6版 Project 8 課文及翻譯

電子與通信技術(shù)專業(yè)英語電子信息工程學院Project8

DigitalOscilloscopeDigitalOscilloscopeTherearetwotypesofoscilloscopes:analoganddigital.Ananalogoscilloscopecapturesanddisplaysthevoltagewaveforminitsoriginalform,whileadigitaloscilloscopeusesananalog-to-digitalconvertertocaptureandstoreinformationdigitally.Whenitcomestodebugginganddesign,mostengineerstodayusedigitaloscilloscopes.數(shù)字示波器

示波器有兩種類型：模擬示波器和數(shù)字示波器。模擬示波器捕獲并以其原始形式顯示電壓波形，而數(shù)字示波器使用模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器以數(shù)字方式捕獲和存儲信息。在調(diào)試和設(shè)計方面，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)工程師都使用數(shù)字示波器。Anddigitaloscilloscopesgenerallyfallintofivecategories.Digitalstorageoscilloscope(DSO):Thisisaconventionaldigitaloscilloscopeandisidealforlowrepetition-rate,high-speed,multichanneldesignapplications.

數(shù)字示波器一般分為五類。

數(shù)字存儲示波器（DSO）：這是一種傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)字示波器，是低重復率、高速、多通道設(shè)計應(yīng)用的理想選擇。Digitalphosphoroscilloscope(DPO):ADPOtakesanewapproachtooscilloscopearchitectureand,unlikeDSOs,providesZ-axis(intensity)inreal-time.DPOsarethebestgeneral-purposedesignandtroubleshootingtoolforawiderangeofapplicationsandareoftenusedforadvancedanalysis,communicationmasktesting,digitaldebugofintermittentsignals,repetitivedigitaldesignandtimingapplications.

數(shù)字熒光示波器（DPO）：DPO采用了一種新的示波器架構(gòu)，與DSO不同，它可以實時提供Z軸（強度）。DPO是一種廣泛應(yīng)用的最佳通用設(shè)計和故障排除工具，通常用于高級分析、通信掩碼測試、間歇信號的數(shù)字調(diào)試、重復的數(shù)字設(shè)計和定時應(yīng)用。Mixedsignaloscilloscope(MSO):MSOaredesignedtodisplayandcomparebothanaloganddigitalsignals.Itistheinstrumentofchoiceforquicklydebuggingdigitalcircuitsusingpowerfuldigitaltriggering,high-resolutionacquisitioncapabilityandanalysistools.

混合信號示波器（MSO）：MSO用于模擬和數(shù)字信號的顯示和比較。它是利用強大的數(shù)字觸發(fā)、高分辨率采集能力和分析工具快速調(diào)試數(shù)字電路的首選儀器。Mixeddomainoscilloscope(MDO):Theseoscilloscopesprovidethesamecapabilitiesasmixedsignaloscilloscopes,butalsoofferabuilt-inspectrumanalyzer,addingRFdebuggingtotheanaloganddigitalcapabilities.

混合域示波器（MDO）：這種示波器提供與混合信號示波器相同的功能，同時還提供內(nèi)置頻譜分析儀，將射頻調(diào)試添加到模擬和數(shù)字功能中。Digitalsamplingoscilloscope:Forveryhigh-speedsignalanalysis,samplingoscilloscopessupportjitterandnoiseanalysiswithultra-lowjitteracquisitions.Itcanachievebandwidthandhigh-speedtiming10timeshigherthanotheroscilloscopesforrepetitivesignals.數(shù)字采樣示波器：對于高速信號分析，采樣示波器通過超低抖動采集支持抖動和噪聲分析。用于重復信號時,它能實現(xiàn)比其他示波器高10倍的帶寬和高速定時。Howdoesanoscilloscopework?Therearethreeprimaryoscilloscopesystems:vertical,horizontalandtriggersystems.Together,thesesystemsprovideinformationabouttheelectricalsignal,sotheoscilloscopecanaccuratelyreconstructit.Thisallowstheusertodeterminetheintegrity,predictability,andreliabilityofthesesignalsfortheirapplication.

示波器是如何工作的？示波器有三個主要的系統(tǒng)：垂直系統(tǒng)，水平系統(tǒng)和觸發(fā)系統(tǒng)。這些系統(tǒng)一起提供有關(guān)電信號的信息，因此示波器可以精確地重建電信號。這允許用戶為其應(yīng)用確定這些信號的完整性、可預測性和可靠性。Simplyput,anoscilloscopemeasuresvoltagewaves.Onanoscilloscopescreen,voltageisdisplayedverticallyontheYaxisandtimeisrepresentedhorizontallyontheXaxis.TheintensityorbrightnessofthedisplayissometimescalledtheZaxis.Theresultinggraphcantellusmanythingsaboutasignal(asshowninFig.8-1),including:?Timeandvoltagevaluesofasignal?Frequencyofanoscillatingsignal

簡單地說，示波器測量電壓波。在示波器屏幕上，電壓垂直顯示在Y軸上，時間水平顯示在X軸上。顯示器的強度或亮度有時稱為Z軸。生成的圖形可以告訴我們信號的許多信息(如圖8-1))，包括：

?信號的時間和電壓值

?振蕩信號的頻率?The“movingparts”ofacircuitrepresentedbythesignal?Frequencywithwhichaparticularportionofthesignalisoccurringrelativetootherportions?Whetherornotamalfunctioningcomponentisdistortingthesignal?Howmuchofasignalisdirectcurrent(DC)oralternatingcurrent(AC)?Theportionofthesignalthatisnoise?WhethernoiseischangingovertimeFig.8-1Theresultinggraphcantellyoumanythingsaboutasignal?由信號表示的電路的“運動部件”。?信號特定部分相對于其他部分發(fā)生的頻率。?故障部件是否使信號失真。?有多少信號是直流電或交流電。?信號中的噪聲部分。?噪音是否隨時間變化。Whenitcomestochoosingtherightoscilloscope,thereareanumberoffactorstoconsider,includingbandwidth,waveformcapturerate,samplerate,risetimeandtriggeringcapabilities.Muchlikeshutterspeed,lightingconditionsandapertureofacameraallaffectitsabilitytocaptureanimageclearlyandaccurately,theperformanceconsiderationsofanoscilloscopesignificantlyaffectitsabilitytoachievetherequiredsignalintegrity.

在選擇合適的示波器時，需要考慮很多因素，包括帶寬、波形捕獲率、采樣率、上升時間和觸發(fā)能力。就像快門速度、照明條件和相機的光圈都會影響其清晰準確地捕捉圖像的能力一樣，示波器的性能因素也會顯著影響其實現(xiàn)所需信號完整性的能力。Scientists,engineers,physicists,repairtechniciansandeducatorsuseoscilloscopestoseesignalschangeovertime.Anautomotiveengineermightuseanoscilloscopetocorrelateanalogdatafromsensorswithserialdatafromtheenginecontrolunit.Meanwhile,amedicalresearch