2021屆高考英語“中國(guó)元素”之閱讀理解 自然地理

2021屆高考英語“中國(guó)元素〃之閱讀理解自然地理

一、AsthesymbolicfaceofendangeredspeciesinChina,thegiantpandahasmadesignificant

progressinrecentyears.Inthe1980s,onlyabout1,216pandaswereleftinthewild,butthe

mostrecentcalculationcountedmorethan1,800.

Theincreasednumberscouldbeduetoimprovedsurveymethodsortruegrowthfrombetter

protectionmeasures.Ineithercase,pandasstillfaceplentyofthreats,ofwhichhabitatlossisthe

mainonetosurvival.Humangrowthintheirareas,combinedwithclimatechangehasledtothe

lossoflivableland.Inaddition,pandashavebeenfacingdangersfromillegalhunting.

BecausepandasarenowdistributedacrossChinaingroups,witheachgroupseparatedfrom

theothersduetohabitatdestruction,theChinesegovernmentiscreatingahugenationalparkin

southwesternChinatoprotectthem.GiantPandaNationalParkwillcover27,134square

kilometers,whichisnearlythreetimestheareaofYellowstoneNationalPark.Thenewparkwill

makeanefforttoreunitepopulationsthathavebecomeseparatedfromoneanother.

"Thisprojecttakesthelongview/'BobTansey,ChinapolicyadvisorforTheNature

Conservancy,tellsNationalGeographic,"Generally,pandasaredoingwell.Butwhatwillthey

needinthefuture?Connectivity."

Thepark'sconnectivitywouldgiveisolated（獨(dú)居的）pandasabetterchancetobreed.Giant

pandashaveaverylowreproductiverate,withfemalesgenerallygivingbirtheverytwoyears,the

WWFreports.Thenewparkeventuallyshouldgivethemroomtofindmates,thusresultingin

moreyoungpandas.Afterall,habitatwillremainpatchyuntildegradedlandsarerestoredand

strongerland-userestrictionscomeintoeffectthatmakewildlifecorridors（廊道）possible.

Theparkalsoaimstopromotethelocaleconomy,TheAssociatedPressreports.Anofficial

involvedinthePark'splanningtellsthestate-runChinaDailythisprojectwouldhelpeasepoverty

amongthe170,000peoplelivingwithinthepark'sproposedterritory.Thegovernmentisoffering

financialsupporttoencouragepeoplelivingintheareatorelocate,accordingtoNational

Geographic.Someareasoftheparkalsoeventuallywillallowtourism.

1.What'sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A.Thepresentsituationofpandas.B.Themainchallengespandasface.

C.Thedangershumansbringtothepandas.D.Thereasonforthelossofpandas'habitats.

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutGiantPandaNationalPark?

A.Ithasbeenusedformanyyears.B.Ithasreuniteddifferentpandas.

C.Itissetupbythelocalgovernment.D.ItislargerthanYellowstoneNationalPark.

3.WhatdoesBobTanseyexpectoftheproject?

A.It'llhousemoreisolatedpandas.B.It'llfavorfemalepandaswithbabies.

C.It'llbenefittheprocessofmultiplying.D.It'llserveasacomfortablehabitatforpandas.

4.Whywilltourismgetpermissioninthispandapark?

A.Tourismhelpsgainhighprofits.

B.Tourismacceleratesthespeedofallocation.

C.Tourismresultsineconomicboominrelatedareas.

D.Tourismcontributestolesseningtheeconomicpressure.

二、Fourwildpandaswerespottedatdifferenttimeswalkingaroundwiththeirmothersina

naturereserveinnorthwesternChina.Infrared（使用紅夕卜線的）camerasinBaishuijiangNational

NatureReserveinGansuprovincecaughtfouryoungpandasfollowingtheirmothersandlearning

survivalskillssuchassearchingforfood,inthefirstquarterof2018.

Itwasthelatestidentificationofnewpandacubs（崽）inthearea,whichhasthelargest

populationofwildpandasamongChina'snaturereserves.Thefourthnationalsurveyonpandas,

releasedin2015,saidtherewere110wildpandaslivingintheBaishuijiangarea.Atotalof1,864

livedinChina.

TheBaishuijiangNationalNatureReservehasusedinfraredcamerassince2012tomonitor

pandas,butthisisthefirsttimethatfourpairsofpandashavebeenspotted."Inthepast,we

foundonepaireveryquarteratmost/'saidHeLiwen,directoroftheBaishuijiangreserve.The

youngpandas,bodysizessuggestedthattwoofthemwereayearandahalfold,whiletheother

twowerealmost2yearsold.

*'Thefourpairswerecaughtindifferentplacesfarawayfromeachother.It'sveryeasytosee

thedifferences,"hesaid."Sowecanbesureofthenumber,"Baishuijiangstaffmembersalso

spottedrarewildlife,includinggoldenmonkeys,Asiangoldencatsandgazelles.

Thereservedirectorattributed（把……歸因于……）thegoodnewstothegovernment'shard

workonprotectingtheecosystemandlocalpeople'seffortstoprotectthenaturalhabitatover

manyyears."It'saprocessofcontinuous,growingprogress/'hesaid.

l.WhatcanweknowaboutBaishuijiangNationalNatureReserve?

A.ItishometoonethirdofrareanimalsinChina.

B.ltpublishedthefourthnationalsurveyonpandas.

C.ltisthelargestprotectionarealocatedinChina.

D.ltisthenaturereservewiththemostwildpandasinChina.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"monitor"meaninParagraph3?

A.Watch.B.Select.C.Control.D.Change.

3.Whatledtothediscoveryofotherrarewildlifeaccordingtothereservedirector?

A.Thedecreaseinhunting.B.Theeffortsofreserveworkers.

C.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.D.Theprotectionofthenaturalhabitat.

4.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?

A.Inaresearchpaper.B.lnanewspaper.

C.lnatravelguide.D.lnanadvertisement.

三、MoreandmorebirdsareflyingtosettleinQinghaiLake,oneofthehighestinlandlakesin

China,thankstotheprotectioneffortsofthelocalgovernment.Coveringanareaofover4,000

squarekilometers,QinghaiLakeisalsothecountry'sbiggestsaltlake.

LocatedinQinghaiProvinceofNorthwestChina,thelakeisfamousforthetwoislandsatits

northwestpoint—CormorantIslandandEggIsland.Thetwoislandshaveplentyoffloatinggrass

andvariousfish,offeringrichfoodsourcestobirds.Theislandshavebecomeaparadisefor

differentkindsofgroupsofbirdsandhavebeencalled"BirdIslands".

EachMarchandApril,wheniceandsnowcoveringtheQinghai-TibetPlateau（高原）startto

melt,over20kindsofb汗dsflytotheBirdIslandstolayeggs.Duringthemonths,flocksofbirds

coverthewholeskyovertheislandsandbirdeggscanbefoundeverywhere.Visitorscanhear

thesingingofbirdsfrommilesaway.Thesehavebecomeaworld-famoussymbolofthelake.

Toprotectthisparadiseforbirdsandsupportcallsforecologicalprotection,Chinasetupthe

QinghaiLakeNationalNaturalReserveattheendof1997.Meanwhile,theStatehaspointedout

thattheBirdIslandsandSpringBayofQinghaiLakewerecentralreserves.

Inspectorsandconservatorsoftenpatrol（巡邏）thelake,enrichinglocalresidents*knowledge

ofrelatedlawsandspreadingknowledgeaboutanimalprotectiontovisitors.Theyaremaking

greateffortstocallonpeopletoloveandprotectthebirds.Atthesametime,theyhavebuilt

specialfencesaroundtheislandareatopreventwolves,foxesandothercarnivorousanimals,as

wellasillegalhuntersfrombreakingupthebirds'buildingnests,layingeggsandbreeding（繁殖）.

Asaresult,moreandmorebirdsarecomingtotheislandsforshelteringandbreeding.

l.WhyaremoreandmorebirdscoiningtothebiggestsaltlakeinNorthwestChina?

A.Becauseitisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

B.Becauseitisbeingreformed.

C.Becausetheenvironmentisgettingmoreagreeabletothemtolivein.

□.Becausethepeopletherearebecomingricherandricher.

2.Whatdothebirdsfeedon?

A.Floatingfishandvariousgrass.

B.Grassgrowinginthewateranddifferentkindsoffish.

C.Saltwaterandplentyofgrains.

D.Cornfromthelocalfarmers.

3.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat.

A.over20kindsofbirdscometotheBirdIslandsbeforeMarch

B.flocksofbirdsflyuptothewholeskyovertheislandstolayeggs

C.visitorscanseethebirdsfrommilesaway

D.thegovernmenthastakenmanymeasurestoprotectthedistrict

4.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom.

A.anewspaperB.adocumentC.astorybookD.asciencebook

四、Thescientificstudyofearthquakesiscomparativelynew.Untilthe18thcentury,few

factualdescriptionsofearthquakeswererecorded,andthenaturalcausesofearthquakeswere

notwellunderstood.

TheearliestearthquakeforwhichwehavedescriptiveinformationoccurredinChinain1177

BC.TheChineseearthquakecatalog（目錄）describesseveraldozenlargeearthquakesinChina

duringthenextfewthousandyears.EarthquakesinEuropewerementionedasearlyas580BC,

buttheearliestforwhichwehavesomedescriptiveinformationoccurredinthemid-16thcentury.

TheearliestknownearthquakesintheAmericaswereinMexicointhelate14thcenturyandin

Peruin1471,butdescriptionsoftheeffectswerenotwellrecorded.Bythe17thcentury,

descriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakeswerebeingpublishedaroundtheworld.

ThemostwidelyfeltearthquakesintherecordedhistoryofNorthAmericawereaseriesthat

occurredin1811-1812nearNewMadrid,Missouri.Agreatearthquake,whosemagnitudeis

reportedtohavebeenabout8,occurredonthemorningofDecember16,1811.Anothergreat

earthquakeoccurredonJanuary23,1812,andathird,thestrongestyet,onFebruary7,1812.

Aftershocks（余震）werenearlycontinuousbetweenthesegreatearthquakesandcontinuedfor

monthsafterwards.TheseearthquakeswerefeltbypeopleasfarawayasBostonandDenver.

Becausethepopulationintheseregionswassmall,thedestructionofhumanlifeandproperty

wasslight.

TheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906wasoneofthemostdestructiveintherecordedhistory

ofNorthAmerica-----theearthquakeandthefirethatfollowedkillednearly700peopleandleft

thecityinruins.

1.Whendidpublisheddescriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakesbecomepopularintheworld?

A.Inthe1300s.

B.Inthe1400s.

C.Inthe1500s.

D.Inthe1600s.

2.Whatdoweknowabouttheearthquakesin1811-1812inNorthAmerica?

A.Theykilledalargenumberofpeople.

B.TheyoccurredinSanFrancisco.

C.Theycouldbefeltveryfaraway.

D.Theyalmostdestroyedentirecities.

3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Fewearthquakeswerescientificallystudiedbeforethe18thcentury.

B.Earthquakescanbeavoidedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.

C.Mostoftheearlyearthquakescausedlittledamage.

D.Peoplehaven'tfoundthecausesofearthquakessofar.

4.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Thescientificstudyofearthquakes

B.Earthquakesinhistory

C.Theeffectsofearthquakesonhumans

D.Whyearthquakesoccur

答案以及解析

一、答案：1-4BDCD

解析:1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的habitatlossisthemainonetosurvival,Humangrowthin

theirareas,climatechange以及illegalhunting可知，該段主要介紹大熊貓數(shù)量減少的原因以

及它們面臨的威脅，即大熊貓面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，故選B項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的whichisnearlythreetimestheareaofYellowstoneNational

Park可知,大熊貓國(guó)家公園比黃石國(guó)家公園面積大，故選D項(xiàng)。

3,推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中鮑勃?坦西所說的:Butwhatwilltheyneedinthefuture?

Connectivity.以及下一段中對(duì)connectivity解釋可知，他希望這個(gè)項(xiàng)目能有助于大熊貓的繁

殖，故選C項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Theparkalsoaimstopromotethelocaleconomy以及Some

areasoftheparkalsoeventuallywillallowtourism.可知，這個(gè)公園還旨在促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)孛繚?jì)發(fā)展,

通過旅游業(yè)減輕經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，故選D項(xiàng)。

二、答案：1-4.DADB

解析：1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Itwasthelatestidentificationofnewpandacubs（崽）

inthearea,whichhasthelargestpopulationofwildpandasamongChina'snaturereserves”可知,

甘肅白水江國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)是中國(guó)自然保護(hù)區(qū)中野生大熊貓數(shù)量最多的，故選D。

2.考查詞義猜測(cè)。結(jié)合畫線詞所在的句子中的"TheBaishuijiangNationalNatureReservehas

usedinfraredcamerassince2012”可知，此處表示自2012年以來，甘肅白水江國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)

區(qū)已經(jīng)使用紅外相機(jī)來監(jiān)視大熊貓，由infraredcameras可推斷,monitor在本句中意為“監(jiān)視

故選Ao

3.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thereservedirectorattributed（把......歸因于......）thegood

newstothegovernment'shardw