Unit+1+Science+and+Scientists+Words+and+Expressions+單詞變形及講解課件【知識精講精研】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

ScienceandscientistsXXXWordsandExpressionsUnit11.severeadj.嚴重的，惡劣的→severelyadv.嚴重地2.frustratedadj.懊惱的，失意的→frustratingadj.令人懊惱的，令人沮喪的

→frustrationn.懊惱，沮喪；3.contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的，對立的→contradictv.反駁，相互矛盾→contradictionn.反駁，矛盾4.infectv.傳染，污染，（某種感情或興趣）影響→infectionn.傳染，感染→disinfection消毒，殺菌

→infectiousadj.傳染性的，有感染力的→infectedadj.受感染的，受污染的；5.subscribev.認購，定期訂購→subscriptionn.訂購費，訂閱6.provev.證明→proofn.證據(jù)，證明TransformationTransformation7.suspectv.猜想，懷疑，不信任；n.嫌疑犯→suspectedadj.有嫌疑的→

suspiciousadj.感覺可疑的；持懷疑態(tài)度的→suspicionn.懷疑8.intervention

n.介入;出面;干涉→intervenevi.介入;干涉

9.pureadj.純的，不慘雜質(zhì)的，純真的→purelyadv.純粹地，僅僅，完全地→purifyv.使?jié)崈簦瑑艋?0.substantial

adj.大量的;價值巨大的;重大的→substancen.物質(zhì);物品;事實根據(jù)

11.decrease_v.減少→increase（反）增加12.transformv.使改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變→transformationn.改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變

13.initial

adj.最初的;開始的;第一的→initiallyadv.起初

14.mechanical

adj.機械的;發(fā)動機的;機器的→mechanicn.機械師;機械修理工

15.theoryn.理論→theoreticaladj.理論上的16.defendv.保衛(wèi)，辯解→defencen.防御，辯護→defensiveadj.防御的，防守的17.assistantn.助理，助手→assistancen.幫助，援助；18.giftedadj.有天賦的，天資聰穎的→giftn.禮物，恩賜，天賦，才能；19.steadyadj.穩(wěn)定的;平穩(wěn)的;穩(wěn)步的→steadilyadv.平穩(wěn)地;持續(xù)地

Transformation

20.astronomyn.天文學(xué)→astronomern.天文學(xué)家21.brilliantadj.聰明的→brilliancen.聰明，才華22.faultn.錯誤，責(zé)任，故障→faultyadj.有故障的，有缺陷的→faultlessadj.完美的，無缺點的；23.vividadj.生動的，鮮明的，豐富的→vividlyadv.生動地，強烈地Transformationfrustratedadj.沮喪的，懊惱的frustrationn.沮喪，懊惱，挫敗frustrationeducation挫折教育frustratingnews令人沮喪的消息befrustratedat/with…對…感到沮喪contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的，對立的

self-contradictory

自相矛盾的contradictionn.反駁，矛盾contradictv.反駁，相互矛盾contradictoneself

自相矛盾infectv.感染infectiousdisease傳染病aninfectedfinger:受感染的手指

infectionn.感染infectiousv.傳染性的infectedadj.受感染的，受細菌污染的

被...感染_________________beinfectedwithsubscribev.贊成，同意；訂閱

subscriptionn.捐助，訂閱subscribeto...訂閱，訂購;贊成subscribetoamagazine訂閱雜志subscribetoaview贊同觀點

寫出句中subscribeto的含義(1)Manycompaniessubscribedgenerouslytothefootballclub.___________

(2)Whichjournalsdoesthelibrarysubscribeto?____________

(3)Personally,I’veneversubscribedtotheviewthateithersexissuperiortotheother.____________(4)Theyrefusedtosubscribetotheagreement._______________

捐贈訂閱同意簽字suspectv.猜想，懷疑

n.嫌疑犯，可疑分子

suspectsbof(doing)sth懷疑某人(做)某事suspectsbtobe/as...懷疑某人是...suspicionn.懷疑suspiciousadj.感覺可疑的

be~of:懷疑...suspectedadj.有嫌疑的suspectedpeople:嫌疑人

單句語法填空(1)Thepolicesuspecthim______havingtakenthemoney.(2)Thepolicesuspectedthedesigner__________(be)themurderer.(3)Two__________(suspect)inconnectionwiththekillingarenowbeingquestioned.(4)Theysuspectedmeof_________(have)somethingtodowiththeaffair.(6)Thetwoofficials_________________(suspect)ofhavingreceivedabribe(賄賂).oftobesuspectshavingare/weresuspected①Hemadeanapologysoasnottobeblamed

whathehaddone.②Don’talwaysblameyourownfailure____others.Sometimesyouyourselfare_________(blame)．③Heisreadytotaketheblame

whathashappened.forontoblameforblamesb._____sth.因…而指責(zé)某人blamesth.____sb.把某事歸咎于某人be__________(blame)_____sth.因…該受責(zé)備(主動表被動)bear/taketheblame______sth.對某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任

put/laytheblame______sb.怪罪某人ontoblameforforforon

blamevt.把……歸咎于;責(zé)怪n.責(zé)備;指責(zé)Iamtobeblameforcarelessnesshandlev.

拿；處理，應(yīng)付

n.

把手，拉手handlewith...處理linkv.連接；與……有關(guān)聯(lián).（事物間的）聯(lián)系，關(guān)系；linkAto/withB將A與B聯(lián)系/連接起來linkthenewtotheold:把新舊聯(lián)系起來

decreasen.減少；減少量

vt.&vi.(使大小、數(shù)量等)減少；減?。唤档?1)decreaseby

減少了decrease(from...)to

(從……)減少到decreasein

在某方面降低(2)onthedecrease

在下降；在減少adecreaseinsth

某方面的減少/下降

單句語法填空(1)Thenumberofstudentsineachclassis__________thedecrease.(2)Thedecrease__________saleswasalmost20percent.(3)Thetemperaturewilldecrease________belowfreezing(冰點)tonight.(4)Thelatestwarmperiodhascausedthenumberofglacierstodecrease_______150in1850to26today.完成句子(1)Recentlythepriceofthehousesinmanybigcities________________（降低了）10%.onintofromhasdecreasedbycast

v.投射（光，影）；將（視線，目光）投向

becastdown(bysth)（因某事）沮喪Don'tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureinthestudy.不要在學(xué)習(xí)中因一個小的失敗而灰心喪氣breakoutv.爆發(fā)；突發(fā)breakdown打破；出故障；垮掉

breakup(with)分裂；解體breakin打斷；破門而入breakawayfrom脫離；掙脫breakthrough突破defend...from/against...保護……免受……defendoneself為自己辯護；自衛(wèi)defencen.防御；保衛(wèi)indefence(of)保護；為了保衛(wèi)；(為……)辯護inone'sdefence為某人辯護defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解

單句語法填空①

Somepeoplethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrainedtodefendthemselves

someattacks.②

Whenthedogattackedtheboy,hedefended

(he)withastick.③

HehasemployedoneoftheUK'stoplawyers

(defend)him.④

Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthefloodin

(defend)oftheirownhomes.⑤

Thedamwasbuiltto

awaybythesea.建筑這座堤壩是為了保護公路不被海水沖垮。against/fromhimselftodefenddefencedefendtheroadfrombeingwashedinchargeof主管；掌管（表主動）

(1)

takechargeof掌管/負責(zé)……

inthechargeof受……的管理；由……負責(zé)

freeofcharge＝forfree免費(2)

charge

v.收費；要價；控告；充電

chargesb.forsth.為某物向某人收取費用

chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事

單句語法填空①

Aslongasyou’epaidinadvance,wewon’tchargeyou________

delivery.②

Thepolicechargedthethief

stealingthejewels.③

Aseriesofactivitiesrelatedtostudyandsportsare

thechargeofthestudentsintheEnglishDepartment.④

Weallhopeyouwill

theorganizationoftheschoolartfestival.

我們都希望你負責(zé)這次校園藝術(shù)節(jié)的組織工作。forwithinbeinchargeof/takechargeof

翻譯句子1.這位廚師負責(zé)管理幫廚。

2.史密斯大夫受命負責(zé)這個部門。（beassignedto）

3.全部飲料包括啤酒在內(nèi)免費。

Thecookisinchargeofthekitchenhelper.DrSmithisassignedtotakechargeofthedepartment.

Allthedrinksincludingbeerarefreeofcharge.comedownwith

患（病）；染上（小病）

1.IthinkIamcomingdownwithflu.2.Thecoldrain

camedown

forhours.3.Thesuccessoftheprojectwillultimatelycomedowntoeffectivecommunication.4.PerhapsIshallcomeacrosshiminFrance.5.Wedonotknowwhenthisworldcameintobeing.6.Isthatthebestexcuseyoucancomeupwith?7.Howdidthisunhappyaffairscomeabout?8.Ifyou’restuckforsomethingtodotonight,com