英文閱讀分類專練及詳解

科技類

（1）

Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone（克隆）

theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies（物種）.That'samovesimilartowhataTexasA&M

Universityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled"Noah's

Ark”.

NoatTsArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos（胚胎），semenandDNAofendangered

animalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.Duane

Kraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbe

enoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.

Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsreptileswillbecomeextinct

inover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25

years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead

femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplantthe

embryointoahostanimal.

Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.

“Thenucleartransfer（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackof

available（capableofbeingused）pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem,9,Kraemerbelieves."They

willprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy（havingababy）.It

takesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyare

certainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort,addsKraemer,whoisoneof

theleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.

“Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourwork

inNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheir

effortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisvery

muchneeded.^^

1.Theaimof"Noah'sArk,9projectisto.

A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandas

B.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingout

C.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudy

D.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanother

2.AccordingtoProfessorKraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof

A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimals

C.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoney

3.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A.China'sSuccessinPandasCloning

B.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorld

C.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

D.China-theNativePlaceofPandasForever

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.Kraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadog

B.scientiststrytoimplantapanda9seggintoarabbit

C.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearches

D.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

【答案與解析】本文講述中國正在竭力克隆瀕臨絕種的熊貓，這和TexasA&M

University的Noah，sArk（諾亞方舟）工程極為相似，都是想拯救瀕臨滅絕的動物。

1.B。語義理解題。從第2段內(nèi)容可知，“諾亞方舟”工程的目標是把瀕臨滅絕的動物

的蛋（卵卜胚胎、精液和DNA儲存在液體氮中，如果某一種動物瀕臨滅絕時，將來可以重

現(xiàn)這一動物。

2.Ao細節(jié)題。從第6段第1句話Thenucleartransfer（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanother

isnoteasy,andthelackofavailable（capableofbeingused）pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem

可以做出正確判斷。

3.Co主旨題。從文章內(nèi)容來看，無論是中國還是世界克隆熊貓還沒有成功，所以排除

A、B項；D項內(nèi)容明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊貓的可能性”應該是

這篇文章的標題。

4.Do判斷題。此題B項的干擾性較強，但由于它沒有說明是Chinesescientists,所以

應排除。A、C項明顯與原文不符。根據(jù)文章第3段第1句可知答案非D莫屬。

（2）

Wantaglanceofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksof

peopleaboutpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother,andhowthisnewconnectivityis

beingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient——nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonnormalsymptoms（癥狀）arethemostobvious

example.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis（遠程診斷）willbebasedonrealphysiological

data（生理數(shù)據(jù)）fromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthat

byusingpersonaldataassistanceplusamobilephone,itisperfectlypracticaltosendapatient's

importantsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipment,thecryaskingwhethertherewas

adoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetorural（countryside）

care.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterneed—especiallyafter

earthquakes.Onthewhole,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataand

experts5opinions.

Butthereisoneproblem.Bandwidth（寬帶）isthelimitingfactorforsendingcomplex（復雜

的）medicalpicturesaroundtheworld-CTphotosbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthusers.

Communicationsatellitesmaybeabletodealwiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchas

earthquakesorwars.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetand

third-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofremotemedicalservice.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsfbrmedicaldiagnosis,trainingand

telemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshould

startanewtimewhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,experts?opinionsand

diagnosisarecommon.

1.Thewriterchieflytalksabout.

A.theuseoftelemedicineB.theon-lineddoctors

C.medicalcareandtreatmentD.communicationimprovement

2.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe.

A.personaldataassistance

B.somewordsofapatient

C.realphysiologicalinformation

D.medicalpicturesfromtheInternet

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A.Patientsdon'tneeddoctorsinhospitalsanymore.

B.Itisimpossibletosendapatienfssignsoverthetelephone.

C.Manyteamsusetelemedicinedealingwithdisastersnow.

D.Broadbandcommunicationswillbecomecheaperinthefuture.

4.The“problem“inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat.

A.bandwidthisn'tbigenoughtosendcomplexmedicalpictures

B.thesecond-generationofInternethasnotbecomepopularyet

C.communicationsatellitescanonlydealwithshort-termneeds

D.thereisnotenoughequipmentforspreadingthemedicalcare

【答案與解析】本文主要講述人們將來可以通過網(wǎng)上看病，醫(yī)生可以根據(jù)病人的生理數(shù)

據(jù)做出遠程診斷。隨著第二代因特網(wǎng)和第三代移動手機為將來的遠程醫(yī)療服務，尤其是寬帶

網(wǎng)交流價格的下降，遠程醫(yī)療和醫(yī)藥信息、專家意見和診斷共享將成為家常便飯。

l.Ao主旨題。第2段和第3段的內(nèi)容，可知最佳答案為A。

2.Co細節(jié)題。從第2段第2句話中的…remotediagnosis（遠程診斷）willbebasedonreal

physiologicaldata（生理數(shù)據(jù)）fromtheactualpatient可以做出正確判斷。

3.Do判斷題。網(wǎng)上可以看病并不就是說病人去醫(yī)院不需要醫(yī)生，排除A項；通過電話

發(fā)送病人的信息是可行的，排除B項；現(xiàn)在至少有一個醫(yī)療隊想用遠程醫(yī)療來治療疾病，C

項也不對；根據(jù)文章最后一句話Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenew

technologiesshouldstartanewtimewhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,

experts?opinionsanddiagnosisarecommon可以肯定答案是D。

4.Ao推斷題。根據(jù)第4段第2句話Bandwidth（寬帶）isthelimitingfactorforsending

complex（復雜）medicalpicturesaroundtheworld—CTphotosbeingoneofthebiggest

bandwidthusers可知答案為A。

（3）

Scientistsareuncoveringthesecretsoftwoportcitieslostunderthewatersofthe

MediterraneanSea,aresearchersaidyesterday.

HerakleionandMenouthiswererichandproudcitiesuntilsomethingreducedthemtorubble

（碎石）andburiedtheminthemudbeneath30feetofseawater,Frenchunderwaterexplorer

FranckGoddiosaidattheAmericanGeophysicalUnionconference.

“Thisisamysterythatisongoing,nsaidGoddio,afounderoftheEuropeanInstituteof

MarineArcheology,aParis-basedunderwaterresearchorganizationbackedbythewealthyHilti

FoundationofLiechtenstein（列支敦士登基金會）.

ThedestructionofthetwinportcitieshashauntedGoddioeversincehehappeneduponthe

siteabout15milesfromAlexandriawhileexploringsunkenshipsfromNapoleon'sfleet.

Goddioandhisgroupofexpertdivers,marinearcheologists（海洋考占學家）andothers,are

usinghighpoweredvacuums,satellitenavigationsystemsandsophisticatedsonar（聲納）to

excavate（挖掘）thesunkencitiesfromunderneathacarpetofsiltaboutonemeter（threefeet）high.

Wallsofshops,remainsofstreetsandgoldartifactshavebeenfoundandrecovered.

Someexpertsbelievethattheportcitiesweredestroyedbyaseriesofmassiveearthquakes,

muchlikethequakesscientistsbelievefelledTroy（特］各伊城），Jerichoandotherancientcities.

Theuniformdirectionofthecollapsedcolumnsandwallssuggestanearthquake,Goddiosaid,but

nofaultlineshavebeenfoundnearby.

Otherresearchersbelieveamassivewave,causedbyeitheranoffshoreearthquakeora

distantunderwaterlandslide,couldexplainthecatastrophe.Stillothersthinkrisingseasandashift

intheNileRiveroutletdoomedthecities.

“Theargument,asyoucansee,continues,Goddiosaid.

1.ThereasonwhythetwoportcitiesdisappearedunderthewatersofMediterraneanSeais

that.

A.thetwoportcitiesweredestroyedbyhugeearthquakes

B.thedisappearanceofthetwoportcitieswascausedbyunderwaterlandslide

C.risingseasandashiftintheNileRiveroutletdoomedthecities

D.thestorydidn'ttellusatall

2.Fromthestorywecandrawaconclusionthat.

A.thetwoportcitieswerefamousfortheirwealthandthemystery

B.thetwocitiesbelongedtoFrance

C.somemysteriouscreaturesfromotherplanetsdestroyedthetwocities

D.theAmericanGeophysicalUnionconferencewasonceheldinoneofthetwocities

3.Thisarticleisprobablyfrom.

A.ascientificmagazine

B.areporttothegovernment

C.aschooltextbook

D.ascientificreportinanewspaper

（1—3DBD）

【答案與解析】本文報道了人們對法國地中海中的兩座城市沉如海底的各種推測。

l.Do推斷題。文章只對城后下沉的原因作了一些推測但未作出結(jié)論。由此可推知此題

答案為D。

2.Bo推斷題。根據(jù)文章中所提到的與之相關的名稱，如：Frenchunderwaterexplorer

FranckGoddio,aParis-basedunderwaterresearchorganization,Napoleon'sfleet可推知此題答

案為Bo

3.Do推斷題。文章討論地中海中的兩座城市下沉的原因，顯然與地質(zhì)科學有關，故選

D?注意不宜選A,?個顯然的因素是第1段中出現(xiàn)的yesterdayo

（4）

Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarterandmayhelppreventdementia（癡呆）inoldageby

bathingthebraininprotectivehormones（荷爾蒙）,U.S.reseachersreportedonThursday.

Testsonratsshowthatthosewhoraisetwoormorelittersofpupsdoconsiderablybetterin

testsofmemoryandskillsthanratswhohavenobabies,andtheirbrainsshowchangesthat

suggesttheymaybeprotectedagainstdiseasessuchasAlzheimer's（早老癡呆癥）.Universityof

RichmondpsychologyprofessorCraigKinsleybelieveshisfindingswilltranslateintohumans.

“Ourresearchshowsthatthehormonesofpregnancy（懷孕）areprotectingthebrain,

includingestrogen（雌激素），whichweknowhasmanyneuroprotective（保護神經(jīng)的）effects,”

Kinsleysaid.

“It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals,headdedina

telephoneinterview.t4Theygothroughpregnancyandhormonalchanges.^^

Kinsleysaidhehopedpublichealthofficialsandresearcherswilllooktoseeifhavinghad

childrenprotectsawomanfromAlzheimer^andotherfonnsofage-relatedbraindecline.

“Whenpeoplethinkaboutpregnancy,theythinkaboutwhathappenstobabiesandthemother

fromtheneckdown,“saidKinsley,whopresentedhisfindingstotheannualmeetingofthe

SocietyofNeuroscienceinOrlando,Florida.

“Theydonotrealizethathormonesarewashingonthebrain.Ifyoulookatfemaleanimals

whohavenevergonethroughpregnancy,theyactdifferentlytowardyoung.Butifshegoes

throughpregnancy,shewillsacrificeherlifeforherinfant—thatisagreatchangeinherbehavior

thatshowedingeneticalterations（改變）tothebrain.”

I.Howdoscientistsknow“Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter”?

A.Someresearchershavetoldthem.

B.Manywomensayso.

C.Theyknowitbyexperimentingonrats.

D.Theyknowitthroughtheirownexperience.

2.Whatdoesthephrase“l(fā)ittersofpups“meaninthesecondparagraph?

A.Babyrats.B.Animals.C.Oldrats.D.Grown-uprats.

3.Whatcanprotectthebrainofawomanaccordingtothepassage?

A.Estrogen.B.Thehormonesofpregnancy.

C.Moreexercise.D.Takingcareofchildren.

4."It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals.^^Whatdoes

thesentencesuggest?

A.Theexperimentsontheratshavenothingtodowithhumans.

B.Theexperimentsontheratsareveryimportantforanimals.

C.Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameonhumans.

D.Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameonotheranimals.

5.Whichtitleisthebestforthispassage?

A.DoYouWanttoBeSmarter?

B.MotherhoodMakesWomenSmarter

C.MysteriousHormones

D.AnImportantStudy

【答案與解析】本文介紹了一個觀點：母性特點能使婦女變得更加聰明靈敏。

l.Co細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Testsonratsshow…可知科學家是通過做老鼠實驗得出這個結(jié)論的。

2.Ao詞義猜測題。后面的對比whohavenobabies,實際上提供了一個相反的情況，所

以我們可以推測thosewhoraisetwoormorelittersofpups中的littersofpups指的是“剛出生

不久的小老鼠”。

3.B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第3段中的...thehormonesofpregnancy（懷孕）areprotectingthe

brain可得出答案。

4.Co句意理解題。科學家通過用老鼠做實驗來說明人的問題。因為人和老鼠都屬于哺

乳動物，很多生理機能都相同。

5.Bo主旨題。短文第I句Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter是主題句，據(jù)此我們

可以得出答案。

（5）

Togetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwon'tneedabankcard,aPIN（個人識別編號）or

evenhavetomoveafinger.Youwillsimplyhavetolookthecashmachinestraightintheeye,

declaresNationalCashRegisters,amultinationalcompanythatmakesautomatedtellermachines,

orATMs.NCRhasshownitsfirstexamplemachinethatisbelievedtobethefutureofbanking.

InsteadofaskingyouforyourPINonascreen,theSuperTeller-Stellaforshort,asksyouorally

throughaloudspeakertolookstraightaheadwhileaninfraredcameraturnstoyourhead,then

youreye,andfinallytakesaninfraredphotographofyouriris（虹膜）.Foridentification（識另U）

purposes,anirispictureisbetterthanafingerprint,witharound256noticeablecharacteristics

comparedwith40forfingerprints.Thismeansthatthechancesofsomeoneelsebeingrecognized

inyourplaceisabout1in1020.Onceyou'vebeenidentified,Stellagreetsyoubynameandsays:

“Wouldyoulikecashorastatement?^^Aninfraredportallowsthemachinetosendabank

statementstraighttoyourpocketcomputer.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Anewmedicalinstrument

B.Anewtypeoftalkingmachine.

C.Anewtypeofcashmachine.

D.NationalCashRegister

2.Whatisthisnewmachinecalled?

A.StellaB.ATMC.PIND.NCR

3.Whenyouwanttogetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwill.

A.needabankcardB.havetoputinyourPIN

C.moveyourfingerD.justlookdirectlyatthetellermachine

【答案解析】本文介紹了自動取款機的新型的識別儲戶方法。

1.C。主旨題。閱讀全文可知本文介紹的是新型取款機的設計原理及工作方式，故選Co

2.Ao細節(jié)題。根據(jù)InsteadofaskingyoufbryourPINonascreen,theSuperTeller-Stella

forshort,asksyouorally...及Onceyou'vebeenidentified,Stellagreetsyoubynameand

says...可知答案為Ao

3.D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Togetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwon'tneedabankcard,aPINor

evenhavetomoveafinger.Youwillsimplyhavetolookthecashmachinestraightintheeye,...

可知僅僅徑直看著取款機就可以了，故選答案Do

（6）

Weatherchangeswhenthetemperatureandtheamountofwaterintheatmospherechange.

Wecanseeandfeelwatercomingfromtheatmospherewhenwehaverain.Butthewatermust

somehowgetbacktotheatmosphere.Meteorologistscallthisthewatercycle.

Therearemanystagesinthewatercycle.Rainfallswhenwatervapourinclouds

condenses（凝結(jié)）.Dropsofwaterformandfalltotheground.Thewatersoaksintothegroundand

feedsstreamsandrivers.Alotofrainfallsintothesea.Theheatofthesunevaporatessomeofthe

waterinthegroundandintherivers,lakes,andthesea.Itchangestheliquidwaterintowater

vapour.Thevapourrisesontotheair.Watervapourisnonnallyinvisible.Onaverydampor

humidday,however,youcansometimesseewatervapourrisingfromapuddle（水坑）orpondina

mist（薄霧）abovethewater.Watervapouralsogetsintotheairfromlivingthings.Treesandother

plantstakeinwaterthroughtheirrootsandgiveoffwatervapourfromtheirleaves.Peopleand

landanimalsdrinkwaterandbreatheoutwatervapour.Inallthesewaysthewaterreturnstothe

air.Thereitgatherstoformcloudsandcondensestoformrain.Therainfallstoearth,andthe

cyclestartsagain.Itcontinuesevenifsnoworhail（冰雹）fallinsteadbecausebotheventuallymelt

toformwater.Theamountofwatervapourintheairdependsonthetemperature.Theairismore

moist（潮濕）inthetropics（熱帶）thaninthecoldpolarregions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Watercycle.B.Watervapour.

C.Howrainforms.D.Water,vapour,rain.

2.Howmanywaysofthewaterreturningtotheairarediscussedinthetext?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whetherwatervapourcanbeseenornotdependson.

A.howmuchwaterisevaporatedB.howgoodyoureyesare

C.inwhichwaywaterisevaporatedD.climateorweather

4.Fromthepassagewegettoknow.

A.thereismorewatervapourintheairinthetropicsthanincoldpolarregions

B.thereismorewatervapourintheairincoldpolarregionthaninthetropics

C.itgetsmoreraininthetropicsthanincoldpolarregionsbecausethereislessvapour

D.theamountofwatervapourintheairdependsonhowoftenitrains

【答案與解析】本文闡述了水循環(huán)的全過程。

1.Ao主旨題。文章第1段,特別是最后一句Meteorologistscallthisthewatercycle.已

點明主題。

2.Bo判斷題。讀完第2段，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)水返回空中的方式有3種：第1種是太陽蒸發(fā)地

面上的水使之變成水蒸氣返回空中；第2種是樹和植物釋放出的水蒸氣；第3種是人和動物

呼出的水蒸氣。

3.Do語義理解題。從第2段第9句話Onaverydamporhumidday,however,youcan

sometimesseewatervapourrisingfromapuddle（水坑）orpondinamist（薄霧）abovethewater.

可以找到為什么。

4.Ao判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句話Theairismoremoist（潮濕）inthetropics（熱帶）thaninthe

coldpolarregions可知答案。

（7）

Technologyistheapplication（應用）ofknowledgetoproduction.Thankstomodem

technology,wehavebeenabletoincreasegreatlytheefficiencyofourworkforce.Newmachines

andnewmethodshavehelpedcutdowntimeandexpensewhileincreasingoveralloutput.This

hasmeantmoreproductionandahigherstandardofliving.FormostofusinAmerica,modem

technologyisthoughtofasthereasonwhywecanhavecarsandtelevisionsets.However,

technologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffoodavailabletous,bymeansofmodemfarming

machineryandanimalbreedingtechniques,andhasextendedourlifespanvia（通過）medical

technology.

Willmankindcontinuetolivelongerandhaveahigherqualityoflife?Inlargemeasurethe

answerdependsontechnologyandourabilitytouseitwidely.Ifwekeepmakingprogressaswe

haveoverthepastfiftyyears,theanswerisdefinitelyyes.Theadvancementoftechnology

dependsuponresearchanddevelopment,andthelateststatistics（統(tǒng)計）showthattheUnitedStates

iscontinuingtopumpbillionsofdollarsannually（每年）intosuchefforts.Sowhilewearcrunning

outofsomescarceresources（少的資源）wemaywellfindtechnologicalsubstitutes（代用品）fbr

manyofthemthroughourresearchprograms.

Therefore,inthefinalanalysisthethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,laborandcapital）

areallinfluencedbytechnology.Whenweneednewskills,ontechniquesinmedicine,peoplewill

startdevelopingnewtechnologytomeetthoseneeds.Asequipmentprovestobeslowor

inefficient,newmachineswillbeinvented.Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingus

maintainourstandardofliving.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.Modemtechnology

C.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology

2.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Modemtechnologyisthekeytotheimprovementofstandardofliving.

B.Thethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,laborandcapital）areallinfluencedby

technology.

C.Technologyistheresponsetoourneeds.

D.TheUnitedStatesismakinggreateffortstoadvanceitstechnology.

3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplecanlivealonglifewiththehelpof.

A.higherqualityoflifeB.medicaltechnology

C.modernfarmingmachineryD.technologicalsubstitute

【答案與解析】“科學技術是生產(chǎn)力”是這篇文章的主題。

1.B。主旨題。文章的主要筆墨是用在科學技術的作用上，所以答案應選B。

2.Ao主旨題。文章最后一句Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingusmaintainour

standardofliving就是主題句。

3.B。判斷題。從文章第2段第2句話...theanswerdependsontechnologyandourabilityto

useitwidely可以肯定答案選B。

（8）

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts5bones,reducingtheirbonedensity（密度）after

onlyamonthofweightlessness,accordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.

LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchinto

theeffectsofmicrogravity,aftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowed

bonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.

“Bonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronauts,thescientistsreportedintheLancet

MedicalJournal.

Theymeasuredthebonemineraldensity（BMD）ofbonesinthefbrearm（前臂）andlowerleg

oftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspace.

TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia（脛骨）ofthelowerleg,aweight-bearingbone,but

barelychangedintheradius（梳骨）oftheforeann.t4Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenot

onlydifferentbones,butalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton（骨

架）aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditions,theyadded.

Withoutgravitythebodyisn'tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium（鈣）which

makesbonesstrong,anditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.

Theresearchteamsuggestedinfiiturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbone

densitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflights,alsothepossiblerecoveryafter

returningtoEarth.

1.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronauts,because.

A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronauts

B.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronauts

C.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearch

D.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtime

2.Scientistshavefoundthat.

A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronauts

B.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts9bodies

C.astronautsshouldn'tcareabouttheBMDloss

D.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravel

3.WhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronauts,accordingtothispassage?

A.Thefoodtheyeatinspace.B.Thedrinkstheytakeinspace.

C.Thetemperatureinspace.D.Thegravityinspace.

4.Inthethirdparagraph,theword“striking“means.

A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

（1—4DBDA）

【答案與解析】本文介紹了法國對太空宇航員長期在太空飛行，會使骨里的密度減少而

對骨不利的研究。

1.Do細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第4段的定語從句whohadspentonetosixmonthsinspace可推

知此題答案為Do

2.B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第5段第1句TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia（脛骨）ofthe

lowerleg,aweight-bearingbone可推知止匕題答案為B。

3.Do細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第6段Withoutgravity…所引起的結(jié)果，可推知此題答案為D。

4.Ao詞義猜測題。上文提到對十五人進行研究表明在整個航行過程中骨損在繼續(xù)，下

文再說especiallystriking,可知是“特別明顯”的事，因此選A。

（9）

Somespidershuntontheground,othersbuildwebstotraptheirfood,butthegrasswater

spidercatchesitspreybyrunningalongthesurfaceofthewater.

Thisspecialwaterspiderlivesonthegrassybanksofstreamswheremosquitoes,damselflies

andotherinsectscometofeedandbreed.

AlthoughitisoneofthelargestspidersinNewZealand,ithasanunusualability.Itdoesn't

disturbthewaterasitwaitsforitsmeal,andthereisbarelyaripple（波紋）whenitskims（掠過）

acrossthesurfaceatlightningspeedtocatchitsprey.

Grasswaterspidersdealswiftlywithlargerinsectslikedamselfliesbypullingtheirheads

underthewaterandholdingthemthereuntiltheydrown.

Afterameal,thegrasswaterspiderspendsuptohalfanhourgrooming（修飾）itself.Itwipes

itseighteyes,brushesitsantennae（觸角）,andtakesspecialcaretocleanthehairsonitsbody.

Itisthehairsthattraptinybubbles（泡沫）ofairsothatthespidercanrundownablade（葉片）

ofgrassandstayunderwaterforuptoanhourwhenitisfrightened.Thehairsalsokeepthespider

dry,evenunderwater.

Itisonlywhenthefemalespideriscaringfortheyoungthatshedoesnothuntonthewater.

Aftermating,sheproducesalargeeggsac（囊）,whichshecarriesaroundforfiveweeks.Oncethe

eggsstarttohatch,sheattachesthesactosomebladesofgrassorathistle.Shethentearsthesac

openandreleasesthetinyspidersintothenurseryweb.

1.Howdoesthegrasswaterspiderkillitsprey?

A.inawebB.bydrowningC.bypoisoningD.withitsantennae

2.thewriterdescribesthespecialspideras“special“because.

A.itwalksonwaterB.ithaseighteyes

C.ofitshairyappearanceD.ofthewayitproducesitsyoung

3.Thepa