáng)他們”，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共四節(jié)，滿分70分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。It’sabout250milesfromthehillsofwest-centralIowatoEhlers’