高中英語Unit 2 The Olympic Games Learning about Language 課件

Unit2TheOlympicGamesLearningaboutLanguage

ActiveandPassiveVoiceThevoiceofaverbtellswhetherthesubjectofthesentenceperformsorreceivestheaction.InEnglishtherearetwovoices,passiveandactive.ActiveVoice

Inactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheactionexpressedbytheverb:Thestudentwroteasong.PassiveVoice

Inpassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionexpressedbytheverb:Asongwaswrittenbythestudent.FormingTensesofPassiveVerbs☆被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be后面的過去分詞不變。時態(tài)主語單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)過去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時

Thecar/carsisaredesigned.一般過去時Thecar/carswasweredesigned.現(xiàn)在完成時Thecar/carshasbeenhavebeendesigned.時態(tài)主語單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時Thecar/carsisbeingarebeingdesigned.過去進(jìn)行時Thecar/carswasbeingwerebeingdesigned.時態(tài)主語單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)過去分詞過去完成時Thecar/carshadbeenhadbeendesigned.一般將來時Thecar/carswillbewillbedesigned.將來完成時Thecar/carswillhavebeenwillhavebeendesigned.TheFuturePassiveVoice基本結(jié)構(gòu)：shall/will+be+過去分詞。shall用于第一人稱，will用于各人稱。一般將來時被動語態(tài)用法:1.肯定形式：由“shall/will+be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。使用時應(yīng)注意下面句型由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法。（1）

主語+謂語+賓語。例如：主動:We’llbuildanewhousenextyear.被動:Anewhousewillbebuilt(byus)nextyear.（2）主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(習(xí)慣上把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語)主動:Mymotherwillgivemeashirt.被動:Iwillbegivenashirt(bymymother).如果把直接賓語改為主語時,則在間接賓語前加to或for主動:Mymotherwillgivemeashirt.被動:Anewshirtwillbegiventome(bymymother).（3）主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語。如果是含有復(fù)合賓語的主動句變成被動句時,將其中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,賓語補(bǔ)足語不變。例如:主動:We’llaskhimtohelpyoutomorrow.被動:Hewillbeaskedtohelpyou(byus)tomorrow.2.否定形式：shall/will+not+be/never+過去分詞Weshallnotbeaskedtobetherebeforeeight.不要求我們八點(diǎn)鐘之前到那里。Theywon’tbestoppedoutsidethestadium.Theyhavetickets.他們不會被擋在體育館外面的。他們有票。3.一般疑問形式：shall/will+主語+be+過去分詞ShallIbeadmittedintothestadium?我會被允許進(jìn)體育館嗎？Willhebecheeredupbythewatcherswhencompetingintherace?他在競賽時會得到觀眾的鼓勵嗎？1.—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_____.【2011安徽，26】A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplaceC.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced【真題在線】【解析】選C?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：——你認(rèn)為未來的商場購物會如何——依我看，商場購物會和家庭購物并存，但是永遠(yuǎn)不會被代替。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，but后應(yīng)為一般將來時；句中主語it指storeshopping，but后應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。2.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_____byscientists.【2011湖南，34】Ａ．a(chǎn)remakingB．a(chǎn)remadeC．willmakeD．willbemade【解析】選D?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在不久的將來，科學(xué)家們會在機(jī)器人技術(shù)方面取得更多進(jìn)展。由byscientists可知該填被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)Inthenearfuture可知該填將來時。一般將來時其他的常見被動結(jié)構(gòu)：be+going+tobedone表“即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的被動”be+tobedone表“安排、命令、義務(wù)、可能性等的被動”be+about+todo表“剛要、即將做某事”1.Thehouseisgoingtobepulleddownsoon.這座房子不久將被拆除。2.Theworkisgoingtobefinishednextweek.這項(xiàng)工作下周要完成。3.Allthesethingsaretobedone.所有這些事情都得做完。4.YourcompositionistobehandedinsometimebeforeFridaythisweek.你的作文在本周五之前交上。點(diǎn)睛動詞短語變被動語態(tài)時不能漏掉介詞或副詞。Theoldmanisoftenlaughedat.2.在時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)代替一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。Tomsayshewillleavethecompanyifheispunishedfortheaccident.湯姆說如果他會因此事故受罰的話，他就離開這個公司?！炯磳W(xué)即練】

1.The

wet

weather

will

continue

tomorrow,when

a

cold

front_____to

arrive.A.is

expected

B.is

expectingC.expects

D.will

be

expected【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：潮濕的天氣明日將會繼續(xù)，預(yù)計(jì)一股冷空氣的前鋒將要到來。本句中主句用了將來時，那么狀語從句中則用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時；此外，從句的主語是物，所以用被動語態(tài)。2.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling【解析】選C。句意：這是Ted的照片，我們都很懷念他，他在地震中因試圖救一個孩子而死。根據(jù)題意，此處需用被動形式表達(dá)被動意義，B項(xiàng)時態(tài)不對。3.Visitors_____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested【解析】選D。句意：要求參觀者不要動展品。需用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。此句為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。4.Anewbook______bythatcompanynextyear.A.willbepublishedB.willpublishC.waspublishedD.ispublished【解析】選A。句意：明年那家公司將出版一本新書。時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般將來時，語態(tài)為被動語態(tài)。一般將來時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：will/shall+be+過去分詞。5–Sorry,youwillhavetowaitforadayortwothenyourdress_______.–OK,Iwillcometofetchitthen.isfinishedB.willbefinishedC.willbefinishingD.willhavefinished【解析】選B。句意：——抱歉，你