重難點(diǎn)42短文填空之提示詞填空-2023年中考英語【熱點(diǎn)·重點(diǎn)·難點(diǎn)】專練(全國(guó)通用)(原卷版)

專項(xiàng)五中考題型重難點(diǎn)42短文填空之提示詞填空 此類短文填空題一般會(huì)給出漢語意思或英文單詞。做此類短文填空題時(shí)，要準(zhǔn)確理解語意，根據(jù)文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形。不可簡(jiǎn)單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級(jí)；如若填的是動(dòng)詞，則要特別注意考慮其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。該題型主要考查考生在理解句子意思的基礎(chǔ)上將漢語譯成英語單詞，從而完成英文單詞的拼寫。所填的單詞多為句中比較重要的常用單詞，以名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞和副詞等實(shí)詞最為多見。典例解析（2022·貴州安順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)中文意思，補(bǔ)全英語翻譯。Avegetarian(素食者)issomeonewhodoesn’teatmeat.Beingavegetarianhasbecomeapopularchoice.____1____(實(shí)際上),onein200kidsintheUSisavegetarian.Mostpeoplechoosetobevegetariansformanyreasons.First,theybelievethatavegetarian’sdiet____2____(對(duì)……有好處)theirhealth.Itusuallyhaslessfatthanadiet(飲食)thatincludesmeat.Vegetarianseatalow-fatdiettokeepfit.Avegetariandietalsoprovidesmanyvitaminsthatpeoplecan’t____3____(從……得到)themeat.Thesevitaminsprotectpeoplefromsomediseases.Second,manyvegetariansare____4____(對(duì)……擔(dān)心)howanimalsareraisedandkilledforfood.Theyhopeanimalscanbebettertreated.Finally,theythink____5____(成為一名素食者能幫助地球).Peopleusemoreenergy,waterandlandtoraiseanimalsforfoodthantogrowfruitandvegetables.Also,animalsputgreenhousegasesintotheair.Thesegasescauseglobalwarming.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了人們選擇成為素食者的原因?！敬鸢附馕觥?．句意：實(shí)際上，美國(guó)每200個(gè)孩子中就有一個(gè)是素食主義者。actually/infact“實(shí)際上”，在句中作狀語，句首需大寫首字母。故填A(yù)ctually/Infact。2．句意：首先，他們相信素食對(duì)他們的健康有好處。begoodfor“對(duì)……有好處”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是“avegetarian’sdiet”，be動(dòng)詞用is。故填isgoodfor。3．句意：素食還提供了許多人們無法從肉類中獲得的維生素。getfrom“從……得到”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can’t后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填getfrom。4．句意：第二，許多素食主義者擔(dān)心動(dòng)物是如何被飼養(yǎng)和宰殺的。beworriedabout“對(duì)……擔(dān)心”，固定短語。故填worriedabout。5．句意：最后，他們認(rèn)為成為一名素食者能幫助地球。beavegetariancanhelptheplanet“成為一名素食者能幫助地球”，使用動(dòng)名詞在從句中作主語，故填beingavegetariancanhelptheplanet。（2022·浙江金華·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。LondonZooisoneofthetopattractionsinBritainanditistheworld’s___1___（最老的）scientificzoo.Itwasbuiltover180yearsago.NowitisrunbytheZoologicalSocietyofLondon.ThezoocanbefoundintheheartofLondon.___2___（雖然）itliesinthemiddleofthecity,thezoostillhasalarge___3___（數(shù)目）ofanimalstosee,includinglions,giraffes,tigers,___4___（猴子）andsoon.Infact,thereare750differentgroups,makingitoneofthelargestcollectionsofanimalsintheUK.Thezoois___5___（分成）intomanydifferentareas,suchasLionsandTigers,whereyoucangetveryclosetoafamilyofbeautifulbutendangeredbigcatsfromAsia.Theseplacesaregreatfuntoexploreandhelpmakeitvery___6___（受歡迎的）withtouristsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Shoppingcanalsobedoneinthezoo.Thereareseveralplaceswhereyoucanbuyfoodanddrink.Gifts___7___（兩者）aboutthezooandthecitycanbeboughtinmanyshops.Thebestwayto___8___（到達(dá)）thezooistotaketheunderground.Asitisinthe___9___（北面）endofRegent’sPark,itonlytakestenminutestowalk___10___（穿過）theparkfromRegent’sParkUndergroundStation.（2022·浙江麗水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Finland,asmallcountrylocatedinNorthernEuropealongtheBalticSea,theGulfofBothniaandtheGulfofFinland,isabeautifulplaceto____11____（參觀）.WinteristhemostpopularseasoninFinland.The____12____（太陽）,disappearsformonthsinthenorthernmostpartofthecountry.Peoplehavetowearveryheavy____13____（外套）tokeepwarm.Thewhitesnow,brightmoonandstars,and—ifyouare____14____（幸運(yùn)的）enough—thecolorfulNorthernLightscreatethe____15____（著名的）andsurprisinglightandmagicalscene.Oneofthebestwaystoexperiencethesceneistosleepina____16____（玻璃）hut,surroundedbynature.Youcanjuststay____17____（在……里面）,warmandcomfortable,lookingatthenightskyandwaiting.TheairqualityinFinlandisthebestintheworldaccordingtothedatafromWHO.As75%ofthecountryiscoveredbyforests,peoplecanconnectwithnature____18____（容易地）.Finnishpeopleoftenenjoythesmallthingsin____19____（日常的）lives,likejustsittingquietlybyalake.SoifyouhavethechancetoFinland,justtakeadeepbreath,hikeintheforestorsimply______20______（休息）onasmoothrockbythesea.（2022·浙江溫州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，用單詞的正確形式完成以下短文。ChenGangisaprofessorfromChinaUniversityofGeosciences.Hisson,ChenLihao,isauniversity____21____(學(xué)生).TheyreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,theworld’shighestpeak,on____22____(四月)30th,2022.Duringtheirjourney,theydidscientificresearchand____23____(收集)ice,snow,plantsandpiecesofrocks.Theywerehonouredas____24____(英雄)aftertheyreturned.ChenGanglikes____25____(爬)mountains.HehasbeentotheQinghai-TibetPlateaumanytimesoverthepast____26____(九)years.Althoughhemeetslotsofdifficulties,he____27____(從不)thinksofgivingup.Henicelyconnectshishobbywithhiscareer.Asforhis____28____(勇敢的)sonChenLihao,heisanationalfirst-classmountaineer.Healways____29____(訓(xùn)練)hardandgetsreadyformorechallenges.Thefatherandson____30____(兩者都)showgreatcourageandabilities.Theycloselycombinetheirpersonalfutureswithnationalneeds.（2022·浙江紹興·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。NurseCharlieSeveralmonthsago,Ihadacaraccidentandrequiredanoperation.MywifeGeraldine,toldmethatforthethreedaysIwasinhospital,ourblackdog,Charlie,____31____(躺)atthedoorwaitingformyreturn.Charlieis____32____(六)yearsold.WheneverIgooutandcan’ttakehimwithme,hepatientlywaitsatthe____33____(前面)doorforme.Geraldinesaysthatattimeshewillnotleavehisplaceevenwhenfacingdeliciousfood—very____34____(不尋常)foradog.AfterIreturnedhome,Charliemusthavesensedthattherewassomethingdifferentaboutme.Formy____35____(安全),hedidnotjumpuptogreetme,althoughhismovingtail____36____(清晰)showedthathewashappytoseeme.Instead,hewaitedtillIcouldcomfortably____37____(休息)inbed.Thenhehesitantly(躊躇地)cameclosetomeandsatatthefootofmybed.AsIstartedtobecomemoremobile,heplayedwithmeinamoregentleway.Iamnowmuchhealthierand____38____(有時(shí))wegoforwalkstogether.Charliedoesnot____39____(拉)hardonthelead.Besides,hisstepstrytosuit____40____(我的).Icouldnothaveaskedforamorecarefulnurse.（2022·浙江湖州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。ThetraditionofteadrinkingbeganinChinathousandsofyearsago.Itsoonbecame____41____(流行的；受歡迎的)becauseitwashealthyandgavepeopleenergy.Later,teawasbroughttosomecountriesin____42____(東方的)Asia,suchasJapanandKorea.Nowadays,Chineseteahasbecomeaworlddrink.Someoftheworld’stastiestteas____43____(生長(zhǎng))inChina.Oolongteaisoneofthebestandithasmanydifferentkinds.Oneofthemhasalightbrown____44____(顏色)andtasteslikehoney.Anotherspecialkindhasaheavier,burnttaste.Perhapsthebestwayforbeginnerstoenjoyteaisto____45____(出席；參加)traditionalteaartperformanceswhichareheldatteahousesandteafarmsaroundthecountry.Severalstepsareplanned____46____(細(xì)致地；小心地)ineachperformance.First,heatthepotsandteacupswithwarmwater.Then,putsometea____47____(葉子)intotheteapot.Next,pourhotwaterfromaspecificheight.Afterthat,makesuretheteaisboiledforapropertime.Whentheteaisready,drinkersshould____48____(聞到；嗅)itbeforetakingasip.It’s____49____(有禮貌的)tofinisheachcupinthreesmallsips.Theperformanceprovidesachancetoappreciatethisvaluable____50____(禮物；饋贈(zèng))fromnature.（2022·浙江嘉興·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式（每空一詞)。Mostkidslovesweets.Why?Whenweeator___51___(喝)sweetfood,thesugarentersourbloodandinfluencesourbrain.It___52___(留下)goodfeelingswithus,makinguswantmore.Infact,all___53___(美味的)foodsdothis,butsugarhasanespeciallystrongpower.That’swhydoctors___54___(總是)adviseustocutdownonsugar.Earlyhumansoftenhadverylittlefood,soour___55___(身體)learnedtostorealotofsugarasfat.Inthisway,we___56___(節(jié)省)energyforwhentherewasnofood.Buttoday,mostpeoplehavemorethanenough.Soitmaynowbeharmingour___57___(健康).It’scertainthatweneedtoeat____58____(更少的)sugar.Thetroubleisthat,intoday’sworld,ourfoodsarefilledwithsugar.Althoughour____59____(餐)lookbetter,largeamountsofsugarareoftenadded.Tosolvetheproblem,weshouldtakemoreexercise,___60___(兩次)aweekatleast.Andremember,nexttimeyouwantsomecookies,eatanappleinstead.（2022·浙江臺(tái)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Myheartisfilledwithlove.Recently,I’mso__61__(感激的)forthesupportofaverydearfriendofmine.Withhishelp,Icanrealizemydreamofmakingakindact.It__62__(帶來)memorepowerinmylife.WeliveinasmallAfricancity.Asyouknow,peopleare__63__(貧窮的)andit’shardforthemtofindjobs.I’vebeenlookingforwardtoopeninga__64__(湯)kitchenformanyyears.Ihopetohelpthe__65__(當(dāng)?shù)氐?peopleinneed.MyfriendhelpsmecreateaFacebook__66__(頁面)calledSunshine.Onit,weusually__67__(分享)ourkindactivitieswithourfriends.Thesedays,I’mmakingheartyfoodwhilemyfriendishandingourclothestothehomeless.Therearesomanypeoplelivingonthe__68__(街道),whichshocksmealot.Wewantto__69__(邀請(qǐng))morepeopletojoinus.Theactoflovebygivinghastouchedmyheartgreatly.SometimesI’mtiredattheendoftheday,butI__70__(仍然)lovethejourneyI’mon.Becauseoftheproject,mylifebecomessomeaningful.IjustknowwhatI’mdoingnowmaymakeadifferencetosomepeople’slife.（2022·浙江衢州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，寫出空白處各單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。靜夜思

ThoughtsonaTranquilNight李白

ByLiBai床前明月光，Beforemybedapoolof____71____（光）;疑是地上霜。Ocanitbehoarfrostontheground?舉頭望明月，Lookingup,Ifindthemoon____72____（明亮）;低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。Bowing,inhomesicknessI’mdrowned.—TranslatedbyXuYuanchongXuYuanchongisafamoustranslatorinChina.Hebuiltacultural____73____（橋梁）amon