考點(diǎn)39讀后續(xù)寫04修辭手法突破（解析版）

考點(diǎn)39讀后續(xù)寫04修辭手法突破（解析版）【命題解讀】適當(dāng)?shù)男揶o可以讓我們的句子增光添彩。試著比較一下，下面兩個(gè)句子：第1個(gè)句子：Jennywasveryhappy.（Jenny很開心。）第2個(gè)句子：Jennycouldn'tresistherinnerjoy,flyingintothedoorlikeabird.（Jenny控制不住內(nèi)心的喜悅，像小鳥一樣飛進(jìn)了家門。）是不是感覺第二個(gè)用了比喻后，Jenny開心的畫面躍然紙上，非常生動(dòng)。今天我們就學(xué)習(xí)簡單的幾個(gè)修辭手法的技巧，分別是比喻，擬人和夸張。這三種在我們的讀后續(xù)寫中，用的較多?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】比喻比喻將具有具備共同特征的兩種不同事物連接起來的一種修辭手法。分為明喻和暗喻。他們之間有什么區(qū)別呢？請(qǐng)看下面兩個(gè)句子。(明喻)

Shenzhenislikeameltingpotwherenewideasaremixed.深圳就像一個(gè)混合了新想法的大熔爐。(暗喻)

Shenzhenisameltingpotwherenewideasaremixed.深圳是一個(gè)混合了新思想的大熔爐。說通俗點(diǎn)兒，明喻就是用明確的標(biāo)志詞來表達(dá)比喻。這些標(biāo)志詞就是“比喻詞”。經(jīng)常有：like,as,as…as,asif。而暗喻中找不出像like,as之類的喻詞，通常直接用“be,bee等詞”。我們來看2021年1月高考浙江卷，故事中的“我”萬圣節(jié)中遇到尷尬事，頭被卡在了南瓜里，請(qǐng)看下面的描寫：FinallyImanagedtoputmywholeheadintoit,likeacorkforcedintoabottle.意思是“最后，我把整個(gè)頭放進(jìn)了里面，就像軟木塞進(jìn)了瓶子里?！边@個(gè)句子中，就用到了明喻，“l(fā)ikeacorkforcedintoabottle”像軟木塞進(jìn)了瓶子里。出現(xiàn)了比喻詞“l(fā)ike”。再看一個(gè)例子，2018年高考讀后續(xù)寫，講的是作者和朋友一起騎車游玩，途中遇狼的故事。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：PaullookedoutthebackwindowandsawthewolfstandingoverMac’sbikeasifitwereakill.意思是“保羅從后窗望出去，看見那只狼站在麥克的自行車上，好像是要?dú)⑷怂频??！边@句話也用到了明喻，比喻詞是“好像asif”。我們?cè)賮砜磶讉€(gè)例句：如果你要形容“她”笑得很美，你會(huì)怎么寫呢？請(qǐng)看這一句：Thesmileonherfaceshonelikeadiamond.她臉上的笑容像鉆石一樣閃閃發(fā)光。當(dāng)我們要表達(dá)“悲傷”的時(shí)候，就可以用下面這句了。肯定要比”Iamsad”要有感覺：IfeellikeIamfloatinginanoceanofsadness.我感覺自己像漂浮在悲傷的海洋中。如果我們要表達(dá)一個(gè)人的臉很冰涼，你會(huì)怎么寫呢？你可能會(huì)用Hisfacewascold.在這里，我們可以用上之前講解過的“動(dòng)作細(xì)化”原則，再加上今天學(xué)習(xí)的比喻，我們看看這個(gè)句子的效果如何？Ireachedouttotouchherface,whichwasascoldastheice.我伸手去摸她的臉，發(fā)現(xiàn)她的臉像冰一樣冰冷。如果你要描寫一個(gè)女孩的頭發(fā)很好看，“Shehasbeautifulhair.”實(shí)在太普通，請(qǐng)看這句：Herhairwasaflowinggoldenriverstreamingdownhershoulders.她的頭發(fā)是一條流淌的金色河流，順著她的肩膀流淌。擬人“擬人”，就是把無生命的事物當(dāng)作有生命的事物來描寫，賦予無生命之物以感情和動(dòng)作或是把動(dòng)物人格化，在讀后續(xù)寫中,使用擬人的修辭手法,可以達(dá)到增強(qiáng)語言感染力的效果,使描繪對(duì)象栩栩如生、活靈活現(xiàn)。比如這一句Starswinkedatmeinadarkeningsky.夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。把“星星”比作人，可以向我眨眼睛，這個(gè)寫作手法和我們漢語中“擬人”是一樣的。比如要表達(dá)“森林里很黑”，你當(dāng)然可以用Theforestisverydark.或者It’sdarkintheforest.如果把這個(gè)自然現(xiàn)象當(dāng)作人來描寫，句子立刻生動(dòng)起來。Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.頃刻間，黑暗統(tǒng)治了森林?！昂诎怠笔菦]有生命力的，但是賦予了它“統(tǒng)治”這個(gè)動(dòng)作后，句子變得生動(dòng)有趣了。關(guān)于這點(diǎn)，我們?cè)谥v解“無靈主語”這個(gè)概念的時(shí)候，也提到過，感興趣的同學(xué)，可以回到那節(jié)課再復(fù)習(xí)一遍。我們來看下面兩句：Thechurchhaswitnessedthecity'schangesinthepast20years.這個(gè)教堂目睹了這個(gè)城市20年的變化。Birdsonthetreearesingingabeautifulsong.樹上的小鳥在樹上唱著美妙的歌曲?！敖烫谩毕袢艘粯尤ァ澳慷谩?，“小鳥”像人一樣“歌唱”?！皵M人”的寫作手法是不是很簡單。同學(xué)們快用起來吧！夸張夸張的修辭手法就是運(yùn)用豐富的想象，過激的言詞，渲染和裝飾客觀事物，以達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)的效果。

比如下面兩句情感描寫：第一句：Myheartwasbroken我心碎了。第二句：Myheartbrokeinaboutamillionpieces.我的心碎了大約一百萬塊。我的“心”當(dāng)然不會(huì)“碎”，更不可能碎成“百萬片millionpieces”。但是“夸張”的手法，讓我們感受到了對(duì)方的痛苦之深。我們?cè)賮砜聪旅嬉痪洌绻阋w現(xiàn)天氣非常冷，你會(huì)怎么表達(dá)？好了，我已經(jīng)猜到了，難道是it’sverycold.請(qǐng)看下面的句子：Itwassocoldthat…Whenthemenspoke,theirwords

froze

intheair.Everythingthey

saidremainedfrozenallwinterlong,anddidnotmeltuntilspring.天是如此之冷，以致于人們說話時(shí)，他們的話在空中凍結(jié)。他們說的一切在整個(gè)冬天都凍結(jié)著，直到春天才會(huì)融化。在2018年高考真題中，有這么一個(gè)場(chǎng)景：“我”迷路的過程中，突然一只兔子跳了出來，如果要表達(dá)“我被驚嚇到了”，你會(huì)怎么寫呢？Iwasscared當(dāng)然也沒有問題，如果用上夸張的修辭手法，效果立刻不一樣？Therabbitmademejumpoutofmyskin.意思是“這只兔子嚇得我魂不附體?！蔽业摹盎辍本谷粡钠つw里跳了出來jumpoutofmyskin，是不是很夸張！我們?cè)賮砜聪旅嫒齻€(gè)句子，它們都使用了“夸張”的寫作手法，我們一起來感受一下它們的魅力吧?、費(fèi)yheartalmost

stoppedbeating

whenIheardmydaughter'svoiceonthephone.

從里一聽到我女兒的聲音，我的心幾乎停止跳動(dòng)。

②IwassohungrythatI

couldeatahorse.我很餓以致于可以吃掉一只馬。③Whensheheardthebadnews,

ariveroftears

pouredout.當(dāng)她聽到這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，她淚流成河。無靈主語改裝法無靈主語的概念極為簡單：用無生命的事物做主語來展開句子。其實(shí)，這種句式結(jié)構(gòu)它向我們傳達(dá)的只是一種思維模式，即一種思考的方式而已。這里，老師賣個(gè)關(guān)子，

在本節(jié)課快結(jié)束的時(shí)候，我將向同學(xué)們揭秘這種思維模式是什么？什么是無靈主語？

舉個(gè)例子：I

love

everybody.譯為：我愛大家。如果出現(xiàn)在口語中，這樣的表達(dá)當(dāng)然最為清晰，但如果出現(xiàn)在寫作中，下面的表達(dá)可能更為生動(dòng)一些：My

love

goes

to

everybody.從例子可以看出，用客觀的事物love代替有生命的I，這就是無靈主語的實(shí)質(zhì)。

我們用下面的公式來表達(dá)，就是：無靈主語句=無靈主語+有靈動(dòng)詞“無靈主語”簡單理解就是“沒有生命力”的東西做主語。比如時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，自然現(xiàn)象等。“有靈動(dòng)詞”簡單理解就是把沒有生命力的東西，賦予有生命力的動(dòng)作。比如上一句My

love

goes

to

everybody.中l(wèi)ove就是沒有生命力的名詞，但是go就是有生命力的動(dòng)詞。但我們?yōu)槭裁匆褂脽o靈主語，它究竟有什么優(yōu)點(diǎn)呢？

（1）第1個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：增加主語的多樣性。往往在寫作時(shí)，我們會(huì)反復(fù)用同一有生命的詞作主語，使語句顯得單調(diào)，重復(fù)。這些總在不經(jīng)意之間常常發(fā)生。

例如

We

don’t

think

so.If

we

want

light,we

must

conquer

darkness.

我們并不這么認(rèn)為。如果我們想要光明，我們就必須征服黑暗。三個(gè)we的使用，使句子顯得平淡，甚至別扭，但如果稍加變動(dòng)，句子會(huì)顯得協(xié)調(diào)的多。

We

don’t

think

so.If

we

want

light,darkness

must

be

conquered.

我們并不這么認(rèn)為。如果我們想要光明，黑暗就必須被征服。第2個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：增使語言更生動(dòng)化。將無生命的事物作主語而展開的句子，往往會(huì)用上比喻、擬人等修辭手法，語言隨之提升一個(gè)檔次。

這也就是無靈主語的難點(diǎn)所在，也是華麗之處。需要注意的是，并不是簡單的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，而是用主動(dòng)語態(tài)去表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。

比如：Iforgothisname.我們忘了他的名字了。并不是簡單地變?yōu)镠isnamewasforgottenbyme.而應(yīng)當(dāng)更為形象的用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示。比如我們可以說：“他的名字溜出了我的大腦?！盚isnameslippedmymind.“他的名字沒有在我頭腦中扎根?！盚isnamedidn'ttakerootinmymind.其實(shí)要寫這樣的句子并不難，只要掌握這種思想，加上一段時(shí)間的練習(xí)，肯定會(huì)下筆如有神。

再比如：Hewassonervous.他很緊張。我們可以改成：Awaveofnervousnesswashedoverhim.一陣緊張的情緒席卷了他。Hewasexcited.他很興奮。我們可以改成：Excitementseizedhim.興奮（這種情緒）抓住了他。第3個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：增使表達(dá)更為客觀。主語是有生命的事物時(shí)，展開的句子往往帶有該有生命物質(zhì)的主觀感情色彩，而如果是無靈主語，則表達(dá)很客觀。

無靈主語并不是英語的專利，在漢語中其實(shí)我們也常常用到。

比如：“我們從生活到......

”可以表述為“生活告訴我們......”

也就是：

Life

has

told

us

that-...

這就是一個(gè)漂亮的無靈主語的應(yīng)用

。再比如:

“海外華人時(shí)刻關(guān)注祖國。

”

可以表述為“祖國時(shí)刻牽動(dòng)著海外華人的心”

Motherland,always,is

drawing

the

heart

of

overseas

Chinese.

我們把這種無靈主語的應(yīng)用大致分為五大類：【第一類：主語是表示情感狀態(tài)的抽象名詞】這類名詞有fear恐懼，excitement興奮等。與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：seize(侵襲，突然控制）,choke(使哽咽)，flood(使大受感動(dòng)，充滿），creep（不知不覺地產(chǎn)生）,grip(緊抓），givewayto(被…代替）,等詞。請(qǐng)看下面的例句：（1）Panicseizedher.她突然驚慌失措。（2）Despairchokedherwords.她絕望得說不出話來。（3）Agreatsenseofrelieffloodedoverhim.他深感寬慰?！镜诙悾褐髡Z是表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞】這類名詞有：thetown（鎮(zhèn)），thefollowingyear（第二年）等。與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：witness(見證）,find,see,boast（有引以為榮的事物）等。請(qǐng)看下面的例句：（1）Beijinghaswitnessedgreatchangesinrecentyears.北京見證了最近幾年的的巨大變化。（2）Thefollowingyearsawthedeathofhismother.第二年他的媽媽去世了。（3）Thetownboastsabeautifullake.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)引以為榮的是有個(gè)美麗的湖?！镜谌悾褐髡Z是表示自然現(xiàn)象等名詞】這類名詞有：fog霧、earthquake地震等。與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：blanket（覆蓋）,e,bring,prevent,strike,hit,threaten等詞。請(qǐng)看下面的例句：（1）Thethickfogblanketedthefield.濃霧籠罩著整個(gè)大地。（2）Anearthquakecamelikeathiefinthenight，withoutwarning.地震到來，猶如夜賊，不作預(yù)告。（3）Therainpreventedtouristsfromenjoyingthefullmoon.雨使得游客無法欣賞到滿月。【第四類：主語是表示身體部位和音容等名詞】這類名詞有：face臉，laughter笑聲等與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：lightup（照亮）,brighten（照亮）,linger（繼續(xù)存留）,wellup(涌出）,flash等詞。請(qǐng)看下面的例句：（1）Herface

litup/brightenedwhenIgaveherthepresent.我給她禮物時(shí)，她的臉上煥發(fā)出了光彩。（2）Laughterlingeredaroundtheroom.笑聲在房間里縈繞。（3）Whenhesawthefamiliarhandwriting,tearswelledupinhiseyes.他一看到熟悉的字跡，便熱淚盈眶?！镜谖孱悾褐髡Z是表示行為和動(dòng)作的名詞】常見的表示行為或動(dòng)作的名詞有如sight,thought,glance,look,idea,feeling等。與之對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞有：strike（打）,arouse(喚起），remind,delight,frighten，overwhelm(壓倒）等詞。請(qǐng)看下面的例句：（1）Aterriblethoughtsuddenlystruckme.我突然想到一個(gè)可怕的想法。（2）Thesightofthescenefilledmewithhorror.想到這個(gè)情景我心中充滿了恐懼。最后我來揭曉在本節(jié)課開頭提到的這種思維模式是什么。在講解這種思維模式之前，我們一起復(fù)習(xí)無靈主語句的公式：無靈主語句=無靈主語+有靈動(dòng)詞。英語常用無生命的名詞作主語,

這是英語和漢語在句子構(gòu)成方面的一個(gè)重要差別。

引起這種差別的原因很多，最主要的恐怕是由于不同民族的不同思維習(xí)慣所致。

在中國人的思維中，往往以“人”為中心，認(rèn)為只有“人”才會(huì)發(fā)出“具有生命力的動(dòng)作”。比如只有“人”才能產(chǎn)生這些動(dòng)作：看、哭、送、說、寫、講、拿等；相反，無生命的動(dòng)詞，對(duì)應(yīng)的是，沒有生命力的動(dòng)詞：如：相吸引、相排斥、變等。

而在英美人的思維中，往往更注意客觀事物和現(xiàn)象對(duì)人的作用和影響，反映在語言表達(dá)上就是多用無生命名詞作主語?！灸M題1】（2022·山東濟(jì)南·一模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ella’sFirstFashionCreationEllawaswearinganewdressandshefeltlikeafamousmodel,Evenbetter,itwasadressshemade!Herveryfirstpieceoffashion!“Whatdoyouthink?”sheaskedherfamily.Theywereallgatheredatthekitchentableforbreakfast.“It’sverypretty.Ican’tbelieveyoudesignedandsewedthatallbyyourself!”Momsaid.“I’msoproudofyou!Howlongdidthattake?”Dadasked.Ellapulledoutherchairandsatdown.“Twoweeks!ButIthinkIcouldmakethenextonefaster.Ihadafewproblems.Ellasmiled.Shehadsomanyproblemsmakingthedress,butrightnowitwasallworthit.Itwasgoingtobeagreatday.Thekidsatschoolweren’tquiteasexcitedaboutherdressasshethoughttheywouldbe,butshedidgetsomenicementsfromsomeofthegirls,soshewashappyaboutthat.Thedaywentbyquickly,andbeforesheknewit,shewasoutsideforthelastbreakoftheday.Whataperfectday,shethoughttoherselfassheswungontheswings.Theschoolbellrangandthebreakwasover.Whentheswingwasclosetostopping,Ellajumpedoff.Whenshelanded,sheheardaloudrip(撕裂).Shemovedherhandtothebackofherdress.Itwasrippedallthewaydowntheback!Herveryfirstfashioncreationfellapart!Ellawassoembarrassed.Ellaspottedherteacher,MissMiller,nearthedoor.EllatookonehandfromherdressandwavedforMissMillertoetoher.MissMillercameupandlookedatthebackofElla’sdress.“Ohno!Anditissuchabeautifuldress!”“Imadeitmyself,”Ellasaid.“Youmustbeveryproud!Youdidagreatjob!”“Notreally.Oritwouldn’thaveripped.”“Well,thathappenssometimes.Evenwithclothesyoubuyinthestore!”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。MissMillertookoffhersweaterandhelpedEllatopulliton._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Wecan’tavoidproblems,”saidMom.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：MissMillertookoffhersweaterandhelpedEllatopulliton.ShehelpedEllaupandwalkedherbacktotheclassroom.Assoonasshesatdown,sheheardagirllaughingathertornclothes.Ellawasverysadandfeltverydefeated.MissMillercametoEllaandsaid,"Yourclothesareverybeautiful.Youshouldn'tdenyyourselfbecauseitisbroken.".Afterhearingthis,Ellacalledhermotherandaskedhermothertopickherup.Becauseherclotheswerebroken,shecouldn'twalkhomebyherself.Whenhermothercame,shesawwhathadhappenedandwasdistressed.

“Wecan’tavoidproblems,”saidMom.“Whentheproblemarises,weshouldfindawaytosolvetheprobleminsteadofplainingaboutourselves.Nowyourdressisbrokenandyoujustneedtosewit”.Aftersayingthat,mothertookoutthesewingbagandhandedittoElla,whotookoverthesewingbagandnoddedtohermother.Thenshestitchedupthebrokenpartofthedress.【解析】【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了艾拉自己設(shè)計(jì)制作了一條裙子，家里人都夸漂亮，她把裙子穿到了，從秋千上下來的時(shí)候，她的裙子破了，她叫來了米勒小姐來幫她?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“米勒小姐脫下毛衣，幫埃拉穿上?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫米勒小姐帶艾拉回教室并安慰她。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容““我們無法避免問題，”媽媽說。”可知，第二段可描寫艾拉的媽媽鼓勵(lì)艾拉解決問題。2.續(xù)寫線索：回教室——安慰——叫來媽媽——媽媽鼓勵(lì)——縫好3.詞匯激活行為類①坐下：sitdown/beseated②否定：deny/negate③解決：solve/settle④縫：sew/stitch情緒類①傷心：sad/upset②憂慮的：distressed/worried【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Assoonasshesatdown,sheheardagirllaughingathertornclothes.（由連接詞assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）[高分句型2]Aftersayingthat,mothertookoutthesewingbagandhandedittoElla,whotookoverthesewingbagandnoddedtohermother.（由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）【模擬題2】（2022·遼寧大連·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasdark,coldandrainingonDecember24.Jameslefthisofficeandwalkedslowlyacrossthestreettotheparkingplace.Hewasverytired.Hetookouthiscarkeyandputdownhisumbrella.Heputthekeyintothelockandturnedit.Nothinghappened.Thedoorwouldnotopen.ThenJamesrealisedthatitwasthewrongcar.Hiscarwasred,butthisonewasdarkblue.“Ohdear!Imusthaveparkedinadifferentplacethismorning,”thoughthe.Puttinguphisumbrella,hesetofftolookforhiscar.Therainpoureddownandtheeveninggotcolderandcolder.Havingwalkedroundallthesidestreets,Jamesdidn’tfindhiscar.Hewasexhaustedandangry.“Someonemusthavestolenmycar,”hethought.“NowIshallhavetogotothepolicestationandreportit.”Thepolicemantherewasveryhelpful.HewrotedownadescriptionofJamescarandthentookhisaddressandtelephonenumber.AsJameswasleaving,thepolicemanwishedhimamerryChristmas.“Christmas!”thoughtJames.“Ohno!I’veforgottenallaboutChristmas.Ihaven’tboughtmywifeapresentandnowalltheshopsareshut.WhatshallIdo?”Whenwaitingforthebus,hegotwetterandmoremiserable(難受的).Hehadnoumbrellaandtherainfloweddownintohiscollar.Hefeltlikeburstingintotears.WhenJamesgothome,hefoundhiswifestandingonachairandlookingforsomethinginaveryhighcupboard.“Whatareyoudoing,Jessica?”heasked.“ThebiggoldstarfortheChristmastree,”Jessicareplied.“Justamoment.I’llgointothegarage(車庫)andfetchthestepladder(梯子)foryou,”saidJames.WhenJamessaw.thewell-decoratedChristmastreeandlotsofpresentsunderit,hefeltevenmoreunhappy.“Whatalovelytree!”hethoughtashewentdownstairs,“Ihaven’tevengotonepresentforJessica.I’velostmycarandI’mpletelywet.Imusthavelostmyumbrella,too.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AsJamesopenedthegaragedoor,hespottedsomething,frozeninamazement._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pleasedtoknowhiscarwasthere,Jamesenteredtheroomwiththepresent._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：AsJamesopenedthegaragedoor,hespottedsomething,frozeninamazement.Insidethegaragewashisredcar.Hesuddenlyrememberedthatitwouldn’tstartthismorningsohejusttookataxitowork.Jameswasoverjoyed.HewasjustabouttorushupstairsandtellJessicathegoodnewswhenheheard,“Meow!Meow!”Helookedinsidethecarandtheresatasmallkittenwithpointedearsandgreeneyes.James’eyesweregluedtothekittenforafewminutesandabrilliantideastruckhim.“ThisisforJessica.”Hepickedthekittenup.Pleasedtoknowhiscarwasthere,Jamesenteredtheroomwiththepresent.“Thisisyourpresent,”saidtoJessicahappily.“Oh,thankyou,darling.I’vealwayswantedakitten,”herfacelitup.Justthenthetelephonerang.Itwasthepoliceman.Jameswastoldthathiscarhadn’tbeenfoundbuthisumbrellawasgotinthepolicestation.Puttingthephonedown,JamesgazedatJessica,joywellingupinsidehim.BathedinthewarmChristmasatmosphere,JameswalkedovertoJessicaandhuggedhertightly.【解析】【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了主人公James在圣誕節(jié)的時(shí)候認(rèn)為自己的車丟了，心情變得沮喪，沒有給家人買圣誕禮物，天下著雨，雨傘也丟了，心情非常糟糕，渾身濕透的回到家里，后來發(fā)現(xiàn)車在車庫里，警察也找到了丟失的傘，心情變好的故事?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“詹姆斯打開車庫門，發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么東西，驚訝地僵住了?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫James發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的車在家里，也找到了給妻子的禮物，以及他的心情變化。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“詹姆斯很高興知道他的車就在那里，他帶著禮物進(jìn)了房間。”可知，第二段可描寫James愉快地和妻子在一起，警察找到了雨傘，James非常高興，沐浴在圣誕節(jié)溫暖的氣氛中。2.續(xù)寫線索：找到了車——發(fā)現(xiàn)了小貓——給妻子送禮物——警察找到了雨傘——高興起來3.詞匯激活行為類①?zèng)_上樓：rushupstairs/dashupstairs/goupstairshurriedly②.突然想起：strike/occurto/hit情緒類①.高興：overjoyed/verydelighted/extremelyhappy【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1].Hesuddenlyrememberedthatitwouldn’tstartthismorningsohejusttookataxitowork.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，so連接并列句式）[高分句型2].Puttingthephonedown,JamesgazedatJessica,joywellingupinsidehim.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）[高分句型3].BathedinthewarmChristmasatmosphere,JameswalkedovertoJessicaandhuggedhertightly.（運(yùn)用了過去分詞作狀語）【模擬題3】（2022·湖南株洲·一模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文.DRUMMINGWITHGRANDPARogerwasfilledwithexcitementashismothertoldhimhisgrandfatherwasonhiswayover.Healwayshadfuntogetherwithhisgrandfatherwhooncedrummedinaband.Theycouldmakethewholehouseshakewiththeirjoyfulmusic.Rogergotexcitedandpracticeddrummingallmorning.Finally,Dad'scarpulledupinfrontofthehouse.Uponhearingthecardooropened.Rogershoutedforjoyfromhisbedroomwindow,"Hi,Grandpa!Listentothis!”Takingadeepbreath,heraisedhisdrumsticksandbeganrockingandrolling,justlikeGrandpahadtaughthim.Jumpingup.heracedoutsidetohisgrandfatherandasked,"Grandpa.whatdoyouthink?Areyoureadytodrumtogether?"Grandpa,givingRogerahug,said."Itwaswonderful,butI'mafraidIcan'tplayrightnow.”DadsmiledatRoger,tellinghimsomeofGrandpa'sfingerjointswerehurtinghimandthatmaybehewouldwanttoplayafterashortrest.Rogerdidn'taskagain.Afterlunch,Rogerwenttohisroomtogethisskateboard,findingsomeonehadalreadysteppedintotheroom.ItwasGrandpawhostoodnearthedrumset.Hepickedupadrumstickandbegantoplay.Thump!Thump!Butjustwithtwothumps,thedrumstickfellontothefloor.Grandpareachedforit,tryingtopickitup,butthedrumstickfelloutofhishand.Hetriedagainandthesamethinghappened.Grandpamovedhisredandswollenfingers,lookingupset.Seeingthis,Rogershutthedoornoiselessly.HewalkedtothesittingroomwhereDadwasreadingandaskedDadtodrivehimtohisfriend'shouse."Davidhasadrumwiththepedal（踏板）andI'dliketoborrowit,"RogertoldDadabouthisplan.Dadgotthecarkeysandofftheywent.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。''Grandpa,asurprise!”Rogershoutedwhentheyreturnedwithabigbox._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Slowly,GrandpareachedouthisfootandpushedthepedalasRogerdid._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：“Grandpa,asurprise!"Rogershoutedwhentheyreturnedwithabigbox.RogerledGrandpatohisroomindelight.Dadfollowed,carryingthebigbox.WithgreatjoyRogeropenedtheboxtogetherwithDad.WhenGrandpasawthedrumwiththepedal,hiseyeswereshiningwithexcitement.“Grandpa,youcanplaythisdrumwithyourfoot,"Rogersaidandthenpressedthepedalwithhisfoot.Thedrumstickswungforward.Thump!Thump!Thump!Thepedalworkedsmoothlyandthethumpsfilledthewholeroom.“Wouldyouliketohaveatry?"RogerturnedtoGrandpawithhiseyesfullofexpectation.Slowly,GrandpareachedouthisfootandpushedthepedalasRogerdid.Thump!Thump!Grandpasmiledandcontinuedwithgreaterenthusiasm.“Joinin,Roger!"GrandpashoutedtoRogerexcitedlyandhischeerfulvoicewasevenlouderthanthedrumrolls.Rogergrinnedfromeartoearashepickeduphisdrumsticks.Herockedandrolled,andsodidGrandpa.Withthedrumsbeatingmerrily,theirjoyfulmusicshookthewholehouselikebefore,notonlythewholehouse,butalsotheheartsofthegrandfatherandthegrandson.【解析】【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了羅杰想和爺爺一起打鼓，但是爺爺手指關(guān)節(jié)疼，拿不起鼓槌，不能打鼓，羅杰看見了以后想起來大衛(wèi)有一個(gè)帶踏板的鼓，于是叫爸爸開車送他去大衛(wèi)家借鼓?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容““爺爺,一個(gè)驚喜!”當(dāng)他們拿著一個(gè)大箱子回來時(shí)，羅杰喊道?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懥_杰給爺爺示范怎么打帶踏板的鼓。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“爺爺慢慢地伸出腳，像羅杰一樣踩踏板?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫爺爺和羅杰一起打鼓。2.續(xù)寫線索：打開——示范——爺爺打鼓——羅杰加入3.詞匯激活行為類①打開：open/unfold②踩下：press/stepon③敲打：beat/strike④震撼：shake/quake情緒類①高興：joy/delight②歡快地：merrily/joyfully【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]WhenGrandpasawthedrumwiththepedal,hiseyeswereshiningwithexcitement.（由連接詞when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）[高分句型2]Withthedrumsbeatingmerrily,theirjoyfulmusicshookthewholehouselikebefore,notonlythewholehouse,butalsotheheartsofthegrandfatherandthegrandson.（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）【模擬題4】（2022·重慶·一模）閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasoneofthosedayswhennothingseemedtogoright.Idraggedmyselfoutofthebedandalloftheroutinesbeganearly.Idroppedmytwoolderchildrenatschoolwithreliefandunwillinglyheadedtothesupermarkettobuygrocerieswithmyyoungest.Iwasn'tfeelinganysenseofappreciationformyfortablehomeorlovelyfamily.Iwasgettingmadwiththisearlyday,andmyson,justfouryearsoldatthattime,wasbeingdifficult.Iracedaroundtopicktheitemswithnoregardtocost,whiletryingtocontrolmynaughtychildwhosebehaviorhadnowaddedtomypletedispleasure.Yes,Iwasthatmother,threatening,androaringatasmallchild.Weeventuallymadeittothecheckoutandstoodinthequeuewaitingforourturn.Afterashorttime,Inoticedthatsomeonehadjoinedthelinebehindus.Iturnedandsawanoldman.Heworeadirtyovercoat.Hisshoeswerewornout,andhistrouserstappedaroundsocklessanklesonthiscold,wetday.Inhishandshejustcarriedasmallboxoflong-lifemilk.Ihadtoomanygroceries.Iaskedhimifhe'dliketogoaheadofme.Itwasn'tanactofkindnessonmypart,alsonotmyautomaticreaction.PerhapsIjustdidoutofasenseofguilt,orIjustwantedhimgone.Afterall,hispresencemademeunfortable.Inthesameway,Ifeltunfortableandavoidedmyeyeswhenpassingahomelessperson.Hedidn'trespondtomeasifIhadsaidnothingtohim.Ilookedathimandrepeatedmywords.Thistime,IwassurethathehadheardwhatIsaid.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Helookedsurprisedanduncertain._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihadtofindhimandgavebackthechange.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：Helookedsurprisedanduncertain.Heaskedmequietly,“Madam,Ipossiblycouldn’tdoit.Areyousure?”“Sure!”Iconfirmed,noddingathimunwillingly.Hewentaheadslowly,paidforthemilk,andtookhischange.Then,tomyamazement,heturnedtomychildandpressedthechangeintohishand.Withoutanymorewords,heturnedaroundanddisappearedintothecrowds.Seeingthis,asenseofguiltfloodedintomymind.Ilookedaroundanxiously,hopingthathehadn’twalkedaway.Ihadtofindhimandgavebackthechange.Outofthesupermarket,anoldmanwithadirtyovercoatandsocklessanklescaughtmyattention.Irantohimquickly,pressingbackthechangeintohishandwithabigbagofbreadforhiskindness.Ihurriedawaybeforeheexpressedhisthanks.Atthismoment,myguiltgavewaytotherelief.Also,Ifeltfortableaboutmyhome,family,andevenmylife,ratherthanbeingmad.Agentlebreezesoftlykissedme.Iwenthomewithmylovelychildhappilyaswellasgratefully.【解析】【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者對(duì)家庭生活感覺并不舒適，帶四歲的兒子去購物時(shí)，兒子非常頑皮，使作者感覺不快。在收銀臺(tái)排隊(duì)時(shí)，作者因?yàn)楦杏X不舒服，讓一位衣衫襤褸的老人先結(jié)賬，老人開始沒有回應(yīng)，作者又重復(fù)了一遍之后，確定老人聽到了自己的話?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“他看上去既驚訝又不確定。”可知，第一段可描寫老人重新確認(rèn)作者的話，結(jié)賬之后把零錢給了作者的孩子，然后走了，作者感覺內(nèi)疚。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我必須找到他并把零錢還給他?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者找到老人，表達(dá)感激，作者對(duì)家、家庭和生活都感覺舒適了。2.續(xù)寫線索：老人驚訝——老人送零錢給孩子——內(nèi)疚——還錢——離開——感覺舒適3.詞匯激活行為類①詢問：ask/inquire/question②環(huán)顧四周：lookaround/lookabout③引起我的注意：catchmyattention/catchmyeye情緒類①不情愿地：unwillingly/reluctantly②焦急地：anxiously/worriedly【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Ilookedaroundanxiously,hopingthathehadn’twalkedaway.（由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句作hoping的賓語）【高分句型2】Ihurriedawaybeforeheexpressedhisthanks.（由連接詞before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句）【模擬題5】（2022·福建莆田·一模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Backintheearly1980s,theideaofhomeputerswascatchingon.Iwasn'tkeenongettingone.Somehow,Ievolvedandhaveownedseveralputersovertheyears.Somedays,Ilovedmyputer,butmoreoftenthannot,Ihatedit.Ididn'tgrowupwiththem,andtheywereachallengetomymentalhealth.Dealingwithmoderntechnologywasmyintroductiontostress,andIknowwhotoblame:mychildren.Theyweren'tsatisfiedthattheirdadandIfinallyboughtaputerandlearnedtosende-mails.Wewerequitehappywiththat,butnextcameacellphone.Thenjusttalkingonthephonewasnotacceptable;theyinsistedwelearntotextaswell.Wecouldn'tgetabreak.IrememberwellthenightthatFacebookbecameahouseholdwordaroundhere.Thosekidsofoursweredeterminedtosetupajointaccountforus.Ittooksomeconvincing.Wefeltnoguiltforgratingon(激怒)theirnervesconsideringthedramathey'dsometimescreatedforusduringtheirteenageyears.Alittlepaybackwouldn'thurtthosetwo.Morerecently,myhusbandandIwereforcedintogettingridofourflipphonesandgettingsmartphones.IwilladmitthatIprogressedintoappreciatingmine.IlikedspeakingtoSiriandfindingoutwhatIneededtoknowinaninstant.IenjoyedhavingInternetaccesseverywhereIwent.Ifeltasenseofacplishment;myhusband-notsomuch.Tothisday,hewouldhappilytakebackhisflipphone.LastChristmas,ourchildrensurpriseduswithyetanotherpopularformoftechnology-Alexa.Thegirlstookoursmartphonesinhandandgotusprogrammed.Beforewefullyunderstoodwhatwashappening,wecouldtellAlexatoturnourlamponoroff,andshewould.Tobehonest,wewereabitannoyedathavingtolearnhowtouseyetanotherdevice,butwedecidedtokeepit.Wemasteredturningthelamponandoff,andonceagainIgotthehangofitsoonerthanmyhusbanddid.IbecamehisAlexacoach.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Onenight,AlexadidnotturnonthelampwhenIgavethemand._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Weshouldthankourchildrenandgrandchildren._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：Onenight,AlexadidnotturnonthelampwhenIgavethemand.Itriedtosay“Turnonthelight”toitcountlesstimes,butAlexadidn’twork.“Newtechnologiesarealwaysunreliable.”myhusbandplained.IsearchedtheInternetandimmediatelyfoundthereasonwhyAlexcouldn’twork.IjustneededtotellAlextosetthelightcolortowhiteorwhatevercolorIwanted,andthenitwouldturnonthelight.ThenAlexturnedonthelightitself.Weshouldthankourchildrenandgrandchildren.ItwasourchildrenandgrandchildrenthattaughtustousetechnologysothatIcouldfindasolutionontheInternetbymyself.Withoutthem,ourlifeisalwaysinvariableandboring.Ourchildrenandgrandchildren“force”ustoacceptandusetechnology,whichseemstoputusunderpressure.However,thefactisthatourchildrenandgrandchildrenletusreallyacceptandusetechnologytomakeourlifemoreconvenient.【解析】【分析】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者的孩子們?yōu)樽约汉驼煞蛲扑]了許多現(xiàn)代科技產(chǎn)品，作者從很有壓力變得喜歡上它們，有一種成就感，但是作者的丈夫不太喜歡。去年圣誕節(jié)，孩子們給作者的智能安裝了Alexa程序，可以打開或者關(guān)閉燈?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“一天晚上，當(dāng)我發(fā)出命令時(shí)，Alexa沒有開燈?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡吆驼煞?qū)Υ说牟煌磻?yīng)，作者用孩子們教會(huì)的技能想到辦法解決問題。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我們應(yīng)該感謝我們的子孫?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者感受到孩子們教會(huì)的科技是有用處的，感謝孩子們。2.續(xù)寫線索：Alexa不工作——丈夫抱怨——作者想辦法——Alexa被修好——感謝孩子們——科技的用處3.詞匯激活行為類①打開：turnon/switchon②教：teach/instruct③找到：find/seekout情緒類①感謝：thank/appreciate②壓力：pressure/stress【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】IsearchedtheInternetandimmediatelyfoundthereasonwhyAlexcouldn’twork.（