考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年黑龍江省哈爾濱市方正縣模擬試題含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年黑龍江省哈爾濱市方正縣模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwon’tforgetmyvoluntaryexperienceawhileback.Italwaysremindsmewhatpeopletrulyneedisnotalwaysso1.Thisstoryisalessonwhichhasstayedwithmeandhelpedmeeversince.ItwasThanksgivingandIwasvolunteeringwithmymotherata2fortheneedy.Westoodbehindthecounter3foodtowhoevercamein.Itseemedthatmostofourdinershadbeenhaving4times.Theirclotheswereragged,wornanddry;theywerehungryandtired.5,theylookedneedy!Whenwewerebusywiththeunluckyfellows,awell-dressedmancameinwholooked6butpoor.Iwonderedwhathewasdoingthereandmyjawdroppedin7whenhejoinedthelineforfood.Thecloserhecametomyservicestation,themoreImuttered.Whatwasthismandoing?Iwantedtoknow.Surelyhewasn’tgoingtotakethefood8forthosereallyinneed!Hehadsmalltalkswith9andthelookonhisfacesuggestedthathejustwishedto10beingalone.Thenmymother11tookmetooneside,saying,“Youhave12thattheneedsofthepeoplewhocomeheremustbepurely13:hunger,inadequateshelter,clothing,etc.Butthisgentlemanseemstohavenoneofthoseproblems.Whatifhisneedsareemotional?Whatifheneeds14,friends,orjusttobeamongotherhumanbeings?”Herwords15melikeatonofbricks!IfeltlikeIshouldapologizetotheman,butIdidn’t.Aboutaweeklater,froman16source,theshelterreceivedalargedonation.Ican’thelpbut17ifitcamefromthatman.Now,wheneverImeetothers,Iremembermymother’swordsandtrytosendkindnessandblessingstothem,18howtheylook.Needsaren’talwaysvisible.Maybeemotional19isnotonlytheloneliestfeeling,butthemostdifficultneedtoget20.Butkindnessalwaysmakesadifference.1、A．immediate B．universal C．obvious D．similar2、A．station B．hospital C．canteen D．shelter3、A．distributing B．processing C．a(chǎn)ppointing D．reserving4、A．enjoyable B．smooth C．rough D．permanent5、A．Invain B．InBrief C．Inparticular D．Incontrast6、A．a(chǎn)nything B．nothing C．everything D．something7、A．sorrow B．a(chǎn)mazement C．delight D．relief8、A．lent B．paid C．meant D．rewarded9、A．theorganizer B．thevolunteer C．thedonor D．thepoor10、A．escape B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．compromise D．represent11、A．violently B．quietly C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．curiously12、A．grasped B．supposed C．doubted D．confirmed13、A．practical B．mental C．personal D．physical14、A．food B．income C．comfort D．clothes15、A．hit B．persuaded C．a(chǎn)ttracted D．injured16、A．unbelievable B．unique C．unwilling D．unknown17、A．forecast B．wonder C．imagine D．reflect18、A．regardlessof B．butfor C．a(chǎn)partfrom D．dueto19、A．support B．character C．behavior D．hunger20、A．a(chǎn)dvocated B．solved C．met D．providedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly”.Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,“Taketheextraminutetodoitright.”Ialwaystrytolivebythe“extraminute”rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan“ifonly”moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(襯墊)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.Idon’tonlyavoidthose“ifonly”momentswhenitcomestosafety.It’sequallyimportanttoavoid“ifonly”inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay“Iloveyou”or“Iforgiveyou.”WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn’tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe’s84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn’tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay“ifonly”aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI’mdoingtherightthing.I’mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat’sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.1、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe“extraminute”rule?A．Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.B．Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C．Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.D．Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.2、TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto______.A．meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldmanB．keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorC．joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompanyD．finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached3、Theunderlinedword“foregone”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A．wasted B．lackedC．a(chǎn)voided D．a(chǎn)bandoned4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheTwoSaddestWords. B．TheEmotionalWell-being.C．TheMostUsefulRule. D．ThePeaceofMind.Text2Vinegarmakessalad，friesanddumplingstastebetter，andyoucanevenuseittocleanyourwindows．Andnow，accordingtoscientists，itmayeventheplanet'spopulationsurviveclimatechange．ResearchersfromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience（CSRS）inJapanfoundthatgrowingplantsinvinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts．Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture，worriesaboutclimatechangeaffectingtheworld'ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower．ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis，aplantknownforitsabilitytosurviveindryweather．Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought﹣likeconditions，itproducedachemicalcalledacetate（醋酸鹽）﹣themaincomponentofvinegar．Afterdiscoveringthis，thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplants，beforetheystoppedgivingthemwatercompletely．Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days，theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetatehadsurvived，whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied．It'shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfarmersindrycountrieskeeptheircropsalive．"Intheexperiment，wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld﹣rice，wheatandmaize﹣andthebasicplantofbreedingspecies，rapeseed（油菜籽），"JongMyongKim，co﹣authorofthestudy，toldPopularSciencemagazine．Kimalsotoldthemagazinehe'salreadybeenintouchwithpeopleallovertheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleandcost﹣effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromflowergrowingcompaniestoamateurgardeners．Althoughatthispointkeepingthirstyplantsaliveisn'taseasyasjustpouringvinegaroverthem，Kimsaidheandhisteamareworkingonmakingtheprocessassimpleaspossible．"Nowwearetryingtocooperatewithsomefarmers，andalsosomecompanies，tomakeamethodtoapplythissystem，"hesaid．Andforthoseofuswhoalwaysforgettoaskourneighborstowaterourplantswhenwegoaway，hopefullythismeanstheendofreturninghomefromatriptofindourfavoriteflowershavedied．1、Whatisthearticlemainlyabout？A．Theworld'sfoodsupplywillbeincreased．B．Plantsbettersurvivedroughts．C．TheArabidopsisisresistanttodroughts．D．Vinegarcouldbeusedtofightdroughts．2、Itwasdiscoveredthatacetatecan．A．beusedbyfarmerstoreplacesoilB．onlybeproducedbytheArabidopsisC．helpplantssurvivedryconditionsD．beusedtoimprovepoorsoil3、Whatarethetargetplantsoftheexperiment？A．a(chǎn)llbreedingspecies．B．wheatandArabidopisis．C．riceandmaize．D．rapeseedandArabidopisis．4、JongMyongKim'sexperimentoftryingoutthemethod．A．canmakepeople'stripspleasantB．turnedoutaworldwidesuccessC．isassimpleaspouringvinegarovertheplantsD．a(chǎn)ppealstomanyflowergrowingcompaniesText3March3marksWorldHearingDay.Thisyear’sthemeis“Checkyourhearing!”Manyexpertsandhealthorganizations,includingthosewhopayattentiontothehearing-impaired(聽力障礙),areworkingtohelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheirhearingandavoidhearingloss.Whenwetalkaboutmusic,whatkindoffeelingsdoesitbring?Excitement…andrelaxation.Butwhatifthemusiclastsforhours?WeinterviewedagroupofmusiciansbasedinBeijingduringtheweekend.Theyallsaidthathoursofexposuretoloudmusiccancausediscomfort.Oneaddedthatbandmembersliketoplayatmaximumvolume(音量)andforgettheharmthatloudmusiccancause.Thesamethingnotonlyoccurstomusicians.It’salsonotrarefordailyuserssincelisteningtoloudmusiconloudsoundequipmenthasbecomeapartofmodemlife.AccordingtotheWHO,thepracticehasputmorethanabillionpeoplearoundtheworld,aged12-35,atriskoflosingtheirhearing.Wealsointerviewedsomeheadphoneusersinthestreet,andmostofthemsaidthattheyarenotheavyusersbutadmittedtheyuseheadphonesforhoursonthesubwayandintheofficeorhome.It’seasyforthesepeopletograduallyincreasethevolumewithoutawareness,especiallyinanoisyenvironment.Often,headphoneusersfailtorealizethey’relisteningtoaudioatunsafelevelsuntilserioushearingproblemssuddenlyoccur.Therearemanyreasonsforhearingloss,includingloudacoustic(聽覺的)sources,drugabuse,anddiseases.Expertssuggestfrequentmedicalchecksandpreventionmeasures.Whethercongenital(先天的)oracquired,lossofhearingisusuallyirreversible.“Oncethehearinglossoccurs,it’salreadytoolatetobechangedbacktowhatitwasbefore,”saidYangShiming,expertoftheChinesePLAGeneralHospital.“Earlyprevention,earlyidentificationandearlytreatment.Ifeveryonecoulddothesethings,hearinglossanditsharmcouldbekepttoaminimum,”Yangsaid.Ofcourse,thisappliestoeveryoneofus.1、Whatmightbeareasonforhearingloss?A．Listeningtomusic. B．Takingmedicines.C．Ignoringsoundpollution. D．Usingheadphones.2、WhatdoesYangShimingadvisepeopletodoabouthearingloss?A．Getridofdrugabuse.B．Makepreventionaheadoftime.C．Stopplayingmusicinbands.D．Choosemusicwiththehelpofmusicians.3、Whichcanbestexplain“irreversible”underlinedinthelastparagraph?A．Incurable. B．Unavailable.C．Unbelievable. D．Invisible.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PreventingHearingLossB．ReasonsforLosingHearingC．TheOriginofWorldHearingDayD．RaisingAwarenessofProtectingHearingText4Likemostofyou,I’vegrownupwithscienceputtingitintomyheadthateatingCholesterol(膽固醇)isbadforus.Mydoctorhasscoldedmerepeatedlyforlikinghigh-cholesterolsnacks.Butnow,after40yearsofgivingcholesterolsucharap,thescientificexpertsarereportedlyreadytoreverse(顛倒)themselves.Suddenly,we’regoingtobetoldthathigh-cholesterolfoodsarenotbadforusafterall.Thisisn’tthefirsttimesciencereverseswhatitbelievestobetrue,norwillitbethelast.Tooptimists,thefluidityofscience’sconclusionsisagoodthing-provethatscienceisalwayscorrectingitselfinlightoftheverylatestinformation.Butamodemsocietythatlooksincreasinglytosciencefornotjustwhattoeat,butalsohowtobehaveandwhattothink?Howcanwetrustanauthoritythatoftenchangesitsmindinextremeways?Science’stypicalwayisn’tlimitedtomattersofnutrition.Goaheadandcheckitoutforyourselfbylookingatthequalifiersusedinthevastmajorityofhonestlywrittensciencenewsarticles.You’llseethatthestoriesarelacedwithweakwordsandphrasessuchas:some,incertaincircumstances,probably,perhaps,may,could,tends,suggests,indicates,accordingto,islinkedto,playsarolein.ThegraveproblemI’veobservedovertheyearsisthattoooftenscienceanditsreporterscreatetheimpressionofcertaintywhennoneisproved.Thecholesterolstoryisbutoneexampleofthatmake-believecertainty.Howmuchshouldwebeconcernedaboutthis?Agreatdeal,Ibelieve,givenscience’sgreatandgrowinginfluenceonourlives.Attheveryleast,eachofusneedsto-understandthatthescientificworldview—impressiveasitsurelyis—isbuiltonshiftingsands.AsEinsteinonceobserved,“Noamountofexperimentationcaneverprovemeright;asingleexperimentcanprovemewrong.”1、Theunderlinedpart“givingcholesterolsucharap”(inPara.1)meanstheauthor.A．a(chǎn)lwayspromotesuseofcholesterolB．sometimesstandsforcholesterolC．a(chǎn)voidscholesterolgenerallyD．eatscholesterolregularly2、Intheeyesoftheauthor,changesinscientificstatements.A．a(chǎn)reworryingB．a(chǎn)remeaninglessC．a(chǎn)reagoodthinginawayD．a(chǎn)rethemajorwaytoimprovescience3、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTthewordcommonlyusedinscientificarticles?A．LikelyB．SurelyC．SeemsD．Appears4、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Sciencecanblindus.B．Scienceneedbeopentodoubt.C．Scienceisnotasimportantasthought.D．Scienceshouldbebuiltonexperiments.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ifyoutravelorgoabroad,it'snecessarytomixwiththelocalsThisallowsyou1．(put)yourlanguageskillstothetestandfindoutmoreaboutthelocalculture2．(live)abroadforalongtime,I'veputtogether3．listoftipstohelpyoumakefriendsinaforeigncountryFirstly,sayyestoeverything(withinreason)Obviously,ifyoudon'tfeel4．ease,youcanchoosenottodosomethingHowever,don'tputofftryingsomethingnewThegroupofstudentsfromyourclasswhoinviteyououtforacoffeemightendup5．(be)yourfriendsforlife!Secondly,findahobbyortrysomething6．(entire)newJoinadanceclass,awalkingclub,orlearntocookthelocalfood—thepossibilitiesareendless!Thirdly,getoutofthehouse!Hours7．(spend)infrontofacomputerwithfamilyandfriendsbackhomesurelymakeyouevenmorehomesickMakethemostofthenewandexcitingplaceyouliveinLastly,don'tbeawallflowerWhensurroundedbypeoplespeakinganunfamiliarlanguage,youmayfeelitdifficulttobe8．(confidence)andinvolve9．(you)inconversationsEvensotrytomakeyourvoiceheardIt'sverylikely10．youwillfindeveryonewantstoknoweverythingaboutyouChinacreatesHarvestFestivalforfarmersRecentlyChinahassetupaspecialdayforfarmerstocelebratetheyearlyharvest．Itisthefirstfestival1．(create)byChinaspeciallyforthecountry’sfarmers．“ThecountrywillcelebratetheChineseFarmers’HarvestFestivalontheautumnalequinox(秋分)ofChinalunarcalendarfromthisyear，”saidHanChangbin，ministerofagricultureandruralaffairs，at2．pressconference．Autumnalequinoxusually3．(fall)betweenSeptember22and24，4．thecountry’sagriculturalharvestseason．Thefestivalwillgivegreater5．(important)toruralworkandpushfor6．(fast)developmentofagricultureandruralareas．Avarietyofcelebrationswillbeorganized7．(display)theagriculturalharvest，ruraltechnologyachievementsandfarmers’creativeness．Farmers8．(encourage)toinvolveinactivitiesrelatedtotheirworkandlife，9．wasteshouldbeavoidedinthecelebrations．TheruraleconomyisakeypartofChina’seffortstodevelopamodernizedeconomy．By10．(develop)itsvastruralareas，Chinaexpectstoseeastrongagriculturalsector，abeautifulcountrysideandwealthyfarmers．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)．Whyyoushouldn'tpunishyourkidsforlyingGettingyourchildrentostoplyingischallenging．Therearemanyinfluences（TV，movies，videogamesandsomegreatbooks）inwhichliesarecommon．Childrenseeparentslietoothers，ifonlytobepolite．MostparentsaddtothatwithtalesaboutthelivesandactivitiesofSantaClausortheToothFairy，ortolessenfears．1、Themostcommonreactionstochildrenwholieareexplainingwhyitiswrongandpunishment．2、Herearethreebettertoolssupportedbyresearchtouseinstead．PRAISE：Youcouldaskyourchildtosaysomethingthathappenedatschoolthatistrue．Whenyourchildobeys，praisehimenthusiastically．Bespecific：3、andgiveyourchildahugorahighfive．Aimforoneortwointeractions（互動(dòng)）likethisaday．Ifyouhappento"catch"yourchildinalie，saysomethinglike，"Thatisnottrueandcouldgetyouintroubleoutsideofthehome．"MODEL：Explicitlytellthetruth．Thiscouldbeaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenyouwereachildorsomethingthathappenedduringtheday．Itneednotbedramatic．Anotheroptionistoplayagameatdinner．Eachpersontellsonethingthatwastruethatday．Again，givealittlepraisetothechildwhonormallyliesifsheplaysalong．DECREASEPUNISHMENTANDMORALIZING：Theyareunlikelytochangebehaviorordeveloptheconductyouwant．4、Rather，useverymildpunishment（lightscolding，shortlossofprivilege，abrieftime﹣out）．Moreseverepunishments（shouting，takingawaysomethingforaweek，hitting）arenotmoreeffectiveinactuallychangingthefrequencyoflying．5、Usuallytheycanbedroppedbythen．Itisunlikelythatlyingwillbecompletelyremoved，butwiththerightencouragement，kcanbedramaticallylessened．A．Itisnotwhatthatis，butaboutpractice．B．Aswaysofchangingbehavior，theseareineffective．C．Thatdoesnotmeanignoring，lyingorlettingtgo．D．"Thatwasgreat!YoutoldmewhathappenedjustlikeIasked．Wow!"E．Trytheseproceduresfortwotothreeweeksandseewhereyou