非謂語動詞-過去分詞

慧眼閃閃1)Hegotworriedaboutlosingthemoney.2)Sallywassoexcitedatthegoodnews.3)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.Whatdothesentenceshaveincommon?ThePastParticiple動詞的過去分詞2021/5/91一、過去分詞作定語二、過去分詞作表語三、過去分詞做賓語補足語2021/5/92總結(jié)：單個的過去分詞作定語時一般兼有

被動

和

完成

的意義，常放在被修飾詞的

前面

。

一、過去分詞作定語1、單個的過去分詞作定語時一般兼有被動和完成的意義，常作前置定語。eg：alostanimal一只迷路的動物

ausedstamp一枚用過的郵票

aninjuredfinger一根受傷的手指

abrokencoin一枚破損的硬幣

alightedcandle一支點燃的蠟燭(1)Somanythousandsof

terrified

peoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.(2)HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.(3)Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.2021/5/93

【觀察思考】(1)HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.(2)Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.總結(jié)：過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般置于其所修飾的名詞

之后

，表示

被動

或

完成

意義。其意義相當(dāng)于一個

定語

從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中2021/5/94總結(jié)：過去分詞作表語主要表示主語的

狀態(tài)或思想感情等。二、過去分詞作表語Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletters.看完信后,他顯得很憂慮.2021/5/951.用作表語的過去分詞被動意味很弱，主要表示動作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時相當(dāng)于一個形容詞。2.被動語態(tài)的過去分詞被動意味很強,句子主語為動作的承受者，后面常跟by短語。①Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.狀態(tài)動作動作狀態(tài)2021/5/963.表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如:interested,

surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些過去分詞(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表語,表示狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動意味。①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotvery

excited.③Shewasvery

disappointed

toheartheresult.④He’squite

experienced

inteachingbeginners.

②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseems

pleased

withhisresults.2021/5/97bepreparedtodobedevotedtobedeterminedtodobeworriedaboutbeconcernedaboutbeabsorbedindoing/sthbelinkedtobefacedwithbeburiedin準(zhǔn)備好做某事致力于……，專心于……決心做……擔(dān)心…關(guān)心/擔(dān)心……專注于……與……相聯(lián)系面對專心致志于……短語積累2021/5/98IV過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別過去分詞具有__________和__________之意現(xiàn)在分詞具有__________和__________之意作定語的區(qū)別fallingleaves/boildingwater/developingcountry

fallenleaves/boildedwater/developedcountry作表語的區(qū)別Iaminterestedinthebook.Thebookisinteresting.被動完成主動進行進行完成感興趣的令人感興趣的總結(jié)：過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有主動_和正在進行之意；過去分詞具有被動和完成之意；作表語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有令人……之意；過去分詞具有感覺……之意；2021/5/99[歸納總結(jié)]1.過去分詞作定語時，表示的動作在________之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有____意義。此時，作定語的過去分詞一般是由_____動詞變來的，因為只有此類動詞才有被動意義。謂語動作被動及物Specialattention過去分詞作定語2021/5/9102.單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞_____。____________作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語，表示被動或完成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個________。之前過去分詞短語定語從句Specialattention2021/5/911[歸納總結(jié)]過去分詞作表語時，與謂語動詞構(gòu)成____結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和____。過去分詞作表語系表狀態(tài)Specialattention2021/5/912Step1用以下單詞的正確形式填空：worry,interest,arrive,frighten,continue,concern1.I’llbe__________tohearwhathehastosay.2.Themayorsaidthathewas________aboutthe________riseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.3.Recently________soldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood.4.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobe___________withpopstars.5.Hewas_________ofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.interestedworriedcontinuedarrivedconcernedfrightened【挑戰(zhàn)一】2021/5/913ThePastParticipleastheObjectComplement三、過去分詞做賓語補足語2021/5/914賓語補足語的表現(xiàn)形式：帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等）+直接賓語（名詞或代詞）+賓語補足語2021/5/915用過去分詞充當(dāng)賓語補足語

能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞，表示被動意義或已完成的意義，有時候兩者兼而有之。

1.Afterwakingup,Ifoundeveryonegone.2.Thespeakerraisedhervoicetomakeherselfheard.3.Theyfoundtheirnewbikesstolen.2021/5/916賓語補足語的表示法HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustn’tforcehimtogoatonce.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.

(名詞)(形容詞)（不定式）（不定式短語）(現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語)2021/5/9176.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.

7.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.8.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.

9.Letthefreshairin.10.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(過去分詞)（介詞短語）（介詞短語）（副詞）(從句)2021/5/918

分詞作賓補的動詞有以下五類:

在feel,hear,listento，notice,see,watch，observe,lookat,等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。IheardBeethoven’sNinthSymphony_______lastnight. (play)YesterdayInoticedalittlegirl_______stealingintheshop.(catch)Hefelthiscollar________bysomeonefrombehind.(pull)playedcaughtpulled

Specialattention2021/5/919

Specialattention2．過去分詞用在get,have,make，let的后面。

(1)have+賓語+過去分詞表示的兩種情況：①表"讓某人做某事/讓某事（被人）做"

Ihavehadmybike__________(repair)②表“遭遇到某種不幸Theoldmanhadhisleg_________intheaccident.

(break)

(2)“make+賓語+過去分詞”

Theymanagedtomakethemselves___________(understand)inverysimpleEnglish.

Canyoumakethestudents_____________(understand)thetext.repaired.

brokenunderstoodunderstand2021/5/920

Specialattention3.過去分詞用在動詞leave,keep,find后面作賓語補足語Theguestsleftmostofthedishes_________,becausetheydidn’ttastedelicious.大部分的飯菜客人都沒有動，因為它們不可口。Youshouldkeepme______________hiswhereabouts.你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。Ifoundhim__________inanovel.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在埋頭讀一本小說。untouchedinformedofburied2021/5/9214.表示愛憎?意愿的動詞如want，wish，like，hate等后。如：

(1)Iwantedtwoticketsreserved.

我要預(yù)定兩張票。

(2)Hedidn’twishitmentioned.

他不愿這事被提起。Specialattention2021/5/9225.過去分詞用在“with+賓語＋賓語補足語”

(1)Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.兇手被帶進來了,他的雙手被綁在背后。(表方式)(2)Withwater________,wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱,我們就會看到水蒸氣。(表條件)(3)Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解決,我們都回家了。(表原因)(4)Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyes___________hisface.她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他。(5)Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.他仍然舉著手站了一會兒。Specialattentionheatedfixedon2021/5/923Let’sdosomeexercises!2021/5/924I

hadmyhair______yesterday.(cut)cut2021/5/925Thehouseisbroken.Pleasegetthehouse_________(mend)now.mended2021/5/926Isawthem______intherain.(catch)caught2021/5/927unfinishedMymotherneverallowsmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework____________.（finish）2021/5/928用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I’mafraidIcan’tmakemyself_________(understand)clearlywithoutexplainingthequestion.2.Themanagerwashappytoseeallof

theproblems______(settle)so

quickly.understoodsettled

2021/5/9293.WhenIenteredtheoffice,Ifoundthewindow_______(break)andthecomputer______(steal).4.Jameshadsomeflowers_____(send)toSarahonherbirthday.brokenstolensent2021/5/930Errors:Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacarstickinginapoolbythesideoftheroad.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitedforme.Don’tworry.I’llhaveittotypeandgetsomeonetosendittoyoutomorrow.Hehadtroublemakinghimselfunderstanding.5.Withthehillscoveringwithfallenleaves,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.stuckwaitingunderstoodcoveredtyped2021/5/931注意：動詞seat,hide,dress等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動的意義,因此,雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系,但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補足語。如:WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我進來時,發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。2021/5/932(to)do/v-ing/pp.作賓補的區(qū)別：

Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.

(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk..(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.

(字典被拿走了)(to)do動作全過程已結(jié)束v.-ing動作正在進行pp.表被動完成2021/5/933Ioftenhearthegirl____thisEnglishsonginherroom.2.

Thegirlisoftenheard_______thisEnglishsongin