03閱讀理解cd篇-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語臨考題號押題(浙江杭州卷)

03押浙江杭州卷23-30題閱讀理解C、D篇說明文是通過解說事物、闡明事理，使人們增長知識和技能。說明文是高考英語閱讀理解題中的重點內(nèi)容之一。說明文具有與自己特點相適應(yīng)的說明方法，因此說明文結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，專業(yè)術(shù)語多，易于拉開考生分數(shù)檔次，便于高校分層次選拔人才。然而對于考生來說說明文抽象度高，解題難度大。高考對說明文的考查多為科普知識，動植物特性、自然現(xiàn)象和新產(chǎn)品、新工藝介紹以及人文地理、風(fēng)土人情等方面的說明文，文中解釋性、定義性、說明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)特點和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對其做出準確的語意理解。說明文主旨大意題：歸納大意型和主旨提煉性說明文多是說明某種物體或者現(xiàn)象背后的原因和做法，把握what,why,how等有助于總結(jié)篇章主旨。說明文的段落含義較為清晰，分析段落結(jié)構(gòu)把握段落主旨有助于把控全文主旨。說明文的寫作意圖是：猜詞詞義的解題技巧是：1.拆句知義，在本句中尋找線索，利用好近義詞和反義詞。2.望文生義，根據(jù)上下文利用好定義釋義舉例等。細節(jié)理解題：細節(jié)題推斷題:根據(jù)文章中個某一個或幾個細節(jié)進行較為簡單的推斷。解題技巧:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位原文的內(nèi)容，然后分析體悟字里行間的意思。（2022·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Cananyonebeanastronaut?Ofcoursenot.Youdon’thavetohaveasciencedegreebutmostastronautsdo.Mostofthemarepilotstoo.Lifeinaspaceshipishardsoyoumusthaveahealthybodyandmind.Youneedtobeeasy-going,patient,andhelpfultospendsomuchtimeinasmallspacewithotherpeople.What’sthetraininglike?Peoplehavetotrainforayeartolearnhowtostayhealthyandsafe.Theypractisespacewalkingandlivinginzerogravity(重力).Theytrainindifficultconditionstolearnhowtosolveproblemsandtoworkinateam.Everydaytaskslikeeating,washingandsleepingcanbedifficultonaspaceship.Thereisnorunningwatersoyouhavetowashwithwettissues:it’shardtoenjoythedryfoodthatastronautshavetoeat.Andtosleepyoumustcoveryoureyesbecausethesunrisesevery90minutesontheInternationalSpaceStation.Youalsohavetotieyourselftosomethingsoyoudon’tflyaway!Whathealthproblemsdoastronautshave?Lifeinzerogravitycauseschangestoourbodies.Bonesandmuscles(肌肉)becomethinandweaksoyoumustdoalotofexerciseinspacetostayfitandtohelptheheartmovebloodaroundyourbody.Astronautsoftengetbackachebecauseyougrowinspace—upto8centimeters!It’salsocommontohaveheadachesandtofeelsick,especiallyatthebeginning.Youmusthavevitaminstotaketheplaceoffreshfruitandvegetables.Butyoudon’thavetoputonsuncreambecausespacesuitscanprotectyourskin(皮膚).Areyoustillinterested?Sonowyouknow.Ifyouwanttogotospace,studyhard,learntoflyandtakecareofyourbodyandmind.1．Whatisamustforanastronaut?A．Asciencedegree. B．Apilot’slicense.C．Ahealthybodyandmind. D．Aweakcharacter.2．Whatmustyoudotoprepareforaspacetrip?A．Experiencezerogravity. B．Washwithrunningwater.C．Practiselongwalks. D．Sleepwithyoureyesopen.3．Whydoastronautshavetoexerciseinspace?A．Tomaketheirbonesandmusclesthinner.B．Tohelptheheartworkwellandkeepfit.C．Toavoidbackacheandgrowmuchtaller.D．Tostoptheirskinsfromgettingsunburned.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whatweneedtoknowtobecomeanastronaut.B．Whyyoungpeopleareinterestedinspacetrips?C．Whatproblemsastronautsmustsolveinspace.D．Whyweneedtotrainhardbeforeaspacetrip.【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了要成為一名宇航員我們需要知道什么。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lifeinaspaceshipishardsoyoumusthaveahealthybodyandmind.”可知，在宇宙飛船里的生活是艱苦的，所以你必須有一個健康的身體和思想；故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theypractisespacewalkingandlivinginzerogravity.”可知，必須練習(xí)太空行走和零重力生活；故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lifeinzerogravitycauseschangestoourbodies.Bonesandmusclesbecomethinandweaksoyoumustdoalotofexerciseinspacetostayfitandtohelptheheartmovebloodaroundyourbody.”可知，零重力環(huán)境下的生活使我們的身體發(fā)生變化，必須通過練習(xí)來保持健康和心臟運行正常；故選B。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，主要講述了要成為一名宇航員我們需要知道什么；故選A。（2022·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Therearemanydifferentwaystosolveaproblem.Onewayistobecreative.Peopleoftenthinkcreativethinkingisjustforartistsanddesigners,butthisisnottrue.Dr.EdwarddeBono,anexpertincreativethinkingandproblemsolving,hasshowntheworldthatusingcreativitytosolveproblemsisveryusefulinbusinessandinourcommunities,andwillcontinuetobesointhefuture.Oneexampleofcreativethinkingisthesolutiontoaparkingprobleminatowncenter.Intheareasclosetostores,peoplecanonlyparkfor20minutes.Thereareparkingmeterswherepeoplepaytoparkintheseareas.However,theproblemisthatmanypeopleleavetheircarsthereforlongerthan20minutes.Dr.EdwarddeBono’ssolutionistomakearulethatallcarsparkedintheseareasmustkeeptheirheadlightson.Ofcourse,driverswillwanttoreturntotheircarsbeforetheircarbatteries(蓄電池)die.AccordingtoDr.deBono,peoplewillneedtousecreativethinkingmoreofteninthefuture.Tohelppeoplethinkmorecreatively,hedesignedthe“SixThinkingHats”system(系統(tǒng)).Thesystemhelpspeoplethinkaboutaproblemindifferentwaysinordertofindasolution.Inthesystem,therearesiximaginaryhatsofdifferentcolors.Eachhatsymbolizesadifferentwayofthinking.Forexample,thewhitehathelpspeopleconsiderthefacts.Theblackhatisthemostlogical(有邏輯的)andhelpspeopleconsiderwhyapossiblesolutionmaynotwork.So,nexttimeyouhaveaprobleminyourcommunity,thinkaboutitcreatively,fromdifferentperspectives,andseewhatideasyouhave.5．Whatisthetopicofthetext?A．Beingacreativeartistinthecommunity. B．Doingbusinesssuccessfullyinthefuture.C．Askingexpertsforsomeusefuladvice. D．Usingcreativethinkingtosolveproblems.6．WhyistheexamplementionedinParagraph2?A．Toexpressaresult. B．Todescribeaproblem.C．Tosupportthetopic. D．Tolistsomenumbers.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perspectives”inParagraph3mean?A．Ways B．Places. C．People. D．Rules.8．Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe“SixThinkingHats”system?A．Thesystemisusedtohelppeoplethinkquickly.B．Thewhitehathelpspeoplethinkaboutthefacts.C．Theblackhathastodowithpeople’sfeelings.D．Sixhatsofdifferentshapescanbeveryhelpful.【答案】5．D6．C7．A8．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了運用創(chuàng)造性思維解決問題。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Therearemanydifferentwaystosolveaproblem.Onewayistobecreative.”可知，本文主要講述了運用創(chuàng)造性思維解決問題；故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Oneexampleofcreativethinkingisthesolutiontoaparkingprobleminatowncenter.”可知，此段主要是為了支持本文的主題，如何運用創(chuàng)造性思維解決問題；故選C。7．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“So,nexttimeyouhaveaprobleminyourcommunity,thinkaboutitcreatively,fromdifferentperspectives,andseewhatideasyouhave.”可知，當(dāng)你在你的社區(qū)遇到問題時，從不同的角度創(chuàng)造性地思考它，因此“perspectives”意為“Ways”；故選A。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,thewhitehathelpspeopleconsiderthefacts.”可知，白帽幫助人們考慮事實；故選B。（2021·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）FlamencoisverypopularinsouthernSpain.Itbeginswithguitarmusicandclapping(擊掌)andthendancersjointheperformance.Sometimesawomandancesaloneandsometimesshedanceswithaman.Thewomanalwayswearsalong,colorfuldress.Shemovesherarmsandhandsslowlybutherfeetmoveinfastdifficultsteps.Themanoftenwearsblack.Bothdancersclicktheirshoesonthefloorwhentheydancearoundeachother.CossackdancesarefromRussiaandUkraine.Theyareveryenergetic—somearemorelikegymnasticsthandancing!Dancershavetobeveryfitbecausetheyjumpveryhighandkicktheirlegsupanddown.Theyoftenjumpoverswords(劍).ThemovementsaresimilartotraditionalCossackactivities,forexample,swordfightingandgettingonandoffhorses.LimbodancingisfirstfromWestAfricabuttodayitisanimportantpartofcelebrationsintheCaribbean.Youngpeoplehavetodanceunderapole(桿).Thepoleisoftenonfireandthedancermustn’ttouchit!Afterasuccessful“l(fā)imbo”,theyputthepoleloweranddoitagain.Somedancerscandanceunderapolejusttwentycentimetersofftheground!Mask(面具)dancesareimportantfortheDogonpeopleinMali.Eachvillagemakesdifferentmasks.Theyareoftenhugeandcolorful.Therearemasksofpeople,monstersorlocalanimalslikecrocodilesandmonkeys.Maskdancersarealwaysmenandtheydancetothesoundofdrumsforhoursafterthedeathofapersoninthevillage.Today,Dogonvillagersalsoperformthedancesfortourists.9．Whatdoweknowaboutflamencodancing?A．Dancersbeginperformingbeforetheguitarmusicstarts.B．Awomandanceroftenwearsalongblackdress.C．Awomandancermovesherhandsandfeetatdifferentspeeds.D．Dancersclaploudlywhilemovingaroundeachother.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gymnastics”inParagraph2referto?A．Aplay. B．Asport. C．Acelebration. D．Ashow.11．Whichofthefollowingislimbodancing?A． B．C． D．12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．DanceJumpsandMoves B．DancesforDifferentAgesC．DanceMusicandClothing D．DancesfromAroundtheWorld【答案】9．C10．B11．A12．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹了幾種類型的舞蹈。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Shemovesherarmsandhandsslowlybutherfeetmoveinfastdifficultsteps.”可知，她的胳膊和手移動緩慢，但她的腳在進行快速并且很難做的步伐。故選C。10．詞義猜測題。分析“Theyareveryenergetic—somearemorelikegymnasticsthandancing!”可知，它們非常有活力——有些更像體操而不是舞蹈！此處gymnastics的意思是“體操”，體操屬于運動，故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“LimbodancingisfirstfromWestAfricabuttodayitisanimportantpartofcelebrationsintheCaribbean.Youngpeoplehavetodanceunderapole（桿）.”可知，“林波舞”要在著火的桿子下跳舞，結(jié)合圖片，故選A。12．最佳標題題。本文主要向我們介紹了幾種類型的舞蹈，選項D“來自世界各地的舞蹈”符合主題，故選D。（2021·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Whendochildrenstarttotalk?Ifyouaskagroupofparentswhenthishappened,mostwillsay“aroundtwelvemonthsofage”.Theywillprobablyevenrememberwhatthechildrensaid.Manyparentskeepadiaryoftheirchild’s“firstwords”.Wecanneverpredictwhatafirstwordisgoingtobe.Oftenit’sthenamefor“mummy”or“daddy”,butitcouldjustaseasilybethewordforananimalorafavoritetoy.Everythingdependsonwhathasmostcaughtthechild’sattention.Butonethingiscertain:afterthefirstword,otherscomequickly.By18months,mostchildrenhavelearnedabout50words.Bytwo,thetotalhasrisentoaround200.Earlywordsareactuallyone-wordsentences.Oneofthefirstfeatures(特征)oflanguageachildlearnswellistocontroltheriseandfallofthevoicetomakethedifferencebetweenstatingandquestioning.InEnglish,daddywithahighrisingtone(聲調(diào))means“isthatdaddy?”Daddywithahighfallingtonemeans“There’sdaddy”.Ofcourse,onlyverybasicmeaningscanbecommunicatedusingtonesalone.Soitsoonbecomesnecessarytolearnsomegrammar.InEnglish,grammarmeanslearningtoputwordsindifferentorders.Childrenhavetoseethatmummypushisdifferentfrompushmummy.Theystartpractisingsuchchangesataround18months.Bytwo,theyhavelearnedthebasicpatternsofwordorder,andwehearthemsayingsuchthingsasmankickballandwheredaddygo.Whataretheparentsdoingallhistime?They’reactingasteachersandtheyalwayshaveanactiveroletoplayintheirchild’slanguagelearning.13．Howoldaremostchildrenwhentheyhavelearnedabout50words?A．About6monthsold. B．Aboutoneyearold.C．About18monthsold. D．Abouttwoyearsold.14．WhichmightanEnglishchildsayfirstwhenlearningtotalk?A．Mummy. B．Pushmummy. C．Mankickball. D．Wheredaddygo.15．What’sParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Wordorder. B．Wordtones. C．Thefirstwords. D．Correctingwords.16．Whoismostresponsibleforachild’searlylanguagelearning?A．Teachers. B．Parents. C．Friends. D．Grandparents.【答案】13．C14．A15．A16．B【分析】本文介紹了孩子什么時候開始學(xué)習(xí)語言，孩子在學(xué)習(xí)語言時父母的作用。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“By18months,mostchildrenhavelearnedabout50words.”可知，到18個月時，大多數(shù)孩子已經(jīng)學(xué)會了50個單詞。故選C。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Oftenit’sthenamefor‘mummy’or‘daddy’,…”可知，“媽媽”可能是一個孩子在學(xué)習(xí)說話時首先要說的。故選A。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“InEnglish,grammarmeanslearningtoputwordsindifferentorders.”及本段的介紹可知，本段介紹了語法規(guī)則也就是語序的問題。故選A。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whataretheparentsdoingallhistime?They’reactingasteachersandtheyalwayshaveanactiveroletoplayintheirchild’slanguagelearning.”可知，父母是孩子的第一任老師，并且在孩子學(xué)習(xí)語言方面充當(dāng)一個積極的角色，所以父母對孩子的早期語言學(xué)習(xí)負責(zé)。故選B。（2020·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Alotofanimalstravelfromoneplacetoanother.Wecallthismigration.InAfrica,largeanimals,likeelephantsandzebras,migratetofindfoodandwater.Theyusuallyfollowthesamewayseveryyear.Alotofbirdsmigratetofindfoodandbetterweather,too.Theyareusuallybirdsthateatinsects.TheyspendthesummerinnorthernEurope,becausetherearelotsofinsectsthere.Inthewintertherearen’tanyinsects,sothebirdsflysouthtosouthernEuropeandAfrica.Someinsectsmigrate,too.InNorthAmerica,millionsofmonarchbutterfliesflysouthtospendthewinterinMexico,CaliforniaandFlorida,whereit’swarmer.Theytravel50-65kmeachdayandtheytravelabout1,125km.Somefishmigratetobreed(繁殖).Salmon(鮭魚)canswimover20,000kmintheirlife.TheyareborninriversinIreland,ScotlandandotherplacesinnorthernEurope.TheyoungfishswimdowntherivertotheseaandintotheAtlanticOcean.Theyliveintheoceanuntiltheyareadults.Thentheyreturntotheriverwheretheywereborn.Theylaytheireggsintheriverandthentheyusuallydie.Salmondothis,becausetheireggsaresaferintheriver.Otherfishcan’teatthem.Arcticterns(北極燕鷗)travelthefurthestwhentheymigrate.TheyspendthesummerintheArctic,butwhenwintercomestheyflytotheAntarctic,becauseit’ssummerthere.ThenextyeartheyflybacktotheArcticagain.Inoneyearthesesmallbirdstravel36,000kmfromoneendoftheearthtotheotherandbackagain.Nobodyknowshowtheydoit.17．Accordingtothepassage,monarchbutterfliesinNorthAmericamigrateto_________.A．findinsects B．lookforwater C．findbetterweather D．produceyoung18．Adultsalmonswimbacktotheriverbecause________.A．theywon’tbeeatenbyotherbigfishB．theywanttolayeggsinasaferplaceC．theyaregettingreadytodiethereD．theywanttogowheretheygrewup19．Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutanimals’migration?A．ElephantsinAfricausuallytravelthesamewayeachyear.B．MostbirdsflytosouthernEuropeandAfricainsummer.C．Someinsectstravel1,125kmeachday.D．Salmonswim20,000kmeachyear.20．TheexampleofArcticternsinthelastparagraphisusedmainlytoshow_________.A．thedistanceofmigration B．thepurposeofmigrationC．thedirectionofmigration D．thetimeofmigration【答案】17．C18．B19．A20．A【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了很多動物為了食物、天氣、生產(chǎn)等原因而遷徙。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InNorthAmerica,millionsofmonarchbutterfliesflysouthtospendthewinterinMexico,CaliforniaandFlorida,whereit’swarmer.可知，他們是為了到比較暖的地方過冬,也就是尋找更好的天氣。故答案選C。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后倒數(shù)第二句Salmondothis,becausetheireggsaresaferintheriver.可知，成年鮭魚游回到出生地產(chǎn)卵是因為魚卵在河水里更安全。故答案選B。19．理解判斷題。根據(jù)InAfrica,largeanimals,likeelephantsandzebras,migratetofindfoodandwater.Theyusuallyfollowthesamewayseveryyear.可知，A選項表述正確。根據(jù)Alotofbirdsmigratetofindfoodandbetterweather,too.…Inthewintertherearen’tanyinsects,sothebirdsflysouthtosouthernEuropeandAfrica.可知，B選項表述錯誤。根據(jù)InNorthAmerica,millionsofmonarchbutterfliesflysouth…Theytravel50-65kmeachdayandtheytravelabout1,125km.在北美，數(shù)以百萬計的帝王蝶飛往南方……它們每天飛50-65公里，大約1125公里。可知C選項表述錯誤。根據(jù)Somefishmigratetobreed.Salmoncanswimover20,000kmintheirlife.可知，D選項表述錯誤。故答案選A。20．段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容Arcticternstravelthefurthestwhentheymigrate.以及Inoneyearthesesmallbirdstravel36,000kmfromoneendoftheearthtotheotherandbackagain.可知，本段主要講了北極燕鷗的遷徙距離。故答案選A。（2020·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Howwouldyoufeelifsomeonedecidedtotakeawayyourpark?Wellthat’swhat’shappeninginmycommunity.There’saparkthatsomepeoplewanttoturnintoagolfcourse

(高爾夫球場).LetmetellyouwhyIthinkit’sabadidea.First,aparkismeanttobeforthewholecommunity.Noteveryonelikesgolf,sonoteveryonewillgettousethepark.Thisisn’tfair.Acommunityparkshouldhaveopenspacesforeveryonetouse.Second,tomakewayforthegolfcourse,lotsofplaygroundequipment(設(shè)施)willhavetobemovedorknockeddown,whichisawasteoftimeandmoney.It’salsoawasteofperfectlygoodequipment.Theswings,forexample,willprobablyjustendupaslitter.Third,whataboutgivingyoungpeoplesomethingtodo?Notallkidsarecrazyaboutgolf.Atthemoment,theparkhasaskatingplaceandaplayground.Theseattractlotsofkidsfromthecommunity.Ifyouturntheparkintoagolfcourse,thesekidswon’thaveanywheretogoandtheywon’thaveanythingtodo.Thismeansthattheywillstayathomeandturnonavideogameratherthangetsomeexercise.Italsomeansthattheymightbeoutonthestreetcausingtrouble.Wouldn’titbebettertogivethemsomethingtodoatthepark?Finally,golfisexpensive.Buildingagolfcourseandmaintaining(維護)itcostsalotofmoney.Whoisgoingtopaytomaintainthegolfcourse?Whataboutthosepeoplewhocan’taffordtojoinagolfclub?Thatmeansthatthegolfcoursewillonlybeavailabletopeoplewithlotsofmoney.Turningourparkintoagolfcourseisabadidea.Isuggestwehaveacommunitymeetingbeforeplansgoanyfurther.21．Somepeoplewanttochangetheparkinto__________.A．a(chǎn)golfclub B．a(chǎn)golfcourse C．a(chǎn)park D．a(chǎn)skatingplace22．AccordingtoParagraph4,havingnowheretogowillmakesomechildrenA．gotogetsomeexercise B．fallinlovewithgolfC．playvideogamesathome D．gotothestreetandmakefriends23．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)A． B． C．D．24．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Tohelpcarryoutfurtherplans.B．Tomaketheparkmorebeautiful.C．Toencouragechildrentogoskating.D．Tostopthegolfcoursefrombeingbuilt.【答案】21．B22．C23．D24．D【分析】文章大意：本文從4個方面論述了把社區(qū)公園變成高爾夫球場的弊端，想要由此來阻止高爾夫球場的建設(shè)。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的信息There’saparkthatsomepeoplewanttoturncourseintoagolf有人想把一個公園轉(zhuǎn)變成為一個高爾夫球場，故選B。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段倒數(shù)第三句話Thismeansthattheywillstayathomeandturnonavideogameratherthangetsomeexercise這就意味著他們將會待在家里打開電子游戲而不是去鍛煉，故選C。23．文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句話letmetellyou...abadidea讓我該訴你為什么這是一個壞主意，接著文章二、三、四、五段分別用first首先；second第二；third第三;finally最后。分別列舉理由；最后一段第一句話Turningourparkintoagolfcourseisabadidea可以知道是總結(jié)不愿意把公園改成高爾夫球場，屬于總-分-總。故選D。24．寫作目的題。文章主要從四個方面講解了把社區(qū)公園變成高爾夫球場的弊端，從而想阻止高爾夫球場的建造。故選D。（2023·浙江溫州·?？家荒＃〢visittoawholecountryinaday?ThisispossibleinMadurodam!IntheworldfamousHollandminiaturepark,everythingisbuiltonascaleof1:25.Youaretreatedtoatripthroughthehistoryoftheseasidecountryandallitsfamousbuildings.Therearethemedareasinthepark.ThemostbeautifulbuildingsintheoldcitiesofHollandarelocatedinStedenRijk.ThishistoricalareashowshowHollandhasdevelopedfromfarmlandtoamoderncountry.AnotheroneisWaterRijk.WaterhasalwaysplayedanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofHolland,acountrythatwouldbeunderwaterwithoutdams.Tolearneverythingaboutwater,youmustresearchit.Youcanalsohaveahand-onexperienceinthearea,VindingRijk.Youcanoperatethebarriertopreventavillagefromflooding,helpaplanetakeoff,andloadorunloadships.Apartfromthethemedareas,thereisalsoaplaygroundforkidscalledtheWaddenzee.MadurodamworkshardtoshowarealisticviewofHolland.Eachofits338miniaturesismadeindetail.Peoplemustresearchtheshapeandthecolorofanitembyexaminepicturesbeforebuildingamodel.LittlefigurinesintheparkshowthedailylifeofpeopleinHolland.Thefigurineschangeclotheswiththeseasons,wearingcoatsinwinterandT-shirtsinsummer.WindmillsareasymbolofHollandandtheyareeverywhereinthepark.With55,000flowerbedsand5,500treesshortereventhanakid,theparkisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Openedin1952,Madurodamhasseenmorethan50millionvisitors.Still,itisdeveloping.Manymoreminiatureswillbebuiltinthepark.Therearestillplentyofgreatstoriestotellfromthepast,presentandfuture.25．Whichpicturemightbetakeninthepark,Madurodam?A． B．C． D．26．HowmanythemedareasinMadurodamarementionedinthepassage?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.27．HowdoesMadurodamshowarealisticviewofHolland?A．Byshowingmanyminiaturesthataresimilartotherealones.B．Bymakingfigurineswhichchangepositionsondifferentdays.C．Byplantingtreeswhichcanfinallygrowastallastherealones.D．Bybuildingwindmillsthatshowthenaturalbeautyofthecountry.28．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutMadurodam?A．Madurodamhasahistoryofabout50years.B．MoreminiatureswillbeaddedinMadurodam.C．IntheWaddenzee,storiesfromthepastaretold.D．InVindingRijk,visitorsaren’tallowedtotouchthings.【答案】25．A26．C27．A28．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了世界著名的荷蘭微型公園。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThishistoricalareashowshowHollandhasdevelopedfromfarmlandtoamoderncountry....WaterhasalwaysplayedanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofHolland,acountrythatwouldbeunderwaterwithoutdams....Youcanoperatethebarriertopreventavillagefromflooding...Youcanalsohaveahand-onexperienceinthearea,VindingRijk.Youcanoperatethebarriertopreventavillagefromflooding”可知，公園里的StedenRijk主題展示了荷蘭是如何從農(nóng)田發(fā)展成為現(xiàn)代國家的，主題WaterRijk展示了水在荷蘭的發(fā)展中一直發(fā)揮著重要作用，這個國家如果沒有水壩就會被淹沒；主題VindingRijk主打?qū)嵺`，A圖中對這些都有所體現(xiàn)，故選A。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“..ThemostbeautifulbuildingsintheoldcitiesofHollandarelocatedinStedenRijk.ThishistoricalareashowshowHollandhasdevelopedfromfarmlandtoamoderncountry.AnotheroneisWaterRijk....Tolearneverythingaboutwater,youmustresearchit.Youcanalsohaveahand-onexperienceinthearea,VindingRijk.”.（公園里有主題區(qū)。荷蘭古城中最美麗的建筑位于StedenRijk……另一個是WaterRijk...你也可以在VindingRijk這一地區(qū)積累經(jīng)驗。）可知，文章中提到了Madurodam的三個主題區(qū)域。故選C。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“MadurodamworkshardtoshowarealisticviewofHolland.Eachofits338miniaturesismadeindetail.”（Madurodam努力展示荷蘭的真實景色。其338個微縮模型中的每一個都是詳細制作的。）可知，Madurodam通過展示許多與真實模型相似的微縮模型來展現(xiàn)荷蘭的真實景色。故選A。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Manymoreminiatureswillbebuiltinthepark.Therearestillplentyofgreatstoriestotellfromthepast,presentandfuture.”（公園將建造更多的微縮模型。過去、現(xiàn)在和未來仍有很多精彩的故事可講。）可知，Madurodam將增加更多的微縮模型。故選B。（2023·浙江紹興·統(tǒng)考一模）Readingpeople’smindsseemstobeasuperpowerthatonlyhappensinmovies.Butscientistshavenowmadeitpossibletoreadpeople’smind!ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscodevelopedanewinstrument.Itcanturnbrainwavesintowordsonascreeninfrontoftheuser.Inthestudy,theytesteditwithaparalyzed(癱瘓的)man.“Toourknowledge,it’sthefirsttimetodirectlydecode(解碼)fullwordsfromthebrainofsomeonewhoisparalyzedandcannotspeak,”saidEdwardChang,theseniorauthorofthestudy.Eachyear,thousandsofpeoplelosetheabilitytospeakbecauseofaccidentsorillnesses.Withupto93percentbeingcorrectthenewinstrumentshows“strongpromise”toletthesepeoplefullycommunicateinthefuture.Oneproblemwithsuchmind-readingmachines,however,isthattheyhavetoputelectrodes(電極)intopeople’sbrains.It’sinconvenientandhashealthrisks.ButscientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,US,havetakenstepstochangethis.Theytriedtoreadpeople’sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.Thenewbrainscanning(掃描)methodiscalledFMRI,it’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.Sinceactivebraincells(細胞)areeasiertoberead.Bytrackingthem,scientistscanreadbrainactivity.Theteamaskedpeopleinthetesttolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedontheFMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Inothertests,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethatthepeopleinthetestwatched.Itcouldevenretellastorythatthepeopleimaginedintheirheads.Althoughit’snotaword-for-wordtranslation,themethod-FMRIshowsmanypossibilities.29．FromParagraph1andParagraph2,weknowthatthenewinstrumentcan________.A．teachparalyzedmentospeak B．helptoreadpeople’smindsC．makepeoplebecomestronger D．changepeople’swaytothink30．ItcanbelearnedthatFMRI________.A．hasfewerhealthrisks B．putsmoreelectrodesintobrainsC．costsmuchlessmoney D．canmakebrainsmoreactive31．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5refersto________.A．thecomputer B．thetest C．thestory D．themovie32．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Machinesspeakingforpeople B．SuperpowersappearinginmoviesC．Skillscommunicatingwithfuture D．Computersofferingnewalgorithm【答案】29．B30．A31．C32．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了能夠讀懂人們想法的新儀器(讀心術(shù)和FMRI)，這種新儀器可以將腦電波轉(zhuǎn)化為文字。讀心術(shù)不方便又有健康風(fēng)險，而FMRI更安全。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段“Butscientistshavenowmadeitpossibletoreadpeople’smind!ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscodevelopedanewinstrument.Itcanturnbrainwavesintowordsonascreeninfrontoftheuser…Withupto93percentbeingcorrectthenewinstrumentshows“strongpromise”toletthesepeoplefullycommunicateinthefuture.”可知，舊金山加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新儀器，可以幫助解讀人們的想法。故選B。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneproblemwithsuchmind-readingmachines,however,isthattheyhavetoputelectrodes(電極)intopeople’sbrains.It’sinconvenientandhashealthrisks.ButscientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,US,havetakenstepstochangethis.”和第四段“Thenewbrainscanning(掃描)methodiscalledFMRI,it’sasaferwayof‘reading’brainactivity.”可知，F(xiàn)MRI儀器更安全，與舊金山加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)了儀器相比較，健康風(fēng)險較小。故選A。31．詞句猜測題。此段“Theteamaskedpeopleinthetesttolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedontheFMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.”意思是“研究小組要求受試者在掃描大腦的同時收聽16個小時的廣播節(jié)目。然后，他們使用計算機算法根據(jù)FMRI(功能磁共振成像)記錄創(chuàng)建了一個故事。它與廣播節(jié)目非常匹配?！庇纱丝芍琲t指代前句中的story“故事”。故選C。32．最佳標題題。本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了能夠讀懂人們想法的新儀器：舊金山加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)的讀心術(shù)和美國得克薩斯大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們開發(fā)的FMRI。由此可知，本文最佳標題是《代替人說話的機器》。故選A。（2023·浙江寧波·統(tǒng)考一模）Withthedevelopmentoftechnologyovertheyears,peoplehavemorewaystogetthenewsaroundtheworld.Newspaper,TVandradionewsarepopularamongtheolderagegroups,butmanyyoungpeopleprefersocialmedia(社交媒體)appssuchasInstagram;TikTokorYouTubetogetthelatestnews.ArecentreportshowsthatthenumberofpeopleintheUKwatchingnewsonTikTokin2022is3.9million,upfrom800,000in2020.And29%ofUKteenagersuseInstagramtogetthenews.Butaresocialmediaappsapropernewssource(來源)?Forsome,especiallyyoungsters,socialmediaappsareagreatwaytogetnews.Manypeopleusesocialmediaappseveryday,sotheycanquicklygetthelatestnewsonInstagramorTikTok.Thenewsisalsoshowninauser-friendlyway,suchasashortandlivelypostofvideo,whichmakesiteasiertounderstand.Thismeanspeoplearemorelikelytotakeinmorenewsthanjustreadingaboutit.Socialmediaappscanalsobringyounewsstoriesthatyoucan’tfindonTVornewspaper.Theyprovideaplatformfordifferentvoices,suchasp