南通市2017屆高三第二次調(diào)研測(cè)試-英語(yǔ)試題

南通市2017屆高三第二次調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)第I卷(三部分共85分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分20分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.BuyanewT-shirt. B.Repairthewashingmachine. C.WearthesameT-shirt.2.HowmanylanguagescanHelenspeakfluently?A.Three. B.Four. C.Two.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Psychologicalproblems.B.Spendinghabits.C.Highrents.4.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Tothepostoffice. B.Tothebakery. C.Tothebank.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atschool.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whosepictureshasthemanseen?A.Jennifer’s. B.Lisa’s. C.Laura’s.7.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Waitforhispartner’sreply.B.Bookaflightimmediately.C.Askhisbossforthetimeoff.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydidthewomangotothatlocation?A.Shesawabrochure.B.Ithasthelowestprice.C.It’snearherworkplace.9.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Buyagoldencard. B.Goonlineimmediately. C.Givehimapicture.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhomightMs.Winklerbe?A.Ella’smom. B.Ella’steacher. C.Ella’sclassmate.11.WhatdoesEllaneedtodotobeatoptenstudent?A.Passthefinalexam.B.Dowellforthenextfewmonths.C.Geta90%onthefinalexam.12.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Ella’sadmissiontocollege.B.Ella’ssociallife.C.Ella’smentalhealth.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidEvadolastnight?A.Shewenttoaconcert.B.ShesawaChristmasplay.C.Shewatchedabasketballgame.14.WhoisRebecca?A.Eva’sclassmate. B.Eva’stutor. C.Eva’ssister.15.WhatdoesEva’smotherprobablydoforaliving?A.She’saviolinist. B.She’sanurse. C.She’sacoach.16.WhyisDerekhavingtroublewithhisstudies?A.Heisbusywithhismusic.B.Hehastoworkintheorchestra.C.Hehasalotofresponsibilitiesathome.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoismakingtheannouncement?A.Thecity. B.CampusSecurity. C.Themarathonorganizer.18.Whendoestheracestart?A.At8:00a.m. B.At9:00a.m. C.At9:30a.m.19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstodo?A.Getexcitedaboutthemarathon.B.Callthemarathonorganizer’soffice.C.Finishtheirbusinessbefore9:00am.20.Whyshouldpeoplegetamap?A.Tofindtheclosestparkinglots.B.Todealwithpotentialtrafficproblems.C.Tofindoutwhichshopsandbanksareopen.第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分35分)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。21.TheInternetissomuchapartofourculturethatitaffectsourlivesbyactingasa______forface-to-facecontacts.D.offerhisorheremailaddressandfamilyname57.Whatdoweknowaboutthephotographentryofthewinner?A.Itwillbepublishedinamagazineandagallery.B.Itwillbeevaluatedatapproximately$300.00.C.ItwillbeselectedfromnineFinalists’entries. D.Itwillbeacknowledgedandreturnedafterwards.BThereareendlessmotivationsforhumanbehaviour,fromthebasicdrivesforfoodtomorecomplicatedones,suchassympathy,envyandanger.Butnoneoftheseexplainbehavioursthatwecallcompulsions(強(qiáng)迫癥).Theycomefromaneedthatisdesperateandtortured(折磨).Theymaybringrelief,buttheybringlittleenjoyment,andwhileonepartofourbraindesperatelywishestostopthem,anotherisafraidofstopping.Iusedtoviewcompulsionsasforeignandalmostfrightening.Butinthecourseofmyresearch,twothingshappened.First,whenIgottoknowpeoplewhowerecompulsive,theirbehaviourdidn’tseemunreasonableatall.Second,Irealizedthatalthoughpeoplewiththemostextremecompulsionsseemlikeoutliers(另類(lèi)人),theanxietythatdrivesthemtothoseextremesisuniversal.Overanyyear,manyofusfindourselvesinthecontrolofacompulsionthatfallsshortofsomethingthatisdisablingenoughtoqualifyasamentaldisorder–infact,somecompulsionsareadaptive,helpingusleadourlivesorperformourjobsmoreeffectively.Likemanypeople,maybeyoufeelforcedtoreachforyoursmartphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning.Fortunatelyagrowingnumberofexpertshavebeguntosucceedindistinguishingaddictionsfromcompulsions.Anaddictionbeginswithaflashofpleasureaccompaniedwithdanger;it’sfuntogambleortodrink,anditalsoputsyouatrisk.Additionsinvolveactingwithoutplanningoreventhought,drivenbyanurgeforimmediatesatisfaction.Compulsions,incontrast,areallaboutavoidingunpleasantoutcomes.Theyarebehaviourswerepeatmanytimestorelievetheanxietybroughtonbythepossibilityofnegativeconsequences.Buttheactualbehaviourisoftenunpleasant–oratleastnotparticularlyrewarding,especiallyaftermanyroundsofit.Behindeverycompulsionistheneedtoavoidwhatcausesyoupainoranxiety.Compulsivebehaviourisnotnecessarilyamentaldisorder.Someformsofitcanbe,andpeopleinitscontroldeservetobediagnosedandhelped.Butmanyareexpressionsofpsychologicalneedsweallfeel:tobeatpeaceandincontrol,tofeelconnectedandtomatter.Andifthosearementalillnesses,we’reallcrazy.58.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat_____.A.compulsionscanbringreliefaswellasenjoymentB.compulsivepeoplewillpreferunreasonablebehaviourC.compulsionsmaybeanunderstandableresponsetoanxietyD.compulsivepeoplemustbefrighteningandbehavedifferently59.Themaindifferencebetweenaddictionsandcompulsionsliesin_____.A.humanrelationships B.financialrewards C.internaldrives D.socialexpectations60.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardscompulsion?A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.CHIVisatrickyvirusthatescapestypicalimmuneresponses.Duringasuccessfulimmunesystemresponsetoaforeignbody,whitebloodcellsproduceantibodies

thattargettheforeignbody.Theseantibodiesthenmarktheforeignbodyfordestructionbyotherimmunecells.Forthemostpart,HIVescapestheseimmunedefenses,butrareindividualsdevelopantibodiesthateffectivelyblockthevirus.ResearchersarenowshowingthattheseantibodiescanalsoactastreatmentsinotherHIVpatients.HIVhasseveralwaysofescapingtheimmuneresponse.

Unlikemostviruses,HIVspecificallyattacksatypeofwhitebloodcellthatiscriticaltoourimmunesystem.Duringreproduction,theHIVvirusalsopicksupmanynew

mutations(變異),whichoftenchangeitenoughthatany

antibodiesproducedearlierduringtheinfectionnolongerrecognizeit.Theserareantibodiescanalsokeepthevirusfrominfectingnewcells,whichcouldmakethemaneffectivetreatment.In

animalstudies,injection

oflowconcentrationsoftheseantibodiescouldactasavaccine(疫苗)andprovideprotectionagainstinfection.Injections

canevencontrolactiveinfectionswhencombinedwithadditionalantibodiesthattarget

othermolecules(分子)ontheHIVsurface.Thesefindingsled

tohumansphase1clinicaltrialstoevaluateaspecificantibody

thattargetsHIV.ThisstudyrevealedthatasingleinjectionoftheantibodytypicallyreducedthepresenceofHIVinthebloodofpatientswhohavevirusesthatweresensitivetotheantibody.Afterperformingtest-tubestudiesshowingtheeffectivenessoftheantibody,theresearchersevaluatedits

safetyinhumansinasmall

trial.Thestudyincludedtwogroupsofparticipants:14uninfectedindividualsand19individualswithanHIV-1infection.Theresearchersthentrackedtheclearanceoftheantibodybyfollowingitslevels

intheparticipants’blood.Consistentwithpreviousstudies,HIV-1infectedindividualsexhibitedfasterclearanceoftheantibody,withahalf-lifeof12.8dayscomparedto24.0daysforuninfectedparticipants.Despitethefastclearance,however,theantibodyappearedtobeeffective.ThirteenHIV-1infectedparticipantswiththehighestlevelsofvirus

receivedthehighestdose(劑量)oftheantibody.Elevenofthem

showedarapiddeclineinHIVlevels.Trackingtheinfectionthroughthe

firstweeksaftertreatment

revealedtheevolution

ofmultiplevirusesthatwerenolongeraffectedby

theantibody.However,thesenewvariants(變體)generallyremainedsensitivetoantibodiestargetingothervirus

surfacemolecules.Overall,thisinvestigationshowsthesafetyofinjectionsofantibody10-1074inhumans.Thus,researchersmaybeabletobuildacocktailofantibodiesthateffectivelyblockactiveHIVinfections.61.HIVescapesimmuneresponsesby_____.A.removingtheforeignbodyB.identifyingtheimmunesystemC.attackingacertainwhitebloodcellD.reproducingsomeeffectiveantibodies62.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Theimmunesystem.B.Atypeofwhitebloodcell.C.TheHIVvirus.D.Anantibody.63.Thepurposeofthefurtherstudyofantibodiesisto_____.A.introduceavaccineprotectinghumansagainstinfectionB.confirmthereductionofHIVinthebloodofthepatientsC.trackafasterclearanceofantibodiesinuninfectedsubjectsD.provethesafetyandeffectivenessofantibodiesinhumans64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.AntibodiesremainineffectiveagainstmostHIVviruses.B.ResearchersfeeloptimisticaboutanewcureforHIV.C.Researchersgetcontradictoryfindingsfromaseriesofstudies.D.AntibodiescanevolvewithHIVvirusesfrominfectedpatients.DAbout15yearsago,ItaughtAProblemfromHell,abookongenocides(大屠殺),toagroupof18-and19-year-oldsinamid-westuniversityintheUS.InmyclasstherewasayoungmanwhohadspenthisboyhoodinBosniaasNATObombedhishometown.Myotherstudents,amazedbyhisconnectiontothegenocideinthetextbook,askedhimwhatitwasliketogrowupinawar-zone.“Aprettynormalchildhoodasyouhadhere,”hesaid.“Weplayedcardsinsidealot,andwhentherewasnobombingwekickedaballinthestreet.”Inthepastfewyears,theworldhasseenarapidincreaseinrefugees(難民),withthenumberhitting60million.VietThanhNguyen’sstorycollectionTheRefugeesremindsusthatliteratureisnewsthatstaysnews.SetintheVietnamesecommunitiesinCaliforniaaswellasinVietnam,thestoriesdonotaimtosurpriseuswithnewtwistsorshockuswithwonderfuldetails,aswarandrefugeestoriescouldeasilychoosetodo.Rather,liketheyoungmanfromBosnia,Nguyen’scharacterstellthesestoriesbecausetheyaretheonlyonesknowntothem.Includedinthecollectionaretwoofthemosttouchingpieces,bothaboutsiblings(兄弟或姊妹)separatedbygeographyandhistory.In“Black-EyedWomen”,thenarrator(講述人),ayoungVietnamesewoman,isvisitedbytheghostofherelderbrother,whodiedyoungontheboatwhenthefamilytookflightfromthewar.Thetaleofloveandloss,violenceandviolation,maynotbeunfamiliartothereader,butthedeterminationofthebrother’sghost(hehastakendecadestoswimacrossthePacifictoreachAmerica)andthesister’sabandoningherselftoahalfdeathmakethestorylasting.Asanecho,theclosingstory,“Fatherland”,exploresamorecomplexsituationbetweentwosiblings.Thenarrator,ayoungVietnamesewoman,meetsherhalf-sister,visitingfromtheUSforthefirsttime.Addingtothetensionisthefactthatherfatherhasnamedthenarratorandhersiblingsafterhisfirstsetofchildren.Twosisters,oneAmericanandoneVietnamese,yetnamedthesamebythefather–itmaysoundstrange,butisn’titthefatemanyrefugeeshavetoface:alifeleftbehind,thatcouldhavebeentheirs;andalifeinanadoptedcountry.Thethemeofdoubleness–choiceandinevitability(不可避免性),homeandhomelessness,startingafreshandbeingstuck–ispresentnotonlyinthestoriesofVietnameserefugees,butalsoofthosewhohavebecomerefugeesfromtheirownhomesandlovedones.“Smilingatyourrelativesnevergotyouveryfar,butsmilingatstrangersandacquaintancessometimesdid.”Soapilot,whofoughtintheVietnamwarandisnowrevisitingthecountryforthefirsttime,thinkswhilewavingatthelocalsfromatourbus.He’sdistantfromhisdaughter,justasaMexicanAmericaninthecollectionisdistantfromhiswife,orayoungmanfromHongKongisdistantfromhisfather.Thecollectionisfullofrefugees,whetherfromexternalorfromadeeper,moreinternalconflictbetweeneventhosewhoareclosesttoeachother.Withangerbutnotdespair,withreconciliation(和解)butnotunrealistichope,andwithgenuinehumourthatisnotusedtoinsultanyone,Nguyenhasbreathedlifeintomanyunforgettablecharacters.65.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto______.A.describetheboringlifeofwarvictimsB.appealtothereaderstohelpwarvictimsC.criticizeNATO’skillingofinnocentpeopleD.introducethestorycollectionTheRefugees66.WhichofthefollowingaboutTheRefugeesisTrue?A.Ittellsthenewsinaliteraryform.B.Itisfullofsurprisingtwistsandplots.C.Theauthorexperiencesthestorieshimself.D.Itscharactersnarratetheirownstories.67.HowareBlack-EyedWomenandFatherlandmainlydeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcontrasts.C.Byprovidingevidence. D.Bymakingclassifications.68.WecaninferfromParagraph5that_____.A.relativeshatetheirlovedonesforbeingleftbehindB.separationfromlovedonestendstomakethemdistantC.peoplebecomerefugeesduetotheirdoublecharacterD.smilingisagoodwaytokeeplovedonestogether69.WhichofthefollowingisthethemeofTheRefugees？A.Despair,suffering,andregret. B.Anger,humourandhope.C.Sympathy,regret,andreconciliation. D.Dream,hope,andexpectation.70.TheRefugeesmainlyfocuseson______.A.theproblemsofidentity,love,andfamilyforrefugeesB.themiserablelivesofrefugeesintheadoptedcountriesC.therefugees’reunionwiththeirfamiliesafterseparationD.thevariousreasonsforpeople’sbeingreducedtorefugees第Ⅱ卷(兩部分共35分)第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。TheScienceBehindSmilingNotonlydoessmilingrewardourbrain’sfeel-goodsystem,italsomakesuslookmoreattractiveandlowersstresslevels.Instressfulsituations,smilingisagreatwaytorelieveextremelevelsofstressandtokeepyourcortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)levelsundercontrol.Naturally,happinesscanresultinsmiling.Also,smilingcanactuallycreatehappiness.Smilingtricksourbrainsintobelievingwearehappy,andonewayitdoesthisisbymakingusthinkofhappiermemories,whichimproveourmoods.Whenthesmilingmusclesinourfacecontract,itsendsasignaltothebraintoencouragetherewardsystemthatfurtherincreasesourlevelsofendorphins,orhappinesshormones(荷爾蒙).Itcanhavethesameeffectonourhappinessaseatingchocolateorreceivingamonetaryprize.Eventhoughtheexactrelationshipbehindfacialexpressionandmentalstateislargelyunknown,ithasbeensuggestedthatsmilingreduceslevelsofthestress-inducinghormonecortisol.Increasedlevelsofcortisolcouldpotentiallyleadtocardiovasculardisease,mentalillness,andobesity,soit’swortheveryefforttotrytodecreaseourcortisollevels.Researchshowsthatwhenyousmile,peopletreatyoudifferently.Smilinginstantlymakesyouappearmorereliable,relaxed,sincere,andattractive.Astudyfoundthatpeoplewhosmiledmorewereratedasmoreattractivethanthosewhoavoidedeyecontactanddidn’tsmileatall.Perhapsthisiswhycelebrities(名人)investinperfectsmiles,oftenlookingforporcelainveneerstogivethemflawlesslystraight,whiteteeth.Accordingtoacosmetic(化妝用的)dentistrypracticeinBoston,brokenandstainedteethcanmakeapersonlookolder,whileabrightersmilegivesalookofhealthandyouthfulness.Anyoneyouspotontelevisionwillmorelikelythannothaveaperfectsmile.Thisgivesthemayouthfulshinewhileatthesametimemakingthemlookmoreattractive.Smilingisanactthatmanyofusmayhavetopracticeinordertomakearegularhabit.However,it’sahabitworthinvestingin,assmiling,happiness,andhealthhaveascientificallyprovenlinktooneother.Ifyoufindithardtosmile,trybeingaroundpeoplewhotendtosmilealot.AccordingtoaSwedishstudy,itisdifficulttokeepastraightfacewhenconstantlyfacedwithpeoplewhoaresmilingatyou.Title:TheScienceBehindSmilingSmiling(71)Smiling(71)▲us.Bysmilingyoucanimproveyourmood,(72)▲andmentalstate.usSmilingnaturallyresultsfromhappiness,andtheoppositeisalso