軟件工程問答題

Chapter1-TestQuestions

Howdoessoftwaredifferfromtheartifactsproducedbyotherengineeringdisciplines?

Answer(Section1.1):

Softwareisbothaproductandavehiclefordeliveringaproduct.Asaproduct,softwareisaninformationtransformer.Asavehiclefordeliveringaproduct,softwareservesasabasisforcomputercontrol,communication,andcreationofotherprograms.

Howdosoftwarecharacteristicsdifferfromhardwarecharacteristics?

Answer(Section1.2):

Softwareisdeveloped,notmanufactured.Softwaredoesnotwearout.Mostsoftwareiscustombuilt,notassembledoutofcomponents.

FinalExamQuestion

Explainwhatiswrongwiththenotionthatcomputersoftwaredoesnotneedtoevolveovertime.

Answer(Section1.1):

Computersoftwaremustberevisedaserrorsarediscoveredandcorrected.Softwaremustbeupdatedtoaccommodatechangesinthecomputingenvironment.Manytimesacustomerwillrequestchangestoaddnewfunctionstoanexistingproductortoaccommodatechangesinthebusinessenvironment.Sometimesanoldersystemwillneedtobereengineeredtoprovidebenefitstotheuserinamoderncontext.Thebottomlineisthatsoftwarethatdoesnotevolvewilleventuallybecomeunusable.

Chapter2-TestQuestions

Listthreeareasinwhichprocessmodelsmaydifferfromoneanother.

Answer(Section2.2):

Overallflowandlevelofinterdependenciesamongtasks

Degreetowhichworktasksaredefinedwithineachframeworkactivity

Degreetowhichworkproductsareidentifiedandrequired

Mannerinwhichqualityassuranceactivitiesareapplied

Mannerinwhichprojecttrackingandcontrolactivitiesareapplied

Overalldegreeofdetailandrigorofprocessdescription

Degreetowhichstakeholdersareinvolvedintheproject

Levelofautonomygiventoprojectteam

Degreetowhichteamorganizationandrolesareprescribed

DescribehowPolya’sproblemsolvingprinciplesdescribetheessenceofengineeringpractice?

Answer(Section2.3):

Understandtheproblem(communicationandanalysis)

Planasolution(modelinganddesign)

Carryouttheplan(codegeneration)

Examinetheresultforaccuracy(testingandqualityassurance)

FinalExamQuestion

Describetherelationshipsamongsoftwareengineeringprocess,methods,andtools.

Answer(Section2.1):

Softwareprocessdefinestheframeworkthatmustbeestablishedforeffectivedeliveryofsoftwareengineeringtechnology,byprovidingacontextbywhichthesoftwareengineeringmethodsareapplied.Softwareengineeringmethodsprovidethetechnicalhow-to’sforbuildingsoftware.Softwareengineeringtoolsprovideautomatedorsemi-automatedsupportforsoftwareengineeringprocessandmethods.

Chapter3-TestQuestions

Howaretasks,actions,andactivitiesrelatedtosoftwareprocessmodels?

Answer(Section3.1):

Asoftwareprocessismadeupofactivities.Eachactivityisdefinedbyasetofengineeringactions.Eachactivityisdefinedbyatasksetthatindentifiestheworkitemstobecompleted.

Howdoessoftwareteamchoosethetasksetforaparticularproject?

Answer(Section3.3):

Thesoftwarechoosesthetasksetbasedonthecharacteristicsoftheteam,theproject,andtheproblemtobesolved.

Howcanprocesspatternsassistadevelopmentteambuildsoftwareproductsefficiently?

Answer(Section3.4):

Processpatternsareprovensolutionstocommonlyencountereddevelopmentproblems.Ifdeveloperscanrecognizethatthatthisisproblemseenbeforetheycanuseapreviouslyknownmeansofsolvingit,withouthavetotakethetimetoinventanewsolution.

FinalExamQuestions

Whyitimportantforsoftwareprocessestobeagile?

Answer(Chapter3Overview):

Softwareprocessprovidesthestability,control,andorganizationtoanactivitytopreventitfrombecomingchaotic.Yet,modernsoftwareprocessesmustonlydemandtheactivities,controls,andworkproductsthatareappropriatefortheteamandproducttobeproduced–toensurethatitcanaccommodatechangeseasilyanddeliverahighqualitysoftwareproduct.

Chapter4-TestQuestions

Describethephasesoftheprototypingmodelforsoftwaredevelopment?

Answer(Section4.1.3):

Requirementsaregatheredbyhavingthecustomeranddevelopermeetandidentifywhateverobjectivesandrequirementstheycan.Quickdesignfollows,focusingonrepresentationofthesoftwarethatwillbevisibletothecustomer.Aprototypeisconstructedbythedeveloperandevaluatedbythecustomerandusedtorefinetherequirements.Iterationoccursandtheprototypeistunedtosatisfythecustomer'sneeds.

Whataretheprimaryadvantagesofthecomponent-basedprocessmodelforsoftwareengineering?

Answer(Section4.2.1):

Component-basedprocessmodelspromotesoftwarereuseandreusabilityandcanresultin:70%reductionindevelopmentcycletimes,84%reductioninprojectcosts,and70%increaseinproductivity.

WhyhasthePersonalSoftwareProcessnotbeenwidelyadoptedbyindustry?

Answer(Section2.6.1):

PSPisintellectuallychallenginganddemandsalevelofcommitment(e.g.lengthyandcostlytrainingrequired)thatisnotalwayspossibletoobtain.Inadditiontherequiredlevelofmeasurementisculturallyhardformanysoftwarepractitioners.

FinalExamQuestions

Whyareevolutionarymodelsconsideredbymanytobethebestapproachtosoftwaredevelopmentinamoderncontext?

Answer(Section4.1.3):

Becausetimelinesforthedevelopmentofmodernsoftwarearegettingshorterandshorter,customersarebecomingmorediverse(makingtheunderstandingofrequirementsevenharder),andchangestorequirementsarebecomingevenmorecommon(beforedelivery),weneedawaytoprovideincrementalorevolutionarydelivery.Theevolutionaryprocessaccommodatesuncertaintybetterthanmostprocessmodels,allowsthedeliveryofpartialsolutionsinanorderlyandplannedmanner,andmostimportantly,reflectswhatreallyhappenswhencomplexsystemsarebuilt.

Chapter5-TestQuestions

Listthekeyissuesstressedbyanagilephilosophyofsoftwareengineering.

Answer(Section5.7):

Theimportanceofself-organizingteams

Communicationandcollaborationbetweenteammembersandcustomers

Recognitionthatchangerepresentsopportunity

Emphasisonrapiddeliveryofsoftwarethatsatisfiesthecustomer

Whatarethetradeoffsproposesbythe“ManifestoforAgileSoftwareDevelopment”?

Answer(Section5.1):

Individualsandinteractionsvaluedoverprocessesandtools

Workingsoftwarevaluedovercomprehensivedocumentation

Customercollaborationvaluedovercontractnegotiation

Respondingtochangevaluedoverfollowingaplan

Describetheroleofcustomersandend-usersonanagileprocessteam?

Answer(Section5.4):

Customersandend-usersparticipateasfullcollaboratorsonagileprocessteams.Theyarethesourceofinformationusedtocreateusecasesandprovidedneededinformationonthebusinessvalueofproposedsoftwarefeatureandfunctionality.Theyalsoprovidemuchneededfeedbackonoperationalprototypesduringincrementaldeliveryofsoftwareincrements.

FinalExamQuestion

Describethethreekeyassumptionsregardingsoftwareprojectsthateveryagilesoftwareprocessmustaddress.

Answer(Section5.3):

Itisdifficulttopredictinadvancewhichsoftwarerequirementsandcustomerprioritieswillchangeandwhichwillnot.

Formanytypesofsoftwaredesignandconstructionmustbeinterleaved,itisdifficulttopredicthowmuchdesignisneededbeforeconstructioncanbeusedtoprovethedesign.

Analysis,design,construction,andtestingarenotalwayspredictableprocessesandthismakesplanningdifficult.

Chapter6-TestQuestions

Listthekeyattributesofaneffectivesoftwareteams.

Answer(Section6.3):

Senseofpurpose

Senseofinvolvement

Senseoftrust

Senseofimprovement

Diversityofteammemberskillsets

Describethestrengthsandweaknessesoftherandomparadigmteamstructure?

Answer(Section6.4):

Therandomparadigmdependsontheinitiativeofindividualteammembers.Goodwheninnovationortechnologicalbreakthroughisneeded.Theseteamsstrugglewhenorderlyperformanceisrequired.

DescribethefivevaluesheldbyXPteams?

Answer(Section6.5):

Communication–closeinformalverbalcommunicationamongteammembersandstakeholdersandestablishingmeaningformetaphorsaspartofcontinuousfeedback

Simplicity–designforimmediateneedsnorfutureneeds

Feedback–derivesfromtheimplementedsoftware,thecustomer,andotherteammembers

Courage–thedisciplinetoresistpressuretodesignforunspecifiedfuturerequirements

Respect–amongteammembersandstakeholders

.

FinalExamQuestion

Listenvironmentcharacteristicsthatcanbeconsideredtoxictosoftwareteams.

Answer(Section6.3):

Frenziedworkatmosphere

Highfrustrationthatcausesfrictionamongteammembers

Fragmentedorpoorlycoordinatedsoftwareprocess

Uncleardefinitionofrolesonthesoftwareteam

Continuousandrepeatedexposuretofailure

Differingandincompatibleteammemberhumantraits

Chapter8-TestQuestions

Whatarethesixstepsforrequirementsengineering?

Answer(Section8.1):

Inception

Elicitation

Elaboration

Negotiation

Specification

Requirementsvalidation

Describethejoboftherequirementsengineerwithrespecttostakeholdercollaboration?

Answer(Section8.2.3):

Therequirementsengineerneedstoidentifyareasofstakeholdercommonality,conflict,andinconsistencyonthedesiredneedsorfeatures.

Whatarethebenefitsofusinganalysispatternsduringtheanalysismodelingprocess?

Answer(Section8.5.2):

Patternssuggestsolutions(aclass,afunction,orabehavior)thatcanbereusedwhenmodelingfutureapplications.Analysispatternscanspeedupthedevelopmentofabstractanalysismodelsbyutilizingreusablemodels.Facilitatethetransformationoftheanalysismodelintoadesignmodelbysuggestingdesignpatternsandreliablesolutionstocommonpatterns.

FinalExamQuestion

Whatworkproductsresultfromtherequirementsengineeringprocess?.

Answer(Section8.1):

Theintentofrequirementsengineeringistoprovidestakeholderswithawrittenunderstandingoftheproblem,theworkproductsproducedincludeusagescenarios,functionandfeaturelists,andrequirementsmodels

Chapter9-TestQuestions

Describethepurposesofdomainanalysis.

Answer(Section9.1.3):

UmbrellaactivityinvolvingtheIdentification,analysis,andspecificationofcommonrequirementsfromaspecificapplicationdomain,typicallyforreuseinmultipleprojects

Object-orienteddomainanalysisinvolvestheidentification,analysis,andspecificationofreusablecapabilitieswithinaspecificapplicationdomainintermsofcommonobjects,classes,subassemblies,andframeworks

WhichUML(unifiedmodelinglanguage)diagramsareusefulinscenario-basedmodeling?

Answer(Section9.2):

use-casediagrams

activitiydiagrams

swimlanediagrams

Whatquestionsshouldbeaskedtohelprefineapreliminaryusecase?.

Answer(Section9.2.2):

Cananactortakesomeotheractionatthispoint?

Isitpossiblethattheactorwillencountersomeerrorconditionatthispoint?

Isitpossibletheactorwillencountersomeotherbehavioratthispoint?

FinalExamQuestions

Listthetypesofmodelsthatmightbeusedinrequirementsmodelingandexplaintheroleofeachtypeofmodel

Answer(Section9.1):

Scenario-based(systemfromtheuser’spointofview)

Data(showshowdataaretransformedinsidethesystem)

Class-oriented(definesobjects,attributes,andrelationships)

Flow-oriented(showshowdataaretransformedinsidethesystem)

Behavioral(showtheimpactofeventsonthesystemstates)

Chapter10-TestQuestions

Whattypesofnounsresultingfromagrammaticalparseshouldbeconsideredaspotentialanalysisclasses?

Answer(Section10.1):

Externalentities(systems,devices,people)

Things(e.g.reports,displays,letters,signals)

Eventsoccurringduringsystemoperation

Roles(e.g.manager,engineer,salesperson)

Organizationalunits(e.g.division,group,team)

Places

Structures(e.g.sensors,vehicles,computers)

DescribetherolesofthethreesectionsofCRC(classresponsibilitycollaborator)cards?

Answer(Section10.4):

Classnameidentifiesthedataobjectuniquely.

Responsibilitiesaretheattributesandoperationsfortheclass.

Collaboratorsarethoseclassesrequiredtoprovideaclasswithinformationneededtocompletearesponsibility.

Listthreetypesofclassesthatmaybepresentintheanalysismodel.

Answer(Section10.4):Entityclasses,Boundaryclasses,Controllerclasses

FinalExamQuestions

Listthecharacteristicsthatshouldbeconsideredwhenconsideringpotentialclassesforinclusioninananalysismodel

Answer(Section10.1):

Containsinformationthatshouldberetained

Providesneededservices

Containsmultipleattributes

Hascommonsetofattributesthatapplytoallclassinstances

Hascommonsetofoperationsthatapplytoallobjectinstances

Representsexternalentitythatproducesorconsumesinformation

Chapter11-TestQuestions

Whatarethestepsneededtobuildabehavioralmodel?

Answer(Section11.1)

Evaluatetheuse-casestounderstandtheinteractionsequencewithinthesystem.

Identifyeventsthatdrivetheinteractionsequenceandhowtheeventsrelatetospecificobjects.

Createaneventtraceforeachuse-case.

Buildastatetransitiondiagramforthesystem.

Reviewtheobject-behaviormodeltoverifyaccuracyandconsistency.

Howshouldanalysispatternsbedocumentedoncetheyarediscovered?

Answer(Section11.4)

Thepatterndocumentationcontainsadescriptionoftheproblem,theprescribedsolution,assumptions,constraints,motivations,drivingforces,advantages,disadvantages,andreferencestoknowapplications.

DescribethecontentsoftheWebAppcontent,functional,interaction,andconfigurationmodels.

Answer(Section11.5.3):

Contentmodel-structuralelementsthatrepresentWebAppcontentrequirements(UMLclassdiagrams)

Functionalmodel-userobservablebehaviordeliveredtoend-usersandoperationscontainedinanalysisclassestoimplementclassbehaviors(UMLactivitydiagrams)

Interactionmodel–indicateshowusersmakeuseoftheWebAppcontentandfunctionality(use-cases,UMLsequencediagrams,statediagrams,userinterfaceprototype)

Configurationmodel-maybealistofserver-sideandclient-sideattributesrequiredfortheWebApp(UMLdeploymentdiagrams)

FinalExamQuestions

UnderwhatcircumstancesshouldrequirementsmodelingbeutilizedforWebormobileapps?

Answer(Section11.5)

Largeorcomplexapptobebuilt

Largenumberofstakeholders

Largenumberdevelopersonappteam

Developmentteammembershavenotworkedtogetherbefore

Appsuccesswillhavestrongbearingonsuccessofcompany

Chapter12-TestQuestions

Listthreecharacteristicsthatcanserveasaguidetoevaluatedesignquality.

Answer(Section12.2.1):

Designimplementsallexplicitrequirementsfromtheanalysismodel,aswellasaccommodatingimplicitcustomerrequirements.

Designmustbeunderstandabletothepeoplewhogeneratethecodetoimplementdesign,thosewhotestit,andthosewhosupportit.

Designmustprovideacompletepictureofthesoftware,addressingthedata,functional,andbehavioraldomainsfromanimplementationperspective.

Explainhoweffectivemodulardesignisachievedthroughfunctionalindependenceoftheindividualmodules?

Answer(Section12.3.5):

Functionalindependenceofmodulesisachievedbymakingmodulessingle-minded(highcohesion)andpreventingexcessiveinteraction(lowcoupling)withothermodulesorsystemelements.Independentmodulesareeasiertodevelop,maintain,andtest,becausetheimpactofsideeffectsisreduced(asisthepropagationoferrors).Thisalsomakesiteasiertoperformparallelimplementationofmodules.

Describetheprincipleofinformationhidingasitappliestosoftwaredesign.

Answer(Section12.3.6):

Theprincipleofinformationhidingimpliesthatmodulesonlyshareinformationwitheachotherona"needtoknow"basistoachievesomespecificsoftwarefunction.Hidingenforcestheproceduralconstraintstoboththemoduleproceduraldetailandanydatastructureslocaltothemodule.

FinalExamQuestion

Listthefourdesignmodelsrequiredforacompletespecificationofasoftwaredesignandtheroleofeach.

Answer(Section12.4):

Datadesign–highlevelmodeldepictinguser’sviewofthedataorinformation.

Architecturedesign–showsrelationshipsandcollaborationsamongspecificanalysismodelsoftwareandhardwareelements

Interfacedesign–interfacedepictsasetofoperationsthatdescribetheexternallyobservablebehaviorofaclassandprovidesaccesstoitsoperations

Component-leveldesign–describestheinternaldetailofeachsoftwarecomponent

Deployment-leveldesign–indicateshowsoftwarefunctionalityandsubsystemswillbeallocatedinthephysicalcomputingenvironmentthatwillsupportthesoftware

Chapter13-TestQuestions

Whataretheelementsthatmakeupasoftwarearchitecturalstyle?

Answer(Section13.3):

Setofcomponentsthatperformrequiredsystemfunctions.

Setofconnectorsallowingcommunicationsamongthecomponents.

Constraintsdescribinghowthecomponentsmaybeintegratedtoformasystem.

Semanticmodelsthatenablethedesignertounderstandtheoverallsystempropertiesbyanalyzingtheknownpropertiesofitscomponents.

Whatisanarchetype?

Answer(Section13.6.2):

Anarchetypeisaclassorpatternthatrepresentsacoreabstractionthatiscriticaltothedesignofanarchitectureforthetargetsystem.

Explainthekeydifferencesbetweenthinclientarchitecturesandarichclientarchitectures.

Answer(Section13.6.6):

Formobiledevicesorwebappsusingthinclientonlytheuserinterfacelayerisimplementedonthedevice,Arichclienttypicalallocatestheuserinterfacelayer,businesslayer,andoftenthedatalayertooontheuser’sdevice.

FinalExamQuestion

Describethetypesofdependenciesthatcanexistinanarchitecturaldesign.

Answer(Section13.7.2):

Sharingdependencies-representthedependencerelationshipsamongconsumerswhoseusethesamesourceorproducerswhohavethesameconsumers.

Flowdependencies-representdependencerelationshipsbetweenproducersandconsumersofresources

Constraineddependencies-representconstraintsontherelativeflowofcontrolamongasetofactivities

Chapter14-TestQuestions

Howdoestheobject-orientedviewofcomponent-leveldesigndifferfromthetraditionalview?

Answer(Section14.1.1and14.1.2):

Theobject-orientedviewfocusesontheelaborationofdesignclassesthatcomefromboththeproblemandinfrastructuredomains.Classesareelaboratedbyspecifyingmessagingdetails,identifyinginterfaces,definingattributedatastructures,anddescribingprocessflowforoperations.Inthetraditionalview,threeofcomponentsarerefined:controlmodules,domainmodules,andinfrastructuremodules.Thisrequiresrepresentationstobecreatedfordatastructures,interfaces,andalgorithmsforeachprogrammoduleinenoughdetailtogenerateprogramminglanguagesourcecode.

Describethedifferencesbetweenthesoftwareengineeringtermscouplingandcohesion?

Answer(Section14.2.3and14.2.4):

Cohesionimpliesthatacomponentorclassencapsulatesonlytheattributesandoperationscloselyrelatedtooneanotherandtotheclassitself.Couplingisaqualitativemeasureofthedegreetowhichcomponentsareconnectedtooneanother.

Describethecomponent-leveldesignforWebApps.

Answer(Section14.4):

Component-leveldesignincorporateselementsofbothcontentdesignandfunctionaldesign.ContentdesignatthecomponentlevelfocusesoncontentobjectsandthenmannerinwhichtheymaybepackagedforpresentationtoaWebAppend-user.AfunctionalarchitecturethatdescribesthekeyfunctionalcomponentsintheWebAppandhowthesecomponentsinteractwitheachotherisalsocreated.

WhatistheintentofdomainengineeringinCBSE?

Answer(Section14.7.1):

Theintentofdomainengineeringistoidentify,construct,catalog,anddisseminateasetofsoftwarecomponentsthathaveapplicabilitytoexistingandfuturesoftwareproducts.

FinalExamQuestion

Whatarethestepsusedtocompletethecomponent-leveldesignforasoftwaredevelopmentproject?

Answer(Chapter14.3):

Identifyalldesignclassesthatcorrespondtotheproblemdomain.

Identifyalldesignclassesthatcorrespondtotheinfrastructuredomain.

Elaboratealldesignclassesthatarenotacquiredasreusablecomponents.

Identifypersistentdatasources(databasesandfiles)andidentifytheclassesrequiredtomanagethem.

Developandelaboratebehavioralrepresentationsforeachclassorcomponent.

Elaboratedeploymentdiagramstoprovideadditionalimplementationdetail.

Factoreverycomponent-leveldiagramrepresentationandconsideralternatives.

Describewhatisaccomplishedduringthecomponentqualification,adaptation,andcompositionactivitiesofcomponent-baseddevelopment.

Answer(Section14.7.2):

Componentqualificationisthetaskofexaminingcandidatelibrarycomponentsandensuringthattheyperformthefunctionrequiredforthenewapplication.

Duringcomponentadaptationanycomponentconflictsthatsurfacewhenalibrarycomponentisaddedtothenewapplicationaredealtwithbywrappingthecomponent(sometimesanewcomponentmustbeengineered).

Duringcomponentcomposition,thequalified,adapted,andnewlyengineeredcomponentsareusedtopopulatethenewapplicationarchitecture.

Chapter15-TestQuestions

Listthreeprinciplesthatshouldbeappliedwhenbuildinganyuserinterface.

Answer(Section15.1):

Placeuserincontrol.

Reduceuser'smemoryload.

Maketheinterfaceconsistent.

Whatframeworkactivitiesarecompletedwhenfollowinganevolutionary(orspiral)userinterfacedevelopmentprocess?

Answer(Section15.2.2):

User,task,andenvironmentalanalysis

Interfacedesign

Interfaceconstruction

Interfacevalidation

Listfourinterfacedesignissuespresentinthedevelopmentofmostuserinterfaces.

Answer(Section15.4.3):

Systemresponsetime

Userhelpfacilities

Errorinformationhandling

Menuandcommandlabeling

Applicationaccessibility

Internationalization

WhataretheprimarydesignobjectivesofaWebAppinterface?

Answer(Section15.5):

TheWebAppinterfaceshouldbedesignaWebAppinterfacesoitanswersthreeprimaryquestionsfortheend-user:

WhereamI?”

WhatcanIdonow?

WherehaveIbeen,whereamIgoing?

FinalExamQuestion

Whatelementsofauserinterfacedesigncanbeevaluatedwithoutbuildingaworkingcomputerprototype?

Answer(Section15.6):

Thelengthandcomplexityoftheinterfacespecification(providesinsightintolearningeffortrequiredbyuser).

Thenumberofusertasksspecifiedandthenumberofuseractionsrequiredtocompleteeach(provideestimatesofsystemefficiency).Numberoftasks,actions,andstatesinthedesignmodel(implythememoryloadimposedontheuser).

Interfacestyle,helpfacilities,anderrorhandlingprotocolprovideageneralindicationofcomplexityoftheinterfaceanditsacceptancebytheusers.

Chapter19-TestQuestions

Whatarethreedimensionsofsoftwarequality?

Answer(Section19.2):

Aneffectivesoftwareprocessestablishestheinfrastructurethatsupportsanyeffortatbuildingahighqualitysoftwareproduct.

Ausefulproductdeliversthecontent,functions,andfeaturesthattheend-userdesires,butasimportant,itdeliverstheseassetsinareliable,errorfreeway.

Byaddingvalueforboththeproduceranduserofasoftwareproduct,highqualitysoftwareprovidesbenefitsforthesoftwareorganizationandtheend-usercommunity.

Describethecostsassociatedwithsoftwarequalitywork?

Answer(Section19.3.2):

Preventioncosts-qualityplanning,formaltechnicalreviews,testequipment,training

Appraisalcosts-in-processandinter-processinspection,equipmentcalibrationandmaintenance,testing

Internalfailurecosts-rework,repair,failuremodeanalysis

Externalfailurecosts-complaintresolution,productreturnandreplacement,helplinesupport,warrantywork

Whatpracticesshouldsoftwareengineersfollowtoenhancethequalityofsoftwareproducedbytheirteam?

Answer(Section19.4):

Softwarequalityistheresultofgoodprojectmanagementandsolidengineeringpractice

Tobuildhighqualitysoftwareyoumustunderstandtheproblemtobesolvedandbecapableofcreatingaqualitydesigntheconformstotheproblemrequirements

Eliminatingarchitecturalflawsduringdesigncanimprovequality

FinalExamQuestion

Discusshowpoormanagementdecisionscanimpactsoftwarequality?

Answer(Section19.3.6):

Estimationdecisions–irrationaldeliverydateestimatescauseteamstotakeshort-cutsthatcanleadtoreducedproductquality

Schedulingdecisions–failingtopayattentiontotaskdependencieswhencreatingtheprojectschedulemayforcetheprojectteamtotestmoduleswithouttheirsubcomponentsandqualitymaysuffer

Risk-orienteddecisions–reactingtoeachcrisisasitarisesratherthanbuildinginmechanismstomonitorrisksandhavingestablishedcontingencyplansmayresultinproductshavingreducedquality

Chapter20-TestQuestions

Whatarethegoalsforanyproductreview?

Answer(Section20.1):

Pointoutneededimprovementsintheproductofasinglepersonorteam

Confirmthosepartsofaproductinwhichimprovementiseithernotdesiredornotneeded

Achievetechnicalworkofmoreuniform,oratleastmorepredictable,qualitythancanbeachievedwithoutreviews,inordertomaketechnicalworkmoremanageable

Whateffectdosoftwarereviewshaveonsoftwareproductioncosts?

Answer(Section20.1):

Industrystudiessuggestthatdesignactivitiesintroduce50-65%ofalldefectsorerrorsduringthesoftwareprocess

Reviewtechniqueshavebeenshowntobeupto75%effectiveinuncoveringdesignflawswhichultimatelyreducesthecostofsubsequentactivitiesinthesoftwareprocess

Whatarethedifferencesbetweenareviewsummaryreportandareviewissueslist?

Answer(Section20.6.2):

ReviewSummaryReport

Whatwasreviewed?

Whoreviewedit?

Whatwerethefindingsandconclusions?

ReviewIssuesList

Identifiesproblemareaswithinproduct

Servesasactionlisttoguidetheworkproductcreatorascorrectionsaremadebeforeitoccursortherapiddetectionofaqualityproblemifoneisintroduced.

FinalExamQuestion

Whatisaformaltechnicalreviewandwhyisoneconducted?OutlinethestepsrequiredtoconductasuccessfulFTR?

Answ