電氣工程及其自動化專業(yè)英語 課件 -Chapter 9 Wide Area Measurement Protection System、Chapter 10 Electronic Devices Simulation、Chapter 11 Power System

目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.3Chapter9WideAreaMeasurementProtectionSystemphaser['feiz?]n.移相器；相位器merit['merit].優(yōu)點，價值nominal['n?min?l]adj.名義上的；近似的aliasing['eili?si?]n.混淆現(xiàn)象；折疊失真recursive[ri'k?:siv]adj.遞歸的；循環(huán)leased[li:st]adj.租用的coarse[k?:s]adj.粗略的；粗糙的；粗俗的；下等的navigational[,n?vi'gei??n?l]adj.導航；航行的，航運的furnish['f?:ni?]vt.提供；供應(yīng)；裝備antenna[?n'ten?]n.天線；觸角Selectionisbasedsolelyon().meritdefectharmreputationABCD提交單選題1分algorithm['?lɡ?rie?m]n.算法，運算法則rotate[r?u'teit,'r?ut-,'r?uteit]vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)velocity[vi'l?s?ti]n.速率；迅速；周轉(zhuǎn)率prevailing[pri'veili?,pri:-]adj.一般的，最普通的；盛行很廣的；占優(yōu)勢的；流行的iterative['it?r?tiv,-reit-]adj.迭代的；重復的，反復的

skew[skju:]n.斜交；歪斜adj.斜交的；歪斜的validate['v?lideit]vt.確認；使生效；證實matrix['meitriks]n.矩陣；模型dimensionality[di,men??'n?l?ti,dai-]n.維度；幅員trajectory['tr?d?ikt?ri,tr?'d?ek-]n.軌道，軌線；彈道Soweareburningupanenormousamountoffuelateverylaunchjusttogettherocketuptowhat'sknownasescape().lengthvolumevelocityqualityABCD提交單選題1分Analysingtheconsequencesofanypolicymustincorporatehowbadluckmay()theoutcome.favorableskewcorrectivevirtuousABCD提交單選題1分derivatives[di'riv?tivz]n.派生物；引出物；派生詞sabotage['s?b?tɑ:?,,s?b?'tɑ:?]n.蓄意破壞；破壞活動shed[?ed]vt.流出；擺脫；散發(fā)spectrum['spektr?m]n.光譜；頻譜fingertip['fi?ɡ?tip]n.指尖；指套robust[r?u'b?st,'r?ub?st]adj.強健的；健康的；粗野的turnkey['t?:nki:]n.成套系統(tǒng)；獄吏Heaccusedtheoppositionofdoingeverythingtheycouldto()theelection.supportpromoteexpeditesabotageABCD提交單選題1分Hewasalwaysthe()one,physicallystrongandmentallysharp.approachableunsounduncourteousrobustABCD提交單選題1分此題未設(shè)置答案，請點擊右側(cè)設(shè)置按鈕目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.31Forexample,whenthepowersystemisundergoingelectromechanicaloscillationsduringpowerswings,thewaveformsofvoltagesandcurrentsarenotinsteadystate,andneitheristhefrequencyofthepowersystematitsnominalvalue.例如，當電力系統(tǒng)在功率搖擺時發(fā)生機電振蕩，電壓和電流的波形不是穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，并且電力系統(tǒng)的頻率也不是正常值。目錄9.Introduction9.19PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.29Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.32Itshouldbenotedthatthewaveformissampledbythemeasurementsystemcontinuously,andeachtimeanewsampleisacquired,anewphasorisobtainedwithadatawindowincludingthelatestsample.應(yīng)該指出，由測量系統(tǒng)連續(xù)采樣得到波形，每當?shù)玫揭粋€新的采樣值，就可以從包含這個最新采樣值的數(shù)據(jù)窗得到一個新的相位。3Whenseveralvoltagesandcurrentsinapowersystemaremeasuredandconvertedtophasorsinthisfashion,theyareonacommonreferenceiftheyaresampledatpreciselythesameinstant.當以這種方式對電力系統(tǒng)中的電壓和電流進行測量及相位轉(zhuǎn)換時，如果他們正好在同一時刻采樣，那么它們就具有共同參考向量。4Fiberopticlinks,whereavailable,couldbeusedtoprovidehighprecisionsynchronizationsignals,ifadedicatedfiberisavailableforthispurpose.光纜線路，可以的話，能用來提供高精度的同步信號。如果有專用光纖就能達到這個目的。5Themicroprocessordeterminesthepositivesequencephasorsaccordingtotherecursivealgorithmdescribedpreviously,andthetimingmessagefromtheGPS,alongwiththesamplenumberatthebeginningofawindow,isassignedtothephasorasitsidentifyingtag.微處理器根據(jù)前面所述的遞歸算法決定正序相位，并把GPS發(fā)出的時間信息和從一個時間窗口開始的采樣次數(shù)賦給相位作為識別標記。6Thestate(vector)isacollectionofallthepositivesequencevoltagephasorsofthenetwork,and,fromthetimethefirstmeasurementistakentothetimewhenthestateestimateisavailable,severalsecondsorminutesmayhaveelapsed.狀態(tài)（矢量）是一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)的所有正序電壓相量的集合，從第一次測量到能進行狀態(tài)估計時，幾秒鐘或幾分鐘可能已經(jīng)過去了。7Oneofthemostobviousapplicationsoftheinstabilitypredictiontechniqueistoprovideanimprovedadaptiveout-of-stepprotectionfunction,whichadaptstochangingpowersystemconditions.不穩(wěn)定預測技術(shù)最明顯的的應(yīng)用之一是提供一種改進的自適應(yīng)失步保護功能，這與不斷變化的電力系統(tǒng)狀況相適應(yīng)。

8MaximumbenefitfromavailablehardwarethathavepasseddifferentkindsofEMCandenvironmentaltests,aswellassoftwarefunctionsavailablefromotherprotectionterminals,hastobemade.（我們）可以從通過了各種電磁兼容和環(huán)境測試的硬件及安裝在其他保護終端上的軟件上獲得最大的效益。目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.39Ifthecommunicationispartiallyortotallylost,actionscanstillbetakenbasedonlocalcriteria.Differentloadsheddingstepsthattakethepowersystemresponseintoaccount,inordernottoovershed,caneasilybedesigned.如果通訊部分或完全喪失，仍可根據(jù)局部標準進行操作。為了不至于過度切負荷，考慮到電力系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)可以容易地設(shè)計不同的甩負荷步驟。10Themeaningofwide-areaprotection,emergencycontrol,andpowersystemoptimizationmayvarydependentonpeople,utility,andpartoftheworld,althoughthebasicphenomenatoberesolvedarethesame.盡管要解決的基本現(xiàn)象是相同的，但廣域保護、緊急控制和電力系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的含義可能會因人，設(shè)施功能，世界地區(qū)等的不同而有所不同。

目錄Introduction10.1SimulationProgramwithIntegratedCircuitEmphasis(PSPICE)10.2MATLAB/Simulink10.3Chapter10ElectronicDevicesSimulationnegotiation[ni,ɡ?u?i'ei??n,-si-]n.談判,磋商electrolytic[i,lektr?u'litik].adj.電解的,由電解產(chǎn)生的snapshot

['sn?p??t]n.快照,急射,簡單印象PROBE[pr?ub]n.探針,探測器element

['elim?nt]n.成分,元件methodology

[,meθ?'d?l?d?i]n.方法學,方法論DesignManagern.設(shè)計管理器checkpoint

['t?ekp?int]n.檢查點;檢驗點double-clickingn.雙擊defaultvaluen.默認值，缺省值parenthesis[p?'renθisis]n.插入語,附帶,插曲,圓括號nodal['n?ud?l]adj.節(jié)的,結(jié)的,節(jié)似的coefficient[,k?ui'fi??nt]n.系數(shù)computation[,k?mpju'tei??n]n.計算,估計toolbox['tu:l,b?ks]n.工具箱nonlinear[n?n'lini?]adj.非線性的Toolbarn.工具欄contenttree

n.目錄樹graphical['ɡr?fik?l]adj.繪成圖畫似的,繪畫的interface['int?feis]n.分界面,接觸面,界面prompt

[pr?mpt]vt.提示,鼓動dialogboxn.對話框wavepropagationn．波形傳播VoltageMeasurementn．電壓測量integration[,inti'ɡrei??n]n．積分block[bl?k]n．模塊gain[ɡein]n．增益目錄Introduction10.1SimulationProgramwithIntegratedCircuitEmphasis(PSPICE)10.2MATLAB/Simulink10.31．Furthercomplicatingtheanalyst’sroleisthefactthatthesystemisoftensononlinearthattheonlywaytounderstanditisthroughsimulation. 事實上將來的分析任務(wù)會更加復雜，因為系統(tǒng)通常是強非線性的。因此了解它的唯一方式只能通過仿真。目錄Introduction10.1SimulationProgramwithIntegratedCircuitEmphasis(PSPICE)10.2MATLAB/Simulink10.32．Formanycircuitsimulations,workingfromthecircuitschematicismuchmoreconvenientthanperformingthesimulationsusingcircuitfiles.

對于很多電路仿真來說，用電路的原理圖仿真要比用電路文件仿真方便的多。3．DesignManagerletsyoumanagedesignfilesandtheirdependenciesasoneunit.Ithaspowerfulfilemanagementfeaturesthatletyouperformfilemanagementactivitiesonentiredesigns,aswellasarchiveandrestoreentiredesignsforportabilityandstorage.

設(shè)計管理器可以讓你將設(shè)計文件及其從屬項作為一個單元進行統(tǒng)一管理。它具有很強的文件管理功能，使你可以對整個設(shè)計執(zhí)行行文件管理活動，以及設(shè)計文檔的歸檔與恢復，以便于攜帶和存儲。4．Whencopyingallfilesintheworkspace,alldependencylevelsareavailable.Ifworkspaceorexternaldependencieshaveexternaldependencies,thoseexternaldependencieswillbecopiedtoo.當在工作空間中拷貝所有的文件時，所有的從屬文件也都是可拷貝的。當你選擇了一個包含有外部從屬文件的文件時，那些外部的從屬文件也會被拷貝。5．Diodemodelstakeintoaccounttheforwardandreversebiascharacteristicsofrealdiodes,thejunctioncapacitance,theohmicresistanceofthediode,thetemperatureeffectsonthediodecharacteristics,andleakagecurrentandhighlevelinjectionofrealdiodes.二極管的模型考慮了實際二極管的正向和反向偏置特性、結(jié)電容、電阻歐姆值、溫度對其特性的影響，以及實際二極管的漏電流和高注入電流等。目錄Introduction10.1SimulationProgramwithIntegratedCircuitEmphasis(PSPICE)10.2MATLAB/Simulink10.36．ThecapabilitiesofSimPowerSystemssoftwareformodelingatypicalelectricalsystemareillustratedindemonstrationfiles.Andforuserswhowanttorefreshtheirknowledgeofpowersystemtheory,therearealsoself-learningcasestudies.采用SimPowerSystems軟件構(gòu)建典型電氣系統(tǒng)模型的性能在示例文件中進行了說明。對于那些想提高自身電力系統(tǒng)理論知識的用戶來說，也有一些自學的例子。7．ThegraphicaluserinterfacemakesuseoftheSimulinkfunctionalitytointerconnectvariouselectricalcomponents.Theelectricalcomponentsaregroupedinalibrarycalledpowerlib.

用戶圖形界面利用Simulink的功能將各種不同的電子元件相互連接在一起。這些電子元件組合在一起稱為電力元件庫。8．Thismodelcannotbesimulatedasalinearsystembecauseadelaycorrespondstoaninfinitenumberofstates.這個模型不能用作線性系統(tǒng)仿真，因為一個延遲就對應(yīng)無數(shù)個狀態(tài)。目錄Introduction11.1OfflineSimulationSoftwares11.2Real-TimeDigitalSimulator(RTDS)11.3Chapter11PowerSystemSimulationSoftwaresgraphical['ɡr?fik?l]adj.繪畫的；生動的；圖解的auxiliary[?:ɡ'zilj?ri]n.助動詞；輔助者，輔助物；附屬機構(gòu)adj.輔助的；副的；附加的manipulation[m?,nipju'lei??n]n.操作；操縱；處理；篡改intimate['intim?t]adj.親密的；私人的；n.知己vt.暗示；通知；宣布licensed['lais?nst]adj.得到許可的（等于licenced）v.許可；批準（license的過去分詞）interactive[,int?r'?ktiv]adj.交互式的；相互作用的implementedv.實施（implement的過去分詞形式）；執(zhí)行adj.應(yīng)用的memorization[,mem?rai'zei??n,-ri'z-]n.記?。话涤泃edious['ti:di?s,'ti:d??s]adj.沉悶的；冗長乏味的[比較級moretedious最高級mosttedious]scenarios[si'na:ri?u]n.情節(jié)；腳本；情景介紹（scenario的復數(shù)）aforementioned[?'f?:,men??nd]adj.上述的；前面提及的hierarchically[,hai?'r?kik?li]adv.分層次，分等級地snapshot['sn?p??t]n.快照，快相；vt.給…拍快照vi.拍快照superficially['su:p?'fi??li]adv.表面地；淺薄地cycloconverter[,saikl?uk?n'v?:t?]n.回旋轉(zhuǎn)換器，交-交變頻器geomagneticallyadv.geomagnetic的變形geomagnetic[,d?i(:)?um?ɡ'netik]adj.1.地磁的2.地磁場的ferroresonance['fer?u'rez?un?ns]n.鐵磁諧振，鐵諧振diesel[['di:z?l]]n.柴油機；柴油；（俚）健康的身體adj.內(nèi)燃機傳動的；供內(nèi)燃機用的s