外研版高中英語必修三 （Disaster and hope）SectionB 新課件

Unit6Disasterandhope

SectionBⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解

forecastgrabreliablerescueemergencytyphoonblizzardexceptionallyclaimcrisisthreatensatelliteprecisely在路上;在旅行中朝……進(jìn)發(fā)多達(dá)作為……而出名盡可能遠(yuǎn)引起;導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致多于;超過隨著時(shí)間的過去注意確保承受;遭受省去;遺漏;不考慮Ⅱ.釋義匹配1.forecast A.toanexceptionaldegree2.reliable B.thatcanbetrustedtodosthwell;thatyoucanrelyon3.exceptionally C.topredictinadvance4.claim D.tobeadangertosth5.threaten E.demandasbeingone’sdueorproperty答案:1.C

2.B

3.A

4.E

5.DⅢ.用省略結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子1.當(dāng)我走在街上時(shí),我聽到有人叫我的名字。While

,Iheardmynamecalled.

2.這就是為什么我能讓人們的日子更美好。如果你不知道,誰會(huì)說另一個(gè)人會(huì)呢?That’swhyIhelpbrightenpeople’sdays.Ifyou

,who’stosaythatanotherpersonwill?

3.如果被錄用,你很快就會(huì)得到通知。

forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.

4.如果我知道日程安排的話,可能會(huì)省去一些麻煩。Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble

theschedule.

walkingalongthestreetdon’tIfacceptedhadIknown重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法1.on

the

way在途中;即將到來【課文原句】Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’son

the

wayorahot,dryperiod.例如,不尋常的動(dòng)物行為,可以表明即將到來的是寒冷潮濕的天氣,還是炎熱干燥的時(shí)期。【詞匯精講】ontheway在該句子中表示“即將到來”,同時(shí),它還有“在路上”的含義。后面常加to+地點(diǎn),表示“在去……的路上”。It’sannouncedthatahurricaneison

the

way.通知說颶風(fēng)即將到來。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【詞匯拓展】onthewaytosp在去某地的路上onthewayhome/here/there回家/來這兒/去那兒的路上intheway妨礙;擋道bytheway順便問一下inaway在某種程度上On

the

way

toschool,Itoldmyfathereverythingthathappenedyesteday.在去學(xué)校的路上,我告訴父親昨天所發(fā)生的一切事情。Fredtriedtogettothedoor,butthetablewasin

the

way.弗雷德試圖走近大門,可是桌子擋住了去路。IsawTomyesterday.By

the

way,hetoldmethathewouldgotoBeijing.我昨天看見湯姆了。哦,對(duì)了,他告訴我他要去北京。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法2.reliable

adj.可信賴的,可靠的【課文原句】So,foraccurateandreliablepredictions,it’sbesttocheckanofficial,scientificreport.所以,為了準(zhǔn)確可靠的預(yù)測(cè),最好檢查一份官方的科學(xué)報(bào)告?！驹~匯精講】reliable為形容詞,表示“可靠的”。它的動(dòng)詞為rely,表示“依賴,依靠”。Shepreparesreliablemovestouseifanewsituationarises.她把在新情況下能用得上的可靠動(dòng)作準(zhǔn)備好。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【詞匯拓展】relyonsbtodosth依靠某人做某事relyon(doing)sth依賴/信任/指望……relyonitthat...相信……,指望……Nowadaysthechildrenrelymoreontheirparentstodo/doingeverythingforthem.現(xiàn)在孩子們更多地依靠父母為他們做每件事。Youmayrely

on

it

thattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.你可以放心,這項(xiàng)工作將提前完成。【名師點(diǎn)津】下列句型中也要用it作形式賓語:dependon/seetoit+that從句;appreciateit+if從句;like/hateit+when從句。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法3.consist

of由……組成【課文原句】Consisting

of62people,itnotonlyincludedrescuersandmedicalstaff,butalsoincludedearthquakeexperts.它由62人組成,不僅包括救援人員和醫(yī)務(wù)人員,還包括地震專家?！驹~匯精講】consistof表示“由……組成”,不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài),但是可以用其動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語。Theworldconsists

ofsevencontinents.世界是由七大洲組成的。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【詞匯拓展】同義短語:bemadeupof;becomposedof由……組成consistin(=liein)在于;存在于consistwith與……一致/相符consistentadj.相容的;一致的beconsistentwith...和……一致;相符Ifwhatyousayisnotconsistent

withwhatyoudo,itwillhaveabadeffectonyourchildren.如果你言行不一,這將對(duì)你的孩子有不好的影響。Thebeautyoftheplanconsists

initssimplicity.這個(gè)計(jì)劃妙在簡(jiǎn)明扼要?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】由consist組成的幾個(gè)短語consistof/in/with都不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法4.up

to

多達(dá),直到,勝任,由……做決定【課文原文】Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costingthelivesofup

to300,000citizens.當(dāng)海嘯襲擊海岸時(shí),巨大的海嘯造成了嚴(yán)重的水災(zāi),造成多達(dá)30萬人喪生?！驹~匯精講】在該句子中upto表示“多達(dá)”,此外,upto還有“直到,勝任,由……做決定”之意。Ifyouadvertiseyourgoodsinadishonestway,youwillbefinedup

to50,000yuan.如果你不誠實(shí)地做廣告,你將被罰款多達(dá)5萬元。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【詞匯拓展】Itisuptosbtodosth由某人決定做某事;做某事是某人的職責(zé)liveupto符合(期望);不辜負(fù)addupto加起來共計(jì)lookupto尊重uptonow迄今為止uptodate最新的—Whatshallwedotonightthen?——我們今天晚上做什么呢?—It’sup

toyou—whateveryouwant.——你來決定,你想做什么都行。It’sup

tometoorganizesomewonderfulsinginganddancingperformancesforthem.為他們組織一些精彩的歌舞演出是我的職責(zé)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法5.threaten

v.

威脅到,危及【課文原句】Itledtoaseverefoodcrisisandthreatenedthelivelihoodsofmorethan9.5millionpeople.它導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的糧食危機(jī),并威脅到950多萬人的生計(jì)。【詞匯精講】threaten為及物動(dòng)詞,表示“威脅,危及”,還有“恐嚇”之意。Theybrokemywindowsandthreatenedme.他們打碎我的窗子并威脅我。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【詞匯拓展】threatensbwithsth用……威脅某人threatentodosth威脅/揚(yáng)言要做某事threateningadj.

危險(xiǎn)的;脅迫的;兇兆的threatn.威脅,恐嚇;兇兆Theterroristthreatenedthegovernmentwithabomb.恐怖分子用炸彈威脅政府。Officialsattheschoolsaytheyreceivedabombthreatatapproximately11:30a.m.today.學(xué)校的官員說他們?cè)诮裉焐衔?1點(diǎn)半左右收到過炸彈恐嚇。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法By

early

May,emergency

aid

worth

9.7

million

US

dollars

had

been

donated

by

China,with

a

further

round

of

emergency

aid

to

follow.到5月初,中國捐贈(zèng)了價(jià)值970萬美元的緊急援助,隨后還將提供另一輪緊急援助。【句式剖析】該句子為“by+過去時(shí)間”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,主句用過去完成時(shí),表示“到……時(shí),已經(jīng)……”。By

the

end

of

last

year,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompleted.到去年年底,又有一座新體育館竣工了。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法【句式拓展】(1)by+現(xiàn)在時(shí)間,和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用(2)by+過去時(shí)間,和過去完成時(shí)連用(3)by+將來時(shí)間,和將來完成時(shí)連用Hehastaughtinourschoolfor3yearsby

now.到現(xiàn)在為止,他在我們學(xué)校教學(xué)3年了。YouwillhavereachedShanghaiby

this

time

tomorrow.明天這個(gè)時(shí)候你將到達(dá)上海。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法省略無論在口語中還是在書面語中,有時(shí)為了講話簡(jiǎn)潔或行文方便,常常在不影響文意的情況下將句子中的某些成分略去,這種現(xiàn)象稱為省略。一、簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略(一)省略主語祈使句中主語通常省略;其他省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。1.(I)Begyourpardon.2.(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(二)省略主謂或主謂語的一部分1.(Thereis)Nosmoking.2.(Willyou)Haveasmoke?重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法(三)省略作賓語的不定式短語,只保留to,但如果該賓語是動(dòng)詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài),則須在之后加上be或have:1.—Areyougoingthere?—Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).2.—Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.—Well,heoughttohave.(四)省略表語1.—Areyouthirsty?—Yes,Iam(thirsty).2.Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister(lazy).(五)同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)成分1.Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.2.—Haveyoufinishedyourwork?—(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法二、主從復(fù)合句中的省略(一)主句中有一些成分被省略1.(I’m)Sorrytohearyouareill.2.(It’sa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.(二)狀語從句的省略原則主要是:如果從句中的主語和主句中的主語一致,就可以經(jīng)過一定的變動(dòng)把狀語從句中的主語和謂語的一部分或全部省略,從而使語言更加簡(jiǎn)潔、明了?，F(xiàn)在就把各種狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象列舉如下:When(shewas)veryyoung,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.她很小時(shí)就開始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。Don’tcomeinuntil(youare)askedto.不叫你請(qǐng)你不要進(jìn)來。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法Whenever(itis)possible,youshouldcomeandhelp.不管什么時(shí)候只要有可能就來幫忙。注意:as在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),沒有這種省略現(xiàn)象。(三)不定式符號(hào)to的省略1.并列的不定式可省去后面的to。Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.我告訴他坐下等一會(huì)兒。2.help當(dāng)“幫助”講時(shí),后面的賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式符號(hào)to可帶可不帶。Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.我會(huì)幫你做的。3.but前若有動(dòng)詞do,后面的不定式不帶to。Theboydidnothingbutplay.這個(gè)男孩除了玩什么也沒做。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法4.某些使役動(dòng)詞(let,make,have)及感官動(dòng)詞(see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等)后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式一定要省去to,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中須將to復(fù)原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.我看到這個(gè)男孩從樹上掉下來了。Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.這個(gè)男孩被(我)看到從樹上掉下來了。5.主語從句中有動(dòng)詞do,后面作表語的不定式的to可帶可不帶。Allwecandonowis(to)wait.我們現(xiàn)在能做的就是等。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法6.find當(dāng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”講時(shí),后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式符號(hào)to可帶可不帶。Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中工作很努力。但如果是不定式tobe,則不能省略。Shefoundhimtobedishonest.她發(fā)現(xiàn)他不誠實(shí)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法(四)連詞if在部分虛擬條件句中可省略,但后面的語序有變化。1.Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.如果他們有時(shí)間,他們一定會(huì)來幫助我們。2.WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.如果我是你,我會(huì)把工作做得更好。3.Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?如果那里有洪水,我們應(yīng)該做什么?(五)主句和從句各有一些成分省略。Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).越快越好。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法三、并列句中的省略兩個(gè)并列句中,后一個(gè)分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.我父親是醫(yī)生,母親是護(hù)士。Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.我上大學(xué),我妹妹讀高中。Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.夏天來了,白天越來越長(zhǎng),黑夜越來越短。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語法四、其他省略(一)連接詞that的省略1.賓語從句中常省略連接詞that,但也有不能省略的情況。2.在定語從句中,that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略。另外,凡是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句都可省略關(guān)系代詞和be動(dòng)詞。(二)在某些狀語從句中,從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí),可省去“主語+be”部分。When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.ⅠⅡⅢ單詞拼寫1.Today’sweatherf

isforsunshineandshowers.

答案:forecast2.Ig

herbythearmandtriedtopullheraway.

答案:grabbed3.Trainsare

(rely),cheapandbestforlong-distancejourneys.

答案:reliable4.Thepolicecametohisr

andhewasverythankfulwhenhewassafe.

答案:rescue5.Sheiscalmandresourcefulinan

(緊急事件).

答案:emergencyⅠⅡⅢ6.Ithadbeenan

(極其)difficultwork.

答案:exceptionally7.They’veputina

(要求)forapayrise.

答案:claim8.Naturaldisastershaveobviouslycontributedtothecontinent’seconomicc

.

答案:crisis9.Thenewcomersdirectlyt

thelivelihoodoftheestablishedworkers.

答案:threaten10.Themeetingstartsat2pm

(精確地).

答案:preciselyⅠⅡⅢ翻譯句子1.這些問題,如果不妥善處理的話,將嚴(yán)重影響青少年的成長(zhǎng)。(ifnotsolvedproperly)答案:Theseproblems,ifnotsolvedproperly,willseriouslyaffectthegrowthofteenagers.2.這個(gè)感人的故事如果改編成電視劇,一定會(huì)大受歡迎。(ifadapted;ahit)答案:Thismovingstory,ifadaptedfortelevision,wouldbeahit.3.你的建議使我高興但使湯姆生氣。(省略動(dòng)詞)答案:YouradvicemademehappybutTomangry.ⅠⅡⅢ4.這次展覽比預(yù)料的有趣得多。(thanexpected)答案:Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthanexpected.5.這是一個(gè)最多可容納五個(gè)人的房間。(upto)答案:Thisisaroomwhichcanaccommodateuptofivepeople.ⅠⅡⅢ

語法填空LastThursday,therewasabigfireinabigshopinourcity.At8:16thatmorn