2023學年完整公開課版賓語從句

賓語從句

賓語從句是主從復合句的一種。主從復合句是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的。了解賓語從句賓語從句當中的從句在全句中作賓語。

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語

主s謂v賓o簡單句復合句一什么是賓語從句？試比較不同引導詞引導的賓語從句由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句

由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓語從句由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句一、賓語從句的引導詞1.由that引導的賓語從句（從句為陳述句）

由that引導的賓語從句常作動詞say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等的賓語。連詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞義，在口語中?？墒÷?。如：Hetoldme(that)hewouldgotocollegethenextyear.他告訴我他下一年上大學。Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時后他會回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）

___________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun2.由if/whether引導的賓語從句(1)whether/if引導的賓語從句表示不確定的語氣，意為“是否……”，在從句中不作句子成分。一般情況下，whether和if可以互換。如：Nobodyknewwhether/ifhecouldpasstheexam.沒有人知道他是否會通過考試。Iwanttoknow_________________________——————.（他是否跟我們一起去公園）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）3.Idon’tknow_____________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot三、賓語從句的時態(tài)1.從句的時態(tài)受主句的限制：Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.

Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.

Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。

Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.當主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。2.當從句是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實時，不論主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時。HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.他告訴我日本是一個島國。Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.

把下列每組句子改為含賓語從句的復合句，每空一詞。1.Hesaid,“IhavebeentoAmerica”. Hesaid_____________toAmerica.2.Isthereahotelnearhere?Doyou know? Doyouknow________________a hotelnearhere?thathehadbeenif/whetherthereis3.“Theearthmovesaroundthesun”,ourEnglishteachertoldus. OurEnglishteachertoldusthattheearth____________thesun.movesaround賓語從句練習題1.Doyouknow____duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdo

B.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldo

D.whatTomdid

2.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whatishisname

B.what’shisname

C.thathisnameis

D.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.that

B.whether

C.what

D.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseum

B.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseum

D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which

6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.

A.whendoeshissoncomehome

B.whenhissoncomeshome

C.whendidhissoncomehome

D.whenhissoncamehome

7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemend

B.howhemends

C.howhemended

D.howdidhemend

8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow____itwillarrive?

---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.

A.how

B.where

C.when

D.what9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?

---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.

A.howwecangettothepostoffice

B.howcanwegettothepostoffice

C.howgettothepostoffice

D.howcouldwegettothepostoffice

10.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?

A.howsoonwillit

B.howsoonitwill

C.howlongitwill

D.howlongwillit

11.Hewantedtoknow___________.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting

B.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeeting

D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld

12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?

---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisit

B.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisit

D.whenyouwouldvisit13.Wouldyoupleasetellme________next,Mr.Wang?

A.whatshouldwedo

B.weshoulddowhat

C.whatweshoulddo

D.shouldwedowhat

14.Youcan’timagine_____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcited

B.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedwerethey

D.theywerehowexcited

15.Iwanttoknow_____youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.whether16.---Couldyoutellme____________?

---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.

A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting

B.whatdidhesayatthemeeting

C.whathesaysatthemeeting

D.whathesaidatthemeeting

17.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?

---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.

A.whatyouweredoing

B.whatwereyoudoing

C.whatyouaredoing

D.whatareyoudoing18.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs

B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers

D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted

19.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif____theirtemperaturetaken.

A.theyhadhad

B.havetheyhad

C.theyhavehad

D.hadtheyhad

20.It’suptoyoutodecide____you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when把下列每組句子改為含賓語從句的復合句，每空一詞。1.Hesaid,“IhavebeentoAmerica”. Hesaid_____________toAmerica.2.Isthereahotelnearhere?Doyou know? Doyouknow________________a hotelnearhere?thathehadbeenif/whetherthereis3.Whatsportdoyoulikebest?Couldyoupleasetellme? Couldyoupleasetellme_____________________?4.“Theearthmovesaroundthesun”,ourEnglishteachertoldus. OurEnglishteachertoldusthattheearth____________thesun.movesaroundwhatsportyoulikebest5.Idon’tknow.Whereisthepostoffice?（合并）6.Canyoutellme?WhywasSusanlateyesterday?（合并）Idon’tknowwherethepostofficeis.CanyoutellmewhySusanwaslateyesterday?7.Iwanttoknow.Aretheregoodmovies?（合并）8.Couldyoutellme?Whendidhestartplayingfootball?（合并）Iwanttoknowiftherearegoodmovies.Couldyoutellmewhenhestartedplayingfootball.9.Wedon’tknow.Wherecanwebuyastamp?(合并)10.Couldyoutellme?Whereistheteashop?（合并）Wedon’tknowwherewecanbuyastamp.Couldyoutellmewheretheteashopis?11.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.（同義句）12.Thestudentsdidn’tknowhowtheycouldworkouttheproblem.（同義句）Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thestudentsdidn’tknowhowtoworkouttheproblem.再見注意2：that引導的賓語從句作think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等動詞的賓語且主語為第一人稱時時，從句的否定詞要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中來。如：Idon’tthink(that)hewillcome.我認為他不會來。動詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時或主語不是第一人稱時，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。Ithoughtthathewouldn’tcomebacksoon.

我原以為他不會回來得這么快。Hethinksthatheisn’tfitforthejob.

他認為他不適合這件工作。注意3：如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他從來不仔細聽老師講課,是不是?Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?

我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?但在下列情況下只能用whether：①在具有選擇意義，直接與ornot連用時，往往用whether.Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome.比較：Letmeknowif/whether

hewillcomeornot.

②在介詞之后用whetherI’minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．3.由疑問詞引導的賓語從句（特殊疑問句）

連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how等引導賓語從句時，在句中既有連接從句的作用，又充當了一定的成分。如：Idon’tknowwherehelives.(where作地點狀語)我不知道他住在哪兒。二、賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序，即“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。Theywantedtoknowwhattheycoulddoforus.他們想知道他們能為我們做些什么。HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSea.他問我是否在閱讀《老人與?！贰etoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告訴我他已經(jīng)把開會的事給瑪麗說了。四、賓語從句的標點符號：

賓語從句末尾的標點符號由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時用句號；而主句是疑問句時，句末則用問號。

Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?

Pleasetellmewhatcoloryoulikebest.

Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?五、賓語從句的簡化：

（一）改為不定式：

1.改為"V+不定式短語"。當主語謂語動詞是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide,promise等動詞時，且主句和從句的主語相同，可進行這種轉(zhuǎn)換。它們既可接賓語從句，又可接動詞不定式短語。例如：

Hehopesthathewillbebackverysoon.→He