4-現(xiàn)在完成時vs過去完成時 課件-2024屆中考英語專項復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)和語態(tài)

中考復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時vs過去完成時

現(xiàn)在完成時

1基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句:主語+have/has+過去分詞Ihavefinishedmyhomework.HehasbeentoAustralia.

否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework.Hehasn’tbeentoAustralia.一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞?Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Hashe

beentoAustralia?

簡略回答:

Yes,主語+have/has.

或No,主語+have/has+not.---Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.

---Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.用法表示動作發(fā)生在過去某一時間，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，并給現(xiàn)在留下某種影響或結(jié)果。Wehavealreadyplantedmanytrees.ShehasvisitedChinarecently.Mybrotherhasgonetothemuseum.Herparentshavebeentothehopsitaltoseethesickchildren.

此用法常與already,yet,recently,once，twice，threetimes,never,ever等時間狀語連用?！癶avebeento+地點狀語”與“havegoneto+地點狀語”的區(qū)別：

“havebeento+地點狀語”表示去過了某地，已經(jīng)回來了“havegoneto+地點狀語”表示去了某地，還沒回來IhavebeentoShanghaimanytimes.TheirdaughterhasgonetoAmerica.表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時開始，繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能繼續(xù)下去，也可能剛剛結(jié)束。Ihavelivedhereforthirtyyears.HehasbeeninSingaporesincetenyearsago.Shehasn’tfinishedreadingthebookyet,soshecan’treturnittothelibrary.此用法常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：since+時間點,for+時間段，inrecentyears，inthepastyears，sofar，uptonow等。易錯考點：非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中通常不與表示時間段的詞、短語或句子連用，但在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用。肯定句中若有表示時間段的狀語，非延續(xù)性動詞可換成延續(xù)性動詞。Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.Ihavehadthebookfortwomonths.Mysonhasjoinedthearmy.Mysonhasbeeninthearmyforoneyear.典型句型：Itisthefirst/second/thirdtime+從句（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）It’sthefirsttimeIhavebeentoThailand.It’sthesecondtimeHehasreadthenovel.中考真題MissBrown,we______cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?(廣東廣州）A.finishB.finishingC.arefinishedD.havefinished答案：D解析：句意：布朗老師，我們打掃完了教室。我們現(xiàn)在可以回家嗎？題意為“已經(jīng)打掃完了”，因此選用現(xiàn)在完成時。---Isyourfatherinnow?---No,he________toFanChangjiangMemorialwithhisfriends.(四川內(nèi)江）A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.willgoD.went答案：B解析：句意：---你爸爸現(xiàn)在在家嗎？---不，他和朋友去范長江紀(jì)念館了。題意表明“去了還沒回來”，因此選用現(xiàn)在完成時hasgoneto。

過去完成時

2基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句:主語+had+過去分詞Ihadfinishedmyhomework.HehadbeentoAustralia.

否定句:主語+had+not+過去分詞Ihadn’tfinishedmyhomework.Hehadn’tbeentoAustralia.一般疑問句:Had+主語+過去分詞?Hadyoufinishedyourhomework?Hadhe

beentoAustralia?

簡略回答:

Yes,主語+had.

或No,主語+had+not.---Yes,Ihad./No,Ihadn’t.

---Yes,hehad./No,hehadn’t.用法表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedIhadleftmybackpackathome.ThemoviehadstartedbeforeIarrivedatthecinema.

此用法常與by,before等構(gòu)成的時間短語連用，也可與when,before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句連用。Bythetimetheteachercame,we__________cleaningtheclassroom.（黑龍江綏化）

A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinished中考真題答案：C解析：句意：老師來之前，我們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室。題中bythetime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句采用的是一般過去時，因此主語選用過去完成時，表示“過去的過去”。1.Giftshop________whenwegotthere.

A.closesB.closedC.hadbeen

closedD.hasbeenclosed2.I______scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.A.willbeB.wasC.havebeenD.wouldbe3.Mygrandparents______forover50yearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuch.A.havebeenmarriedB.gotmarriedC.weremarriedD.havegotmarried4.---Iwenttovisityoulastnight,butyouweren’tathome.---I_____mydoginthepark.I______thisdogforfouryearsandit’sverysmart.

A.waswalking;havehad

B.walked;bought

C.waswalking;haveboughtD.walked;havehad5.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges______inmyhometown.A.takeplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.havebeentakenplace6.I____thebookTreasureIsland,butI’llletyoureaditfirst.A.haven’treadB.don’treadC.won’treadD.isn’treading7.Thetrain______beforeIreachedthestation.

A.wasleaving

B.leftC.leavesD.hadleft8.BythetimeIarrivedatmyoffice,IrealizedI______mykeysathome.

A.leaves

B.hadleftC.wasleavingD.left

9.Whenthebellrang,we____