Unit6AtOneWithNatureUnderstandingideas單詞講解課件-高中英語

Unit6AtonewithnatureUnderstandingideas詞匯講解wrapvt

(用……)

包；裹：I’dliketowrap

(up)Christmaspresentsinprettypaper.Zongziarewrappedinbambooleaves.

(用……)

纏繞；圍?。篐ewrappedascarfaroundhisneck.詞匯拓展?wrappingn[C]&[U]用于包裝的材料preventvt阻止；預(yù)防；防止：Inthiswaywepreventedthespreadofthisdisease.preventsb/sth(from)doingsth:Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening.Pollutionpreventspeoplefromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.

詞匯拓展?

preventionn[U]防止；預(yù)防：Preventionisbetterthancure.

harmony

n

[U]&[C]和聲：singinharmony

[U]和睦；融洽：The“ChineseDream”isadreamtoimprovepeople’swell-beingandadreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.

Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.詞源：來自希臘神話中代表和諧和協(xié)調(diào)的女神哈耳摩尼亞的名字Harmonia。聲音、音調(diào)的和諧人與人/自然的和諧

[C]&[U]和諧；協(xié)調(diào)：theharmonyofseaandsky

詞匯拓展?harmoniousadj協(xié)調(diào)的；和諧的；和睦的物與物的和諧

design

vt

設(shè)計；繪制：designacar/dress/tool/officespeciallydesigned

software

[常用于被動語態(tài)]

(為某種特定目的)

計劃；設(shè)計：Theroutewasdesignedtorelievetheheavytraffic.Thiscourseisdesignedasanintroductiontothesubject.ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplaying-cardsweredesignedforentertainmentandeducation.■n[U]&[C]

設(shè)計；圖樣；圖案：abowlwithaflowerdesignLookingforwardtoreceivingyourcreativedesigns!

計劃；目的；意圖：Whetherbychanceorbydesign,itsohappenedthattherewereexactly150peopleinthestation.Shehasdesignson

hismoney.詞匯拓展harm■n[U]傷害；損害；危害：Hemaynotbeabletohelpbutthere’snoharmin

askinghim.

doharmto/do...harm傷害；對……有害：Toomuchdrinkingwilldogreatharmtoyou./Toomuchdrinkingwilldoyougreatharm.

■vt傷害；損害：Don’tharmyoureyesbyreadinginapoorlight.

ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren’sabilitytolearn.

詞匯拓展?harmlessadj

無害的反harmful?harmfuladj有害的反harmless：theharmfuleffectsoftobacco

Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswillbeharmfultopeople.

agriculture：agri-(field田地)+culture(cultivation種植)→農(nóng)業(yè)

派生詞：agricultural；詞塊：agriculturalcropsagri-(field田地)+culture(cultivation種植)→農(nóng)業(yè)

派生詞：agricultural詞塊：agriculturalcropsagriculture

把……放回原處：Replacethemagazinesafterreading.

取代；接替；更換：Personally,Ithinkstoreshoppingwillexistalongwithonlineshoppingbutwillneverbereplaced.

We’dbehappytoreplacetheradioforyou.

replace...with/by用……替換：Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcarswithexpensivenewsportscars.replacevt詞源解讀：replace由re-+place(v)構(gòu)成，恢復(fù)到以前的位置→“把……放回原處”?replacementn[U]更換；更替；[C]替換的人/物：Talkingonlineisnoreplacementfor

face-to-facecontact.詞匯拓展material

基本義——材料n

[C]&[U]

[常用復(fù)數(shù)]材料；原料：reading/teachingmaterialsHeisagoodsoldier,butnotreally

officermaterial.

[C]&[U]布料：curtainmaterial

[U]素材：She’scollectingmaterialforherlatestnovel.

■adj

[只用于名詞前]物質(zhì)的；物質(zhì)上的詞匯拓展

materiallyadv物質(zhì)上mineral：來自mine(n礦)

詞塊：mineralwater4.consumer：consume(v

消費(fèi))+-er5.priority：來自prior(adj

優(yōu)先的)；詞塊：atopprioritymineral：來自mine(n礦)

詞塊：mineralwater

consumer：consume(v

消費(fèi))+-erpriority：來自prior(adj

優(yōu)先的)

詞塊：atoppriority

barrier：一詞多義，基本義“障礙”

詞塊：thebarrierbetween...and…,languagebarrierstructure：來自詞根struct(build建造)

同根詞：construct,instructliving：adj

反義詞dead詞塊：livingthings,livinglanguage,theliving

名詞詞塊：make/earnaliving,doforaliving,

organism：organise+-ism

observatory：來自observenarrow■adj

(寬度等)

狹窄的

反

wide：Aswesetout,Iwasshockedathownarrowthepathwas.

(心胸、視野等)

狹隘的

/狹窄的反broad：narrow-minded

Shehasaverynarrowviewoftheworld.

[常用于名詞前]勉強(qiáng)的；好不容易的：anarrowvictory/escape

■vt&vi

(使)變窄；(使)變?。?/p>

Thegorgenarrowsto350feetastheriverrushesthroughthetwo-mile-highmountains.narrowthegenerationgap

詞匯拓展narrowlyadv

勉強(qiáng)地；差點(diǎn)兒

(沒)形容詞動詞化desert■n

[C]&[U]沙漠；荒原■vt

遺棄；拋棄；放棄(abandon)：AlawwaspassedinItalythatgivespeoplewhodesertpetsbigfinesandprisonsentences.

(感覺、品質(zhì)、技藝等)

背離；舍棄：Mike’sconfidenceseemedtohavedesertedhim.

詞匯拓展desertedadj被舍棄的；被遺棄的(abandoned)；無人居住的：adesertedvillage

[U]美；美麗：thebeautyofthesunsetinnerbeautybeautyproducts

[C]美人；美好的事物：Heregardedhiswifeasabeauty.Photosrecordthebeautiesofnature.beautyn

抽象名詞具體化

不可數(shù)的抽象名詞可用來表示可數(shù)的人或物，即“抽象名詞具體化”。此時，名詞的數(shù)和詞義都發(fā)生變化。表示抽象的概念時，前面不用冠詞；表示具體的一個人或一件事時，前面通常用不定冠詞。抽象名詞具體化單詞不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞pleasure快樂；娛樂樂事；樂趣pride自豪；驕傲令人自豪的人/事物danger危險；風(fēng)險危險的人/物shock(精神上的)震驚令人震驚的事charity慈善(事業(yè))慈善機(jī)構(gòu)/團(tuán)體mystery神秘神秘的人/事物comfort安慰令人感到安慰的人/事物抽象名詞具體化說出下列句子中劃線單詞精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義。frostThewindowswerecoveredwithheavyfrost.Thewindowshadfrostedover.霜（名詞）結(jié)霜（動詞）名詞動詞化thunderHediedinastormwiththunderandlightning.Itthunderedafewtimes,butnorainfell.雷（名詞）打雷（動詞）說出下列句子中劃線單詞精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義。rainTherewillberainshowersintheeast.Ithadbeenraininghardallnight.雨下雨常見“天氣類”名詞動詞化cloudTheskywasaperfectblue—notacloudinsight.Ann’seyescloudedwiththepain.顯得陰沉云snowIcouldseefootprintsinthesnow.Itstartedsnowingaroundfive.下雪雪iceThepondwascoverediniceallwinter.Schoolswereclosedwhentheroadsicedover.結(jié)冰冰英語中有很多名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點(diǎn)或性質(zhì)特征的動作。例如，表示天氣的名詞?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為動詞。

platform：一詞多義，基本義“平(的)臺”

waterfall：water+fall

thunder：名詞動詞化：轟隆隆地快速移動

channel：一詞多義：海峽；頻道；途徑/渠道詞塊：theEnglishChannel

/theChannelTunnel,change/switchchannels

sail：詞塊：setsail(for),sailaroundtheworld

派生詞：sailing,sailor

climate：詞塊：climatechange隱喻：具體的“氣候”到抽象的“風(fēng)氣；環(huán)境氣氛”

inside：in+side

反義詞：outsidegreenfingers：高超的園藝技能；拓展greenhand

sunflower：sun+flowerexpert：ex-(out向外)+-per(嘗試、試驗(yàn))+-t→經(jīng)歷過多次的人

同根詞：experience,experiment

branch：一詞多義，基本義“樹枝”隱喻：具體的“樹枝”到抽象的“分支”rent：英式英語中短期租用hire，長期租用rent；美式英語中都用rent

詞塊：rentout,tolent(BrE)/forrent(AmE),paytherent

rooftop：roof+top【限量版limitededition】“限量版”一直是時尚圈的熱門詞。一些大牌化妝品每年都會推出諸如限量版口紅、限量版彩妝盒一類的產(chǎn)品；高檔皮具也會有“限量版”的包包，手機(jī)、汽車甚至唱片公司也常常有各式各樣的“限量版”。名詞[C]limit

界限；邊界：inthecitylimits

限度；限制：atime/speedlimitEvenbelowthedrinkinglimit,drivingwillbeaffected.基本義

極限：Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.

TheEUhassetstrictlimits

onlevelsofpollution.【重要搭配】withinlimits在某種范圍內(nèi)；適度地：I’mwillingtohelp,withinlimits.vt限制；限定：Ibelieveteachingshouldnot

belimitedto

theclassroom.Ilimit

myselfto

twocupsofcoffeeaday.limit名詞動化【limit

詞族】limitlimitationlimitinglimitlesslimitedlimiting

adj限制性的：Lackofcashisalimitingfactor.現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞表示主動含義，注意與limited的區(qū)別limited

adj有限的；不多的：ABCCompanyLimited/ABCCo.,Ltd.Thisdictionaryusesalimitednumberofwords,around2,000,initsdefinitions.Theamountofmoneywehaveislimited.過去分詞形容詞表示被動含義limitation

n[U]&[C]限制；局限：thelimitationofnuclearweapons

limitless

adj無限(制)

的：limitlesspossibilities

limit+-ationlimit+-lessn[C]&[U]

利益；益處:sidebenefitTherearecertainlybenefitsof

usingastarinafilm.Hehashadthebenefitof

afirst-classeducation.

津貼；救濟(jì)金(welfare)benefit【重要搭配】beofbenefitto對……有益(bebeneficialto)：Theracewasofgreatbenefittotheparticipants,physicallyandmentally.forsb’sbenefit/forthebenefitofsb為了某人的利益：

Themoneyistobeusedforthebenefitofthepoor.Thebooksareofgreatuse(=areveryuseful)toEnglishlearners.Friendsareofgreatimportance(=areveryimportant)toeveryone.

Themobilephoneisofgoodquality.beof+抽象名詞=be+對應(yīng)的形容詞vt&vi有益于；受益：Therainwillbenefitthecropsgreatly.Iamsureeveryonewillbenefitalotfromthisactivity.benefitbeneficial

adj

[正式用語]有益的；有利的：Exerciseishighlybeneficialto

health.Infact,musiceducationisbeneficial

andimportantfor

allstudents.【詞匯拓展】energyn

[復(fù)數(shù)]精力；力量：apply/devote/putone’senergiesinto/tosth

Parentsshoulddevotesomeoftheirenergiestotakingtheirkidsintonature.

[U]

活力；干勁：She’salwaysfullofenergy.

[U]