外研版高中英語(yǔ)必修三 （Disaster and hope）SectionA 新課件

Unit6Disasterandhope

SectionAThe

Science

of

EarthquakesWhatisanearthquake?Thesurfaceoftheearthisdividedintodifferentpieces.Thesearecalledtectonic

plates①.Whentwoplatessuddenlyslippastoneanother,anearthquakehappens.Thisshakesthegroundandeverythingonit.Whatcauseearthquakesandwheredotheyhappen?Theearthhasfourmainlayers②.Theyareinnercore,outercore,mantle③andtheearth’scrust④.Thecrustandthetopofthemantlemakeupathinskinonthesurfaceoftheplanet.Butthisskinisnotallinonepiece.Itisactuallymadeupofmanytectonicplates.Theyarelikepuzzlepieces.Thesepiecesarealwaysslidingaroundandbumpingintoeachother.Sometimestheiredgesgetstucktogether.Whenthishappens,therestoftheplatekeepsmoving.Eventuallytheedgescomeunstuck.Thatiswhenanearthquakehappens.Whydoestheearthshakewhenthereisanearthquake?Earthquakessendoutwavesinalldirections.Whentheyreachtheearth’ssurface,theyshaketheground.Therearedifferenttypesofearthquakewaves.ThePwavesqueezesandstretchestheearth.TheSwaveshakeitupanddown.Howareearthquakesrecorded?Scientistsusespecialtoolstorecordandmeasureearthquakes.Thesetoolsarecalledseismographs⑤.Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.Theycanalsotellscientiststhesizeofanearthquake.

詞海拾貝①tectonicplate構(gòu)造板塊②layern.層③mantlen.地幔④crustn.地殼⑤seismographn.地震儀典句欣賞Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.譯文:地震儀的記錄告訴科學(xué)家地震發(fā)生的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。分析:該句子中Recordings為主語(yǔ),fromseismographs為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾Recordings;tell為謂語(yǔ),scientists作tell的間接賓語(yǔ);whenandwhereanearthquaketookplace為賓語(yǔ)從句。理解誘思1.Whatsignsbeforeanearthquake?答案:Brightlightflashinthesky.Thewaterinthewellrisesandfalls.Chickensareflyinganddogsarebarking,andpigsandcowsaretoonervous.Fishjumpoutofthepond,andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields.2.Whatshouldwedoincasethereisanearthquake?答案:Besuretostaycalmanddoeverythingtheteachertellsyou.Ifyouareinclass,takecoverunderdeskquicklyanddonotmoveuntilthefloorstopsshaking.Ifyouareontheplayground,staywhereyouare,crouchandprotectyourhead.Don’tstandnearhighbuildingsthatmayfalldownanddon’tjumpoffthebuilding.Helpyourclassmatesifyoucanandtrytogothroughthedisastertogether.

Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解

disastertubepluseruptimmediatelyhurricaneoccurannouncement對(duì)……做出回應(yīng),反應(yīng)面臨,面對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì),解決撿起當(dāng)然與……比起來(lái)成功瀏覽由于而且,除此之外Ⅱ.詞匯拓展1.eruptv.→

(n.)

2.immediatelyadv.&conj.→

(adj.)

3.occurv.→

(n.)→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)

4.announcementn.→

(v.)

eruptionimmediateoccurrenceoccurredannounceⅢ.閱讀導(dǎo)學(xué)根據(jù)pp.62-63課文內(nèi)容,回答下列問(wèn)題。1.Whereistheauthor?2.Wheredoestheauthorprobablyworkin?3.WhydoestheauthorwanttogotoBankstation?4.Whatplansdoestheauthormakeforthefuture?5.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenheseesthephotosinthenewspaper?答案:1.Inthetube/subway.2.Inabank.3.Toavoidthebadfeelingbythinkingaboutwork.4.Heplanstoputhisflatonthemarketandbuyaboat;speakwithmymanageraboutmovingtothetopfloor;learntoswimandjoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.5.Hefeelsnervous.重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式1.pick

up

拿起;卷起;掀起【課文原句】Picking

upafreenewspaperattheTubestation,Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot”.在地鐵站撿到一份免費(fèi)報(bào)紙,我看到標(biāo)題是“熱!熱!很熱”?！驹~匯精講】pickup在該句子中表示“拿起”,同時(shí),它還有“拾起;接收(信號(hào));(偶然)學(xué)會(huì);整理;接載;情況好轉(zhuǎn)”等含義。Hepicked

upsomeFrenchwordswhilelivingwithaFrenchman.他和一個(gè)法國(guó)人住在一起時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了一些法語(yǔ)單詞。Theschoolbuspicks

upthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.校車(chē)每天接送孩子們?nèi)?。Theequipmentpicked

upthesignalfromthesatellite.設(shè)備接收到衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的信號(hào)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【巧學(xué)助記】

重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【詞匯拓展】pickoneselfup跌倒后站起來(lái)pickupspeed加速pickon挑剔;捉弄;選中pickoff摘下pickout挑選;辨認(rèn)出重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式2.average

adj.平均的;普通的;正(平)常的【課文原句】TheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees,soover30isnotusualforLondon.7月份的平均高溫只有22度,因此倫敦的氣溫通常不會(huì)超過(guò)30度。【詞匯精講】average在該句子中為形容詞,表示“平均的”。它還有名詞的詞性,表示“平均數(shù);平均水平;一般水準(zhǔn)”;還可以作動(dòng)詞,表示“平均為;計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù)”。Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃abovetheaverage.去年是有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年,比全球平均氣溫高了0.68度。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【詞匯拓展】anaverageof平均有on(the)average平均起來(lái)aboveaverage在平均水平以上belowaverage在平均水平以下uptoaverage達(dá)到平均水平averageout算出平均數(shù)Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,an

average

of40,000peryear.去年畢業(yè)時(shí)就有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到二十萬(wàn),平均每年四萬(wàn)。On

average,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.美國(guó)平均每年有800場(chǎng)龍卷風(fēng),導(dǎo)致約80人死亡,1500人受傷。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式3

pare

v.

比較;匹敵;比喻;相比n.比較【課文原句】This,however,isnothingcomparedtothetrain.然而,這與火車(chē)比起來(lái)不算什么?！驹~匯精講】compare為動(dòng)詞,在該句子中表示“比較,相比”。Don’tcompareyourstrengthwithothers’weakness,whichismeaningless.不要拿自己的長(zhǎng)處和別人的短處做比較,這是沒(méi)有意義的。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【詞匯拓展】compare...with...把……和……相比較compare...to...把……比作……comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作狀語(yǔ))beyond/withoutcompare無(wú)與倫比,舉世無(wú)雙comparisonn.比較;對(duì)照;比喻incomparisonwith與……相比Ateacherisoftencompared

toacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond/without

compare.老師常被比作蠟燭。那是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)工作的投入是無(wú)與倫比的。Compared

toyourcontributionsourscountforlittle.與你們的貢獻(xiàn)比較起來(lái),我們的算不了什么。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式4.immediately

adv.即刻,馬上【課文原句】I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.我馬上就要參加一個(gè)游泳初學(xué)者班?！驹~匯精講】在該句子中immediately為副詞,修飾動(dòng)詞join,表示“立即,馬上”。

同時(shí)immediately還可以用作連詞,意為“一……就”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Thetelephonerang,andheanswereditimmediately.電話鈴響了,他馬上去接?！驹~匯拓展】immediateadj.立即的;直接的AsfarasIcansee,immediateactionshouldbetaken.依我看,必須立即采取措施。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【名師點(diǎn)津】immediately表示“一……就”,相當(dāng)于directly,instantly和assoonas,在它們所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Immediatelyyoubegintospeak,hegivesyouhisfullattention.你只要一開(kāi)始說(shuō)話,他就會(huì)全神貫注地聽(tīng)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式5.cause

n.原因,起因;理由,緣故v.導(dǎo)致,使發(fā)生【課文原句】What’smore,heavyraininEasternEuropehascausedlandslidesandtheheatacrossSouthernEuropehascausedforestfires.此外,東歐的大雨導(dǎo)致了山體滑坡,整個(gè)南歐的高溫導(dǎo)致了森林火災(zāi)?！驹~匯精講】cause在該句子中為動(dòng)詞,表示“導(dǎo)致,使發(fā)生”,相當(dāng)于leadto。同時(shí),cause還可用作名詞,表示“……的原因”。Joe’sabsencefromschoolwascausedbyillness.因?yàn)樯?喬沒(méi)有上學(xué)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【詞匯拓展】causesbsth給某人造成某種結(jié)果causesb/sthtodosth導(dǎo)致某人做某事;引起某物……causedamage/lossto對(duì)……造成損失、損壞thecauseof...……的原因causeandeffect因果Thepoorharvestcaused

prices

to

risesharply.收成不好導(dǎo)致價(jià)格急劇上漲。Drunkdrivingisoneofthemostcommoncauses

oftrafficaccidents.酒后駕駛是交通事故最普遍的原因之一。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式6.occur

v.

發(fā)生【課文原句】Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.專(zhuān)家說(shuō)由于氣候變化,這種糟糕的天氣已經(jīng)發(fā)生了?！驹~匯精講】occur為不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“發(fā)生”。occur的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞形式要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母,即occurred。Agoodideaoccurred

tomewhenIwokeupthismorning.今天早上醒來(lái)我突然想到一個(gè)好主意。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【詞匯拓展】sthoccurstosb某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosbtodosth某人突然想起做某事Itsuddenlyoccurred

tomethatwhilewetriedtoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,theyactuallytaughtuswhatlifewasallabout.我突然想起,當(dāng)我們?cè)噲D教我們的孩子們關(guān)于生活的一切時(shí),他們實(shí)際上卻教會(huì)了我們什么是生活的全部。Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneverevenoccurred

toher.她根本沒(méi)有想到她可能會(huì)錯(cuò)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】表達(dá)“發(fā)生”時(shí),occur與happen可以互換;另外occur,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout等表示“發(fā)生”的短語(yǔ)都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式Looking

through

my

newspaper,I’m

shocked

by

photos

showing

that

a

hurricane

in

Asia

has

destroyed

a

town.瀏覽報(bào)紙時(shí)我被一些照片所震驚,照片上顯示亞洲的一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)已經(jīng)毀壞了一座城鎮(zhèn)。【句式剖析】lookingthroughmynewspaper為動(dòng)詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ),showing為動(dòng)詞-ing形式作photos的后置定語(yǔ)。ThefilmwillbeshownthisSundayafternoon,lasting2hours,from4:00to6:00.這部影片將在本周日下午放映,持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí),從4:00到6:00。Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.近期這個(gè)醫(yī)院得到了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備,使得更多的病人得到治療。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【句式拓展】(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨情況等,可相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。Findingthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.=As/Becauseshefoundthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.發(fā)現(xiàn)這門(mén)課很難,她決定調(diào)低一級(jí)。(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ),含有一般式(doing),完成式(havingdone)以及完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone)。如果表示否定,not放在動(dòng)詞-ing形式前面。Isatattheback,neverdaringtospeak.我坐在后面,從不敢吭聲。Havingwrittendownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemanletusgo.那警察把我們的姓名和地址記下之后就讓我們走了。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式【名師點(diǎn)津】判斷用動(dòng)詞-ing形式還是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵是要分清其與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系,是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng),其次就是分清楚其動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式ⅠⅡⅢ單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Theearthquakewasoneoftheworstnaturald

thecountryhaseversuffered.

答案:disasters2.Observecarefullyifanychangeo

whendoingexperimentsinthelab.

答案:occurs3.Thesuppliesweresenttothelocalpeoplei

theearthquakehappened.

答案:immediately4.Hewitnessedavolcanic

(爆發(fā)).

答案:eruptionⅠⅡⅢ5.Wehaddinneratapizzaplacethathadbeendestroyedbythe

(颶風(fēng)).

答案:hurricane6.Theministermadethe

(通告)atanewsconference.

答案:announcement7.Heattheglass

(管子)tothepointthatitcanbend.

答案:tube8.Hereyouaretencopiesofthenewspaper,

(外加)threedictionaries.

答案:plusⅠⅡⅢ翻譯句子1.雖然廣告有很大的幫助,但我認(rèn)為我們