2021屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三英語《周練卷》（解析版）

2021屆湖南省長郡中學(xué)高三英語周練卷

一、閱讀理解。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，共37.5分）

PassageA

Whentravellingtoadifferentcountry,yoursafestbetistolimitgesturesasmuchaspossible.However,youmay

findthatyourgestureshappenoutofhabit.Understandingappropriategesturesofthecountryyou'revisitingmay

preventyoufromcommunicatingthewrongmessage.

GesturesinBrazil

MuchliketheItalianculture,aBraziliansnapshisfingers（打響指）andusesexaggeratedmovementswhen

emphasizingastatement.Thesenseofwarmthandfriendlinesswitheachotherisshownthroughthegestureofeye

contactwhencommunicatingandstandingclosetogetherinlineupsorwhentalkingtoeachother.Communicatinga

greetingismorethanthegestureofahandshake,butalsoinvolvesthetouchoftheforearm.

GesturesinChina

YoucommunicateagreetinginChinawiththegestureofaslightnodandbow.Tocommunicaterespect,you

keepyourheadlowered.InChina,thegestureofstandingcloseduringaconversationpreventshavingto

communicatewitharaisedvoice.Apersonwillcommunicatehersurpriseduringaconversationwiththegestureof

breathinginairloudly,ratherthanaloudoutburst.

GesturesinRussia

GesturesconsideredcommontoAmericansmaybeconsideredrudeinRussia.TheAmericangestureto

communicate"Okay”,withtheforefingerandthumbtouchingandthreefingersup,isconsideredrudeinRussia.

Lookingatyourwatchisarudegesturecommunicatingimpatience.Russiansalsofeelupsetaboutthegestureof

communicatingdirectionordisplaybypointing.

GesturesinIndia

GesturesusedinIndiaarerepresentativeofitstraditionalculture.InIndia,thegestureofholdingoutthehandto

communicategivingorreceivingmustbedonewiththerighthandasapersoninIndiausesherlefthandforwashing.

Thegestureofcommunicatingrespectatareligiousceremonyisdonebyremovingyourshoes.Theproperwayof

communicatingdirectionistouseeitherthewholehandorbyusingyourchin.Theproperformofcommunicatinga

greetingistopressthepalmstogetherwithfingersupwardandsay,“Namaste”.

1.Whatthepassageismainlyabout?

A.SometravelingtipsforvisitorsB.Theadvantagesofusingbodylanguage.

C.Somegesturesindifferentcultures.D.Thecomparisonbetweengestures.

2.InChina,peoplestandclosewhiletalkingsimplyto.

A.avoidaloudvoiceB.showtheirsurprise

C.communicateagreetingD.expresstheirrespect

3.Inwhichcountryislookingatyourwatchwhentalkingtoothersconsideredrude?

A.BrazilB.RussiaC.IndiaD.China

【答案】l.C2.A3.B

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了巴西人、中國人、俄羅斯人和印度人在交際時使用不同手勢所表達(dá)的意義。

【I題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Whentravellingtoadifferentcountry,yoursafestbetistolimitgesturesasmuchas

possible.However,youmayfindthatyourgestureshappenoutofhabit.Understandingappropriategesturesofthe

countryyou'revisitingmaypreventyoufromcoinmunicatingthewrongmessage.可知當(dāng)至!]——個不同的國家旅行

時，你最安全的選擇是盡可能地限制手勢。然而，您可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)您的手勢是出于習(xí)慣。了解您所訪問國家

的手勢可能會防止您傳達(dá)錯誤的信息。結(jié)合文章介紹了巴西人、中國人、俄羅斯人和印度人在交際時使用

不同手勢所表達(dá)的意義。由此可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是不同文化中的一些手勢所代表的不同含義。故

選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GestureinChina部分中InChina,thegestureofstandingcloseduringaconversationprevents

havingtocommunicatewitharaisedvoice.可知在中國，談話時站得很近的姿勢可以避免高聲交流。由此可知，

中國人在交流中靠近彼此站立是為了避免說話聲音大。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GesturesinRussia部分中Lookingatyourwatchisarudegesturecommunicatingimpatience.

可知看手表是一種粗魯?shù)氖謩?，表明你很不耐煩。由此可知，俄羅斯認(rèn)為在和別人講話時看手表是不禮貌

的。故選B。

PassageB

AtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJinpengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The

23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcredit

cardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.'sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogo

beyondhisonlysourceofincome:the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtin

installments,evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-owpedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfather

hadtohelphimout.

Zeng'sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina'sGenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990s

totheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfrom

anassortmentofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer（P2P）Jenders（網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺）,plusother

channelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasesthe

youngergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumer

leadinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2OO8.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternet

willmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2021,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost

70%.ofChina's50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.

AsforZeng,he'stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself."I

deliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,"hesay,"sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewith

spending."

Regulators（監(jiān)管部門）lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceof

easycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasa

resultofforcedshutdowns.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.

B.HelikedpurchasingontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.

C.Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.

D.Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.

5.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesChina'sonlineconsumerfinance?

A.Crazy.B.Hopeless.C.Controlled.D.Reasonable.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"frugal'*inParagraph3probablymean?1

A.Impractical.B.Hardworking.C.Avoidingwaste.D.Relyingonothers.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?.

A.Overconsumption—ABadHabitB.China'sGenerationZ--HookedOnCredit

C.ChineseYouthIntheE-commerceAgeD.ZengJinpeng5sFinancialCrisis

【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章通過一個上海年輕人靠借貸度日的事例，揭示了現(xiàn)在中國年輕人入不敷出，利用

網(wǎng)絡(luò)上一些平臺借款的社會現(xiàn)象。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments,evenborrowingfromJiebei,another

Alibaba-owpedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.可知他試圖分期償還債務(wù)，

甚至向阿里巴巴旗下的另一家信用服務(wù)公司“借唄”貸款，但最終他的父母不得不幫助他度過難關(guān)。由此

可知，曾家鵬依靠他的父母來支持他償還債務(wù)。故選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容Zeng'sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina'sGenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,

bomfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhave

easyaccesstocreditfromanassortmentofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer（P2P）lenders（網(wǎng)絡(luò)

借貸平臺），plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausing

concern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthrough

technology.Unsecuredconsumerleadinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2OO8.Theamountofconsumer

financeavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2021,from7.8trillionyuanlast

year.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%.ofChina's50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.（曾的故事是

典型的中國Z一代。這些年輕消費者出生在90年代中期到21世紀(jì)初，收入很少，因此實際上沒有信用記

錄。但他們卻可以很容易地從各種銀行、金融科技公司、點對點貸款機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信

貸。年輕人的消費習(xí)慣尤其令人擔(dān)憂。在某些情況下，年輕一代正受到誘惑，通過技術(shù)擔(dān)保的信貸進(jìn)行過

度消費。自2008年以來，中國的無擔(dān)保消費主導(dǎo)以每年20%的速度增長。通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供的消費金融金額

將增加一倍以上，從去年的7.8萬億元增加到2021年的19萬億元。官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國5000萬P2P借款

人中近七成是40歲以下的年輕人）結(jié)合第一段所舉的例子及第二段對年輕人現(xiàn)在過度消費的分析來看，可以

推斷出這種現(xiàn)象是不合理的、失控的、瘋狂的。故選A。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文"Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,"hesay,usothathopefullyIcan

bettermatchmyincomewithspending.”可知曾采用了故意降低信用額度的方式，想讓自己來取得收支平衡，

說明他現(xiàn)在正努力自己掙錢，但他還是想要節(jié)儉一點，避免浪費。故劃線詞意思為“節(jié)約，避免浪費”。

A.Impractical.不實際的;B.Hardworking.努力工作的;C.Avoidingwaste.避免浪費;D.Relyingonothers.依

賴他人。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中Zeng'sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina'sGenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,

bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhave

easyaccesstocreditfromanassortmentofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer（P2P）Jenders（網(wǎng)絡(luò)借

貸平臺），plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.可知曾的故事是典型的中國Z一代。這些年輕消費者出生在

90年代中期到21世紀(jì)初，收入很少，因此實際上沒有信用記錄。但他們卻可以很容易地從各種銀行、金融

科技公司、點對點貸款機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信貸。結(jié)合文章通過一個上海年輕人靠借貸度日

的事例，揭示了現(xiàn)在中國年輕人入不敷出，于是利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)上一些平臺借款的社會現(xiàn)象。故B選項“中國的

'Z，一代依賴信貸度日”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

PassageC

Agroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyeslookingaround.Theylooklike

middleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey'renotsodifferent.

Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectivebehaviour,showsthatthevulturine

guineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocial

structuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brainedguineafowlarerevealingthefaultsinthatassumption.

Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.They

mayfighteachothertomaintaintheirstricthierarchies（等級制度）,butatothertimestheyengageinfriendly

behaviourslikesharingfood.

Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyof

theirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsinuniquecombinations

letresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacksof58birds,whichlet

themseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.

Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroups

withingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.This

isthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyinabird.

AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird'stinybrainsize:"Theydon'tonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativeto

mammals（哺乳動物）,theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,“hesaid.

Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.For

example,ifgroupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroup

it'slookingat—noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimals

adjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey'refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesare

around,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.

“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,"Dr>.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirds

andotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?

A.TheguineafowPssocialbehaviour.

B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.

C.Hisinterestinanimalbrainpower.

D.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.

9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Theresearchsubjects.B.Theresearchmethods.

C.Theresearchfindings.D.Theresearchequipment.

10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.

B.Theguineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.

C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.

D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.

11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Topresentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.

B.Toexplaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.

C.Tointroduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.

D.Touncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了鳥類學(xué)家DamienFarine團(tuán)隊在非洲東部的一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：小腦動物珍

珠雞也有社會結(jié)構(gòu)。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第四段中的Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleagues

beganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety.可知，由于懷疑珍珠雞可能有社會結(jié)構(gòu)，F(xiàn)arine博士和他的同事們開始

對它們的社會進(jìn)行徹底的研究。由此可知，珍珠雞的社會行為和社會結(jié)構(gòu)讓Farine博士和他的同事們有所

懷疑，所以他們才進(jìn)行了徹底的研究。故選A項。

【9題詳解】

主旨大意題。由第四段中的Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsin

uniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacks

of58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.可知，一整年，他們每天觀察441

只鳥。獨特組合的彩色腿帶讓研究人員區(qū)分了黑藍(lán)色的鳥類。他們還在58只鳥的背上安裝了GPS設(shè)備，讓

它們一天24小時準(zhǔn)確地看到每一組鳥的去向。由此可知，這段主要是講述他們團(tuán)隊如何研究觀察的，即他

們的研究方法。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第五段中的Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevel

society.和第六段中的AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird'stinybrainsize:"Theydon'tonlyhavesmall

brainsrelativetomammals（哺乳動物），theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,“hesaid.可知，研

究結(jié)果表明，禿鷹珍珠雞具有多層次的社會結(jié)構(gòu)。Farine博士還強(qiáng)調(diào)了這種鳥的大腦很?。骸八鼈儾粌H與哺

乳動物相比，大腦很小，而且與其他鳥類相比，它們的大腦也很小?！庇纱送浦?，大腦很小的珍珠雞也有

社會結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章大意，這篇文章主要介紹了Farine博士團(tuán)隊的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：大腦很小的珍珠雞也有社

會結(jié)構(gòu)。所以文章的目的是向我們展示對于珍珠雞的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A項。

PassageD

Artistsalwaystreatbusinessmenasmoney-obsessed（迷戀金錢的）bores.Orworse,manybusinessmen,

fortheirpart,assumethatartistsusuallyconsiderthemselvestobemoreintelligentthanothers.Bossesmaysticka

fewmodempaintingsontheirofficewalls.Buttheyseldomtaketheartsseriouslyasasourceofinspiration.

Theprejudicestartsatbusinessschool,where€Uhard^^thingssuchasnumbersrule.Itisreinforcedbyeveryday

experience.Bossesconstantlyremindtheiremployeesthatifyoucan'tcountit,itdoesn'tcount.Fewreaddeeply

aboutthearts.SunTzu'sTheArtofWardoesnotcountwhilesometastelessbusinessbooksarepleasingtothem:

considerWessRoberts*LeadershipSecretsofAttilatheHun.

Butlatelytherearewelcomesignsofathaw（緩和）onthebusinesssideofthegreatculturaldivide.Business

pressesarepublishingaseriesofbookssuchasTheFineArtofSuccessbyJamieAnderson.Businessschoolssuchas

theRotmanSchoolofManagementattheUniversityofTorontoaretryingtolearnfromthearts.

Mr.Andersonpointsoutthatmanyartistshavealsobeensuperbenterprisers.DamienHirsthasbeenoneofthe

mostenterprising.HeupturnedtheartworldbysellinghisworkdirectlythroughSotheby's,anauction（拍賣）

house.Whatevertheythinkofhiswork,businessmencannothelpadmiringamanwhopartedartloversfrom￡75.5

milliononthedaythatLehmanBrotherscollapsed.

Studyingtheartscanhelpbusinessmencommunicatemoreeffectively.Mostbossesspendahugeamountof

time"messaging"and''reachingout”,yetfewaregoodatit.HalfanhourwithGeorgeOrwell'sWhyIWritewould

workwonders.

Studyingtheartscanalsohelpcompanieslearnhowtomanagebrightpeople.RobGoffeeoftheLondon

BusinessSchoolpointsoutthattoday*smostproductivecompaniesaredominatedbywhattheycalluclevers,,who

areveryhardtomanage.Theyhatebeingtoldwhattodobymanagers,whomtheyregardasbeingstupid.They

refusetosubmittoperformancereviews.

Inshort,theyareprimadonoas.Theartworldhascenturiesofexperienceinmanagingsuchdifficultpeople.

Directorspersuadeactressestocooperatewithactorstheyhate.Theirtipsmightbeworthhearing.

12.Whichbookcombinestheartswithbusiness?

A.WhyIWrite.B.TheArtofWar.

C.TheFineArtofSuccess.D.LeadershipSecretsofAttilatheHun.

13.WhatkindofpersonisDamienHirstactually?

A.Anartistwhoisgoodatdoingbusiness.

B.Abusinessmanwhojustcaresaboutmoney.

C.Anartistwhoseworkschangedtheartworld.

D.Abusinessmanwhohadprejudicetowardthearts.

14.Theunderlinedwords“primadonnas“probablyrefertothosewhoare.

A.quitestupidB.ratherproud

C.reallybrightD.veryefficient

15.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthetext?

A.Goodmanagementtakesskillandpatience.

B.Artistsshouldshowrespectforbusinessmen.

C.Paintingisaspecialformofcommunication.

D.Businessmenhavemuchtolearnfromartists.

【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D

【解析】

本文是一篇議論文。藝術(shù)家們總是把商人看作是迷戀金錢的討厭鬼；許多商人認(rèn)為藝術(shù)家通常認(rèn)為自己比

別人更聰明。作者認(rèn)為企業(yè)管理者應(yīng)該向藝術(shù)家學(xué)習(xí)，以便更好地進(jìn)行管理。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的BusinesspressesarepublishingaseriesofbookssuchasTheFineArtofSuccessby

JamieAnderson.BusinessschoolssuchastheRotmanSchoolofManagementattheUniversityofTorontoaretrying

tolearnfromthearts.商業(yè)出版社正在出版一系列書籍，比如杰米?安德森的《成功的藝術(shù)》，多倫多大學(xué)-羅

特曼管理學(xué)院等商學(xué)院正試圖從藝術(shù)中學(xué)習(xí)。可推知，TheFineArtofSuccess這本書將藝術(shù)與商業(yè)結(jié)合在

了一起。故正確答案為C。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：達(dá)米安?赫斯特到底是什么樣的人?根據(jù)第四段中Heupturnedtheartworldby

sellinghisworkdirectlythroughSotheby*s,anauctionhouse.Whatevertheythinkofhiswork,businessmencannot

helpadmiringamanwhopartedartloversfrom￡75.5milliononthedaythatLehmanBrotherscollapsed.他通過

蘇富比拍賣行直接出售自己的作品，顛覆了藝術(shù)界。無論商人們對他的作品有何看法，他們都會情不自禁

地欽佩這位在雷曼兄弟破產(chǎn)那天將藝術(shù)愛好者們從7550萬英鎊中分離出來的人?？芍?，DamienHirst是一

個擅長做生意的藝術(shù)家。故正確答案為A。

【14題詳解】

詞義猜測題。Theyhatebeingtoldwhattodobymanagers,whomtheyregardasbeingstupid.Theyrefusetosubmit

toperformancereviews.他們討厭被他們認(rèn)為愚蠢的管理人員指使去做什么。他們拒絕接受績效考核。可推知，

primadonnas在此是指那些極其自負(fù)的人。故正確答案為B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。本題題干意為：作者在文中主要討論什么？總覽全文可知，作者通過本文主要談?wù)摿似髽I(yè)管理

者進(jìn)行藝術(shù)研究的必要性及其種種益處，故正確答案為D。

二、七選五。（共5小題；每小題2.5分，共12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項.選項中有兩項為多余選項.請將答案涂在

答題卡上.

16Because,fromwhatIcouldsee,itseemedthatgrown-upsoftenforgot.Ineverwantedtoforget-Iwanted

tobeabletoremindotheradultsandmyselfwhenthetimecame.Ibeganconsciously（有意識地）thinkingthisat

quiteanearlyage.

AssoonasIwasfullyaware（意識至（j）ofmyself,Iregardedmeasalittlepersonandlikedadultswhothoughtofand

treatedmethesameway.Ididn'thaveadollandIdidn'twantone.Iwantedanimaltoys,evenasingleanimal.Why

wouldn'tmyparentsgivemetheonethingIwanted?17

Instead,mydadsomehowmanagedtobuymeafullsetofencyclopedia（百科全書）andbookswithmapsandcolor

pictureslongbeforeIcouldread.Well,guesswhat?Ilearnedtoreadwithoutrealizingit!Later,IfoundoutwhenI

startedschoolanditallcamesoeasyespeciallygeography.18Becauseofallthebooksmyfatherboughtme,I

knewalotofwordsthatotherchildrendidn'tknowatmyage.

Ilovewords.Theyopenedupnewworldsforme.19Parents,pleasemakesureyourkidshaveacomputer.Let

themexplore—assafelyaspossible—letthemdotheirownthingsanddiscovertheworld.

Now,mostkidsleadahappylife.Theycangetwhattheywantfromtheirparents.Butchildrenshouldlearntobe

independent.20Beindependenttodoyourownthings.

A.Becauseofthem,Ireadandthought,andtoday,Iwrite.

B.WhenIwasachild,IpromisedmyselftotrytorememberasmuchasIcould.

C.Ilistenedandheardeverything,evenifIdidn'tunderstandeverything.

D.Inearlykneweveryplaceonthemapliketheteacher.

E.Butmorethananything,itmademefeeluncomfortableandIknewitwasn'tnice.

F.Later,Iknewwedidn'thavemuchmoney,buthowexpensivecouldatoybe?

G.Beindependenttolearnsomeusefulknowledge.

【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.A20.G

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章是一篇關(guān)于描寫我自己的童年經(jīng)歷，在我很小的時候，我父親就給我買書，培養(yǎng)

我讀書的習(xí)慣，使我能夠獨立學(xué)習(xí)，獨立思考的文章0

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文Because,fromwhatIcouldsee,itseemedthatgrown-upsoftenforgot.1neverwantedtoforget.（因為，

在我看來，成年人似乎經(jīng)常忘記。）可以看出選B,當(dāng)我還是一個孩子時，我就對自己承諾，盡可能多得記

住。后句是對前句原因的解釋。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本段描寫作者小時候搞不懂很多事情，及下一段開頭Instead,mydadsomehowmanaged

tobuymeafullsetofencyclopedia（百科全書）andbookswithmapsandcolorpictureslongbeforeIcouldread.（相

反，在我還不會讀書的時候，我爸爸就設(shè)法給我買了一整套百科全書和帶有地圖和彩色圖片的書籍。）這里

選選F最合適，后來我知道我們沒有很多錢,但是買一個玩具能有多貴？選擇項中的atoy與前文中的animal

toys相一致。故選F。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)Later,IfoundoutwhenIstartedschoolanditallcamesoeasyespeciallygeography』后來，當(dāng)我開始上學(xué)的

時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都變得很容易，尤其是地理。）可知，這里的geography與選擇項的everyplaceonthemap

相一致。所以D選擇項“我?guī)缀跸衲俏焕蠋熞粯又赖貓D上的每一個地方?！弊詈线m。故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文Ilovewords.Theyopenedupnewworldsforme.（我喜歡文字。他們?yōu)槲掖蜷_了新的世界。），選擇項

中的代詞them即指代這里的words。所以A選擇項“因為他們，我閱讀和思考，今天，我寫作?！弊詈线m。

故選Ao

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前句Butchildrenshouldlearntobeindependent4但是孩子們應(yīng)該學(xué)會獨立。）和后句Beindependenttodo

yourownthings.（獨立地做自己的事情。）,可知這里想說獨立學(xué)習(xí)一些有用的知識，選擇項中Beindependent

與前后句相一致。故選G。

【點睛】在答題中，應(yīng)首先略讀一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把幾個選項含義理解透，尤其

注意意思相近，表達(dá)有交叉的選項之間的區(qū)別。然后再細(xì)讀短文，把答案填入合適位置。答題時可以把含

義相近的幾個選項輪流填入同一處位置，反復(fù)閱讀，反復(fù)體會，找出最佳選項，對于實在沒有把握的小題

可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再認(rèn)真通讀一遍全文，看看上下語意是否通順，是否符合邏輯關(guān)系。

三、完形填空。（共15題；每小題1分，共15分）

Myfatherusedtojudgerestaurantsbytheirbreadbaskets.Hisreasoning:Ifyoucan'tgetlittlethingsright,how

canyoube21withbigthings?

Ifeelthatwayaboutcommas（逗號）.Onesignthatsomethinghasgonewronginapieceofwritingisthesight

ofcommas22usedaroundthepage.My23studentsofteninsertacommawherevertheymightpause

betweenwordstotakeinair.Thenagain,anothersignofpoorwritingsistheopposite:acommadesert,nopausesto

be24

Suchabusesusually25thatmystudentsdon'tgrasptheusageofthismark.Butcommasare26.

Theyarelikethefinestitches（縫線）onanexpertlysewngarment:invisible,yetvitaltoholdingthe27

together.Indialogue,commascan28lifeordeath:"Killducks!"vs"Kill,ducks!”Theirabsenceor29

createsordestroysagreatarticle.

Thenagain,Ishouldn'tjudgemystudentssoseverely.Ialsofailedto30thequietdignityofthe

commaunit,ingraduateschool,31Itaughtwritingtofirst-yearstudents.Iremembertheprogramhead,a

firm,white-hairedwoman,fixingmewithherstareandsaying,"Youhavenoideawherethecommasgoorwhy,"I

felt32.HowcouldIhavemisunderstoodsomethingsobasic?

Well,thethingis,commasaren'tsobasicandlearningto33themtotheirfullpotentialtakesyears.

OscarWildeoncejokedaboutwhata34dayofwritinginvolved:spendingthemorning

35acomma,andintheafternoon,onmaturereflection,puttingitbackin.

21.A.forcedB.trustedC.inspiredD.persuaded

22.A.rarelyB.properlyC.carelesslyD.consistently

23.A.lawB.historyC.writingD.engineering

24.A.foundB.ignoredC.discussedD.removed

25.A.expectB.ensureC.indicateD.deny

26.A.simpleB.strangeC.confusingD.important

27.A.bodyB.pieceC.caseD.show

28A.proveB.includeC.meanD.support

29.A.progressB.conceptC.restrictionD.presence

30.A.explainB.questionC.possessD.recognize

31.A.whenB.onceC.unlessD.whether

32.A.amusedB.scaredC.ashamedD.exhausted

33.A.useB.selectC.identifyD.remember

34.A.freeB.hardC.shortD.common

35.A.pointingatB.lookingforC.pickingupD.takingout

【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.D31.

A32.C33.A34.B35.D

【解析】

本文是記敘文。作者通過自己的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷講述了逗號在寫作中的重要性。

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的理由是：如果你不能把小事做好，別人還會相信你能做好大事嗎？A.forced

強(qiáng)迫；B.trusted相信;C.inspired啟發(fā)；D.persuaded說服。根據(jù)上文的Ifyoucan'tgetlittlethingsright可知，

作者的父親認(rèn)為：如果你連小事都做不好，那么別人還會相信你能做好大事嗎？故選B項。

【22題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在一篇文章出錯的標(biāo)志之一就是通篇有隨意使用逗號的現(xiàn)象。A.rarely稀少地；

B.properly適當(dāng)?shù)?；C.carelessly粗心地，隨意地；D.consistently一致地。根據(jù)該空前的somethinghasgone

wronginapieceofwriting和下文中的ofteninsertacommawherevertheymight可知，這里是說逗號通篇被

隨意使用，故選C項。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我學(xué)習(xí)寫作的學(xué)生常常在任何他們可能停下來歇一口氣的文字之間插入逗號。

A.law法律;B.history歷史;C.writing寫作;D.engineering工程學(xué)。上文中的commas和apieceofwriting

以及下文提到的mystudents可知，這里是說寫作課的學(xué)生，故選C項。

【24題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：其次，寫作糟糕的另一個現(xiàn)象剛好相反：沒有一個逗號，找不到任何停頓。A.found

找到,發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignored忽略；C.discussed討論；D.removed移除。根據(jù)該空前的acommadesert可知，另

一種情況則是根本找不到停頓，故選A項。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的濫用表明我的學(xué)生沒有掌握這個符號的使用。A.expect期待；B.ensure

確保;C.indicate暗示，表明；D.