高中英語(yǔ)高考聽(tīng)力技巧

高考聽(tīng)力指導(dǎo)備戰(zhàn)2021年高考聽(tīng)力滿(mǎn)分計(jì)劃之

縱觀今年及往年的高考真題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)力考試越來(lái)越重視對(duì)學(xué)生真實(shí)聽(tīng)力水平以及日常交際能力的考查。因此，在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練中，我們應(yīng)該做到：（1）加強(qiáng)針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練，選擇信息點(diǎn)豐富，題目靈活，選項(xiàng)干擾性強(qiáng)，話(huà)題與長(zhǎng)度符合高考要求的資料進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練?？忌嵘?tīng)力，需要真正理解材料，熟悉設(shè)問(wèn)點(diǎn)，訓(xùn)練思維，因此要多聽(tīng)多練。（2）廣泛接觸各種日常話(huà)題和各方面的題材，精聽(tīng)泛聽(tīng)雙管齊下，不斷提升聽(tīng)力水平。（3）老師需要熟悉全國(guó)聽(tīng)力和二級(jí)聽(tīng)力PETS2的話(huà)題特點(diǎn)、設(shè)問(wèn)方式及選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生聽(tīng)力答題思維，并增加各方面日常話(huà)題的練習(xí)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生留心觀察生活，積累素材，方能以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。（4）平時(shí)訓(xùn)練時(shí)盡量聽(tīng)與正常語(yǔ)速接近的材料。聽(tīng)前讀題劃關(guān)鍵詞。聽(tīng)中：快速筆記；抓關(guān)鍵詞；速記符號(hào)、縮寫(xiě)形式3.心態(tài)良好良好的聽(tīng)力習(xí)慣：高考聽(tīng)力有一半的信息靠聽(tīng)，而另一半的信息靠閱讀。迅速瀏覽題干和所給選項(xiàng)，做到有備而發(fā)！化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)！忽略相似部分，把注意力集中在有較大差異的部分。例1：What’stheman’ssuggestion?Buyingexpensivethings.Buyingcheapthings.Buyingnecessarythings.讀題技巧：例2：A:Hewenttoseehisdoctorinhissparetimeyesterday.B:Hevisitedhisfriendswhenhewasfreeyesterday.C:Hecalledonanoldfarmerafterworkyesterday.預(yù)判原則Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfrombabies？A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.1.常識(shí)判斷原則排除What’stheman’sresponsetothewoman’ssuggestion？A.Hedoesn’ttakeitseriously.B.Hehasrejectedit.C.Hehasacceptedit.2.同義同錯(cuò)原則如果兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)表意相同或相近，就意味著它們都不能選。關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)——為了干擾考生判斷，往往會(huì)設(shè)一個(gè)與正確答案相反的選項(xiàng)作為陷阱，也就意味著如果兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思完全相反，那么答案很可能是其中的一個(gè)。3.反義有解原則Whydoesthewomanplantogototown？A.Topayherbillsinthebank.B.Tobuybooksinabookstore.C.Togetsomemoneyfromthebank.答案很可能是A或C長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)中一般設(shè)計(jì)2—3個(gè)問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題往往形成了一個(gè)信息鏈，考生可以從中預(yù)測(cè)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試內(nèi)容，有時(shí)甚至問(wèn)題本身就泄露了答案。4.呼應(yīng)原則第二步：聽(tīng)——為了避免心理緊張等情緒，可做深呼吸，放松心情，使自己處于最佳心理狀態(tài)。如果某一句話(huà)聽(tīng)不明白，暫時(shí)放棄，以免影響后面的答題?！?tīng)完聽(tīng)力后，不要再回過(guò)頭去檢查或修改自己的答案。因?yàn)?，?jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)原理及對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行采訪的結(jié)果表明：在大多數(shù)情況下，改動(dòng)越多，錯(cuò)誤率越高。2．相信第一感覺(jué)小對(duì)話(huà)典型題型分析(part1)1.場(chǎng)景型問(wèn)題2.人物關(guān)系及身份題3.數(shù)字型問(wèn)題5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題4.推理判斷題一、場(chǎng)景型問(wèn)題解題技巧：a.分析選項(xiàng)目,預(yù)測(cè)可能出現(xiàn)的詞匯,短語(yǔ),句子.b.仔細(xì)辨認(rèn)對(duì)話(huà)中的語(yǔ)境相關(guān)詞,特別是場(chǎng)景詞匯及習(xí)慣用語(yǔ).menu,bill,order,tip,hamburger,sandwich,takemedicine,pill,headache,bloodpressurefever,luggage,singleroom,doubleroom,roomnumber,reserve,book餐館（restaurant）賓館（hotel）mail,deliver,stampenvelope,telegram郵局(postoffice）醫(yī)院（hospital）where2020年全國(guó)1卷高考真題1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataswimmingpool.B.Inaclothingshop.C.Ataschoollab.W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’dliketotrythisjacketon,please.W:OK,thechangingroomsareoverthere.2020年全國(guó)II卷高考真題1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inthepostoffice.

C.Inthestreet.Text1M:Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestsupermarket?W:It’sonPenny’sRoad.Gopastthepostoffice,andit’sonyourleft.二、人物關(guān)系及身份題解題技巧：仔細(xì)辨認(rèn)對(duì)話(huà)中的職業(yè)相關(guān)詞,抓住其相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行答題。b.在聽(tīng)人物之間關(guān)系的題目時(shí)，說(shuō)話(huà)人之間的語(yǔ)氣尤其重要，如果是上司跟下屬之間的關(guān)系，語(yǔ)氣一般較強(qiáng)硬，有命令的意味；而如果是夫妻之間，則語(yǔ)氣較為甜蜜，隨意；朋友之間較親切；服務(wù)員對(duì)顧客一般較尊敬。職業(yè)與人物間的關(guān)系husbandandwifeassistantandcustomerdoctorandpatientteacherandstudentKeywordsrelationdear,darling,sweetheart,mylove,cook,TV,dinnersize,color,tryon,discount,CanIhelpyou?職業(yè)與人物間的關(guān)系husbandandwifeassistantandcustomerdoctorandpatientteacherandstudentKeywordsrelationtrouble,check,pain,fever,prescription,dentistprofessor,subject,homework,questions,major(專(zhuān)業(yè)),handin,人物關(guān)系及身份題(Text5)W:HiAndy.Ididn’tseeyouinProfessorSmith’sclassyesterday.Whathappened?M:Well,Ihadaheadache,soIcalledhimandaskedforsickleave.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.解題技巧：a.要注意區(qū)分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音；辨別多位數(shù)，如電話(huà)號(hào)碼，門(mén)牌等。b.無(wú)論是哪種計(jì)算，其特點(diǎn)是計(jì)算都較簡(jiǎn)單，一般不會(huì)超出口算和心算的范圍。在做題的過(guò)程當(dāng)中,最好做簡(jiǎn)要的筆記。這類(lèi)題的特點(diǎn)是學(xué)生聽(tīng)到什么就選什么往往會(huì)錯(cuò)。三、數(shù)字型問(wèn)題2020年全國(guó)1卷聽(tīng)力第六段材料7.WhenisPetegoingtoseeLucy?A.At6:00pm.B.At6:45pm.C.At8:00pm.數(shù)字型問(wèn)題(Text6)M:Hi,Lucy,thisisPete.W:Hi,what’sup?M:Listen,I’mafraidI’llbealittlelatetonight.RememberIsaidearlierthatIwouldpickyouupatsix?Now,I’mgoingtomeetyouataboutaquartertoseven,asthere’sbeenaproblemhereatwork.W:OK.Don’tworry.Thefilmbeginsateight.I’llwait.M:Good.GetsomethingtoeatbeforeIarrive.Okay?W:Iwill.四、推理判斷題解題技巧：1．捕捉“弦外之音“，如降調(diào)表示贊同肯定；升調(diào)表示懷疑、驚訝或否定。2．側(cè)重but詞后的信息，這些詞后的信息往往比較重要。3．注意一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用，如虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與事實(shí)相反；否定比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)；IwishIcouldbein2placesatonce.Itcouldn’tbebetter.Icouldn’tagreemore.Youcannever/notbetoocarefulIhaveneverseenabetterfilm.

I’dlike…,but…Iwasplanningto…,but…I’msorrytohearthat,but…That’sgreat,but…常見(jiàn)句型：聽(tīng)力中要特別注意but后的內(nèi)容。因?yàn)閎ut前的往往是婉轉(zhuǎn)的客套話(huà)，而后面的才是真正的心里話(huà)，在口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中更常見(jiàn)的還有以下幾個(gè)連接標(biāo)志：tobehonest,totellthetruth,infact,asamatteroffact,actually等but詞(Text4)M:Iamsotiredofdrivingallthosehourstowork.W:Yeah,Iknowwhatyoumean.Iusedtodrivetwohourstoworkeachway.ButnowIlivewithinwalkingdistanceofmyoffice.Idon’tevenneedabike.Howdoesthewomangotowork?A:Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.2018年全國(guó)I卷聽(tīng)力解題技巧：注意對(duì)話(huà)中肯定與否定回答.肯定回答:Yes/Absolutely/Iagreewithyou…;否定回答:I’msorry,I’mbusynow，I’mafraidIcan’t……常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)氣詞:well—委婉否定五、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題M:Canyoupossiblylendme$10?W:It'soutofthequestion.Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewoman?16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheapartment？A.It’squitelarge.B.It’swellfurnished.C.It’sworththemoney.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第16題。2020年全國(guó)1卷聽(tīng)力(Text9)W:Sowhatisyournewapartmentlike,Terry?M:Oh,it’sgreat.Therearetwobedrooms,anicekitchenandalivingroom.W:Soundsnice.M:Yeah.Andthereisagrocerystorenexttotheapartmentbuilding.Andthereisalaundryandafastfoodrestaurantacrossthestreet,soitisaquickwaytogetameal.W:That’sgood.Howmuchdoyoupayinrent?M:Well,Ihavearoommate,soIpayhalftherent.Thatis$275amonth,withgas,waterandelectricityincluded.AndtheInternetandsatelliteTVareseparate.W:That’sareallywonderfulprice.Howonearthdidyoufindaplacelikethat?M:Ojustfounditonline.W:Great.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11。11.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisperformancetoday?A.Greatlyencouraged.B.Abitdissatisfied.C.Terriblydisappointed.2020年全國(guó)1卷聽(tīng)力(Text8)W:Welldone!Congratulations!Howareyoufeeling?M:Tired.I’mjusttired.W:Butyoudidsowelltogetsecondplaceintoday’scarrace.M:Well,Icameouthereaimingforthegold.IgotthirdplacelasttimeanditwasnottheresultIhadhopedfor.W:Whathappenedtoday?Youwerelookingextremelygoodatthestart.M:Iblewit.Thecarwasabitoutofcontrol.W:Somepeoplemighthavegivenupatthatpoint.M:Iwasdeterminedtodoittofinishtheround.W:Sowhatnow?M:Tomorrowisgoingtobetough,muchtougherthantoday.W:Well,Ithinkyoushowedgreatdeterminationtoday.Goodluckfortomorrowandthanksforspeakingtous.根據(jù)對(duì)大量試題的統(tǒng)計(jì)，所提出的問(wèn)題有90%左右都與speaker2說(shuō)話(huà)內(nèi)容有關(guān)。所以我們要特別注意speaker2的回答。當(dāng)題干是：Whatdoesthewomanthinkof……?注意聽(tīng)女聲；如果題干是：Whatdoesthemanimply/suggest...?聽(tīng)男聲。小貼士：考前建議

1、加強(qiáng)“兩讀”，培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感(靈敏度)

“兩讀”指的是閱讀和朗讀。因?yàn)殚喿x是外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中重要的“輸入過(guò)程”，也就是積累過(guò)程。有了足夠的積累，才能有豐富的詞匯及背景知識(shí)。在閱讀時(shí)，應(yīng)有目的地選擇難易適中的相關(guān)讀物。這樣有選擇性的閱讀既能提高英語(yǔ)的分析能力，又能訓(xùn)練自己的思維。同時(shí)盡量做到分類(lèi)閱讀，使題材和體裁多樣化，避免單一的閱讀。2、養(yǎng)成良好聽(tīng)音習(xí)慣，保持良好的心理狀態(tài)，對(duì)于提高聽(tīng)力非常重要。在聽(tīng)音過(guò)程中，有相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生不能直接用英語(yǔ)理解聽(tīng)力材料，而是借助漢語(yǔ)先經(jīng)過(guò)“心譯”的中間過(guò)程，這無(wú)形中增加了理解的中間環(huán)節(jié)，要跟上語(yǔ)流就會(huì)產(chǎn)生困難。這種不良習(xí)慣只有通過(guò)較大量的實(shí)踐逐步克服過(guò)來(lái)（訓(xùn)練效率）。3、平時(shí)訓(xùn)練不能急于求成，要循序漸進(jìn),堅(jiān)持每日一聽(tīng)。在聽(tīng)音過(guò)程中，對(duì)聽(tīng)不懂的詞或句或不會(huì)做的題目就暫時(shí)放過(guò)，不要耗費(fèi)時(shí)間去苦思冥想，切忌因急躁而影響后面的內(nèi)容和試題。因此，保持輕松、沉著的心態(tài)十分重要。高考聽(tīng)力常見(jiàn)十五大場(chǎng)景1Restaurant餐廳

waiter/waitress男/女侍者餐館place餐館Pizzahut必勝客breadtalks面包新語(yǔ)buffet自助餐snackfood小吃

Italianplace意式餐廳fork叉knife刀spoon勺beef牛肉;chicken雞肉;sandwich三文治;toast土司friedrice炒米飯;shrimp蝦;dessert甜點(diǎn)steak牛排;Mcdonald'sspicydrumstickburger麥辣雞腿漢堡付賬我請(qǐng)客Letmetreatyou.It'smytreat.我來(lái)買(mǎi)單：Iwillcheckout.pickupthebill.Footthebillpickupthetable請(qǐng)客：It'sonme.AA制：Let'sgoDutch.各人付自己的帳Let'sgofifty-fifty.2.Postoffice郵局

mail(send，post)aletter寄信telegram，cable電報(bào)postage郵資airmail航空信overweight超重registeredletter掛號(hào)信stamp郵票express快件3.Inthelibraryreferenceroom參考書(shū)閱覽室periodicalroom期刊閱覽室copier復(fù)印機(jī)studylounge自習(xí)室circulationdesk借書(shū)處checkout外借return還書(shū)renew續(xù)借magneticallycoded磁性條碼demagnetis消磁librarian圖書(shū)館長(zhǎng),圖書(shū)管理員booknumber書(shū)號(hào)catalogue書(shū)目index索引volume卷，宗librarycard借書(shū)卡規(guī)章制度：writingpermission書(shū)面許可bookreservation預(yù)定due到期over-due超期fine罰款reservedlibrarybooks館內(nèi)收藏書(shū)checkout外借return還書(shū)paythefine罰款期刊：magazine雜志journal/periodical期刊quarterly季刊backnumber過(guò)刊currentissue現(xiàn)刊latestnumber最新一期.

4.Hospital

emergencyroom急診室dentist牙醫(yī)surgeon外科醫(yī)生physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生treatment治療o(wú)peration手術(shù)examine體檢visitinghours探視時(shí)間prescription處方pill藥丸tablet藥片capsule膠囊cough咳嗽cancer癌癥fever發(fā)燒flu流感vomit嘔吐heartattack心臟病dizzy頭暈faint昏迷stomachache胃疼，肚子疼wornout疲乏highbloodpressure高血壓1醫(yī)院場(chǎng)景

內(nèi)科醫(yī)生physician外科醫(yī)生surgeon牙科醫(yī)生dentist醫(yī)院的部門(mén)名稱(chēng)：候診室waitingroom急診室emergencydepartment小診所clinic醫(yī)療中心healthcenter校醫(yī)院infirmary體檢physicalexamination常見(jiàn)的藥品：阿斯匹林aspirin劑量dosage吃藥takethepill/takemedicine藥方prescription打針injection抓藥filltheprescription一天三次takethepillsthreetimesaday常見(jiàn)的生病癥狀：

癥狀symptom感冒catchacold病愈getover發(fā)燒haveafever溫度temperature咳嗽cough流鼻涕runningnose肚子痛stomachache過(guò)敏beallergicto心臟病heartattack骨折fracture流血bleeding5.Hotel旅館

makeareservation/bookaroom訂房間(DoyouhaveareservationSir?)checkin登記人住/checkout結(jié)賬/fee房費(fèi)receptiondesk接待處(Isthereanyroomavailablehere?)

singleroom單人房間/doubleroom雙人房間/suite套間hotwater開(kāi)水/air-conditioner空調(diào)/bathroom浴室fillin/up/outaform填表accommodation住宿fullup住滿(mǎn)了(Alltheroomareoccupied.)RoomService客房服務(wù)臺(tái)Mealsincluded.包括飲食Porter搬運(yùn)工6.Bank銀行

openanaccount開(kāi)戶(hù)interestrate利率bankbook存折draw/withdrawmoney取錢(qián)teller出納員overdraw透支check支票creditcard信用卡Visa信用卡incash現(xiàn)金ATM自動(dòng)取款機(jī)

7.Airplane飛機(jī)flight航班/passenger乘客departure離開(kāi)/land著陸/Takeoff起飛passport護(hù)照/seesb.off送行behindschedule晚點(diǎn)cancle取消Welcomeonboard歡迎登機(jī)captain機(jī)長(zhǎng)/air-hostess,air-stewardess空中小姐pilot飛行員Fastenyourseat-belt系好安全帶emergency緊急情況parachute降落傘Economyclass經(jīng)濟(jì)艙businessclass商務(wù)艙first-class頭等艙機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景起飛takeoff降落land盤(pán)旋circle登機(jī)門(mén)boardinggatedeparturegate登機(jī)牌boardingpass離港departure起飛時(shí)間departuretime機(jī)場(chǎng)費(fèi)airportfare辦理登記手續(xù)checkin行李柜臺(tái)baggagecounter準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到達(dá)arriveonschedule晚點(diǎn)behindschedule預(yù)定航班makeareservation8·Office公司辦公室

post;position職位:boss老板secretary秘書(shū);

salesrepresentative銷(xiāo)售代表；manager經(jīng)理;employee雇員;

interview面試:interviewee面試者interviewer面試官;jobapplicant求職者;candidate求職者;resume簡(jiǎn)歷;typealetter打印信件;sendafax發(fā)傳真arrangethefile整理文件;printer打印機(jī);qualification資歷;getaraise漲工資;salary工資

9電話(huà)場(chǎng)景：

operator接線(xiàn)員Thelineisbusy/engaged.電話(huà)占線(xiàn)longdistancecall長(zhǎng)途電話(huà)putthrough接通電話(huà)holdon/upHoldtheline,please.Hello!Thisis…speaking.Who’sspeaking?/whoisthis?call/telephone/ring/phonesb.;givesb.acall/ringI’llcallbacklater/again.I’llringhim/herupagain.Icouldn’tgetthrough.Sorry,I’mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.

電話(huà)種類(lèi)：longdistancecall長(zhǎng)途電話(huà)overseacall越洋電話(huà)collectcall對(duì)方付款電話(huà)incomingcall打進(jìn)的電話(huà)outgoingcall往外打的電話(huà)phonebooth公用電話(huà)payphone投幣式電話(huà)打電話(huà)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題：IamsorryIdialedthewrongnumber.撥錯(cuò)電話(huà)Thelineisbusy/engaged.占線(xiàn)Theconnectionisbad.信號(hào)不好Thephoneisnotclear.聽(tīng)不清楚常用表達(dá)：電話(huà)本telephonebook/directory電話(huà)聽(tīng)筒receiver電話(huà)賬單phonebill掛上電話(huà)hangup先別掛handon掛掉電話(huà)Lineisdead.別掛電話(huà)holdonforamoment

10購(gòu)物場(chǎng)景：

store雜貨店departmentstore百貨商場(chǎng)shoppingcenter購(gòu)物中心商品信息：size;color;style;pricelowbargain便宜貨流行的（popular/fashionable）；infashion流行，時(shí)尚outoffashion過(guò)時(shí)的brand品牌counter柜臺(tái)payincash用現(xiàn)金支付payincheck用支票支付outofstock脫銷(xiāo)/缺貨instock有貨

商店的常見(jiàn)表達(dá)：

百貨商店departmentstore超市supermarket購(gòu)物中心shoppingmall

價(jià)格便宜的說(shuō)法：It’sarealbargain.It’sagoodbargain.It’scheapindeed.It’sagooddeal.It’sagoodbuy.價(jià)格合理的說(shuō)法：

It’saffordable/acceptable.Thepriceisfair/reasonable.價(jià)格貴的說(shuō)法：Thepriceissteep.Thepriceishigh.付款方式的說(shuō)法：直接付款payincash支票付款paybycheck信用卡付款paywithcreditcard分期付款paybyinstallment打折的常見(jiàn)說(shuō)法：打九折tooffera10%discount打五折50%off降價(jià)出售onsale便宜貨bargain討價(jià)還價(jià)tobargainwithsb.常見(jiàn)商品的表達(dá)：文具用品stationery化妝品cosmetics男士服裝Men’sWear女士服裝Women’sWear體育用品部sportsweardepartment休閑服裝casuelwear電子類(lèi)產(chǎn)品eletronicproducts數(shù)碼攝像機(jī)digitalvideocamera

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購(gòu)物dosomeshopping就是逛逛dowindowshopping購(gòu)物單shoppinglist商品標(biāo)簽pricetag收據(jù)receipt商品目錄catalog收銀臺(tái)checkoutcounter發(fā)票