亞馬遜熱帶雨林-生物多樣性及其重要性

TheAmazonRiverLifeforceoftheAmazonrainforestBeginsasatrickleintheAndesmountainsandflowsmorethan6400kmandenterstheAtlanticOceanatBelem,Brazilwhereitis480kmwide.Itisstill11.2kmwide1600kminland.ItisdeepenoughforOceanLinerstotravelover4000kminland.第一頁(yè)第二頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiver第二頁(yè)第三頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiver第三頁(yè)第四頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiverTherearethousandsofkilometersofnavigablewatersthroughouttheAmazonandit’stributaries.CarriesmassivequantitiesofsiltwhichtravelsasrunofffromtheforestfloorSiltisdepositedatthemouthoftheAmazoncreatingthelargestriverislandintheworldMarajoIsland(samesizeasSwitzerland)第四頁(yè)第五頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiver第五頁(yè)第六頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiver第六頁(yè)第七頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiverMorethan2,000speciesoffishexistintheAmazonRiver,whichismorethanwhatexistsintheAtlanticOcean.第七頁(yè)第八頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。TheAmazonRiver第八頁(yè)第九頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。第九頁(yè)第十頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。The“LungsofourPlanet”AmazonRainforestEncompassesareasinBrazil,Venezuela,Colombia,EcuadorandPeru,Suriname,Guyana,Bolivia,andFrenchGuinea.第十頁(yè)第十一頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。The“LungsofourPlanet”第十一頁(yè)第十二頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。The“LungsofourPlanet”IftheAmazonwasacountryitwouldbethe9thlargestcountryontheplanet(1.2billionacresor48millionfootballfields).Itrepresents54%ofallrainforestsontheearth.20%ofalloxygenisprovidedhere.第十二頁(yè)第十三頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。The“LungsofourPlanet”第十三頁(yè)第十四頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。The“LungsofourPlanet”Let’simagineafootballfield…..第十四頁(yè)第十五頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。BiodiversityintheAmazon

1footballfield(1acre)cancontain900tons(1,800,000lbs)oflivingplants,includingmorethan750speciesoftreesand1500otherspeciesofplants.Therearelessthan750speciesoftreesinallNorthAmerica.OnetreeinPeruwasfoundtohave43differentspeciesofants–atotalthatequalsthenumberofantspeciesoftheU.K.第十五頁(yè)第十六頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Biodiversity

第十六頁(yè)第十七頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Biodiversity

ScientistshaveabetterunderstandingofthenumberofstarsthantheyhaveofthenumberofspeciesthereareonEarth.Estimatesvaryfrom2-100millionspecieswiththebestestimateof10million.1.4millionhavebeennamed.1/5ofallbirdsarefoundintheAmazon.第十七頁(yè)第十八頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Biodiversity

Lessthan1%ofplantspecieshavebeenstudiedforpossibleuses.121prescriptiondrugscurrentlysoldworldwidecomefromplantsources.U.S.NationalCancerCenterhaveidentified3000plantsthatareactiveagainstcancercells.70%arefoundintheRainforest,and25%areONLYfoundintheRainforest.第十八頁(yè)第十九頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Biodiversity

WatchpartofPlanetEarth’s“Jungles”Listsomeexamplesofuniquefauna(animal)diversity.Listsomeexamplesofuniqueflora(plant)diversity.TimeLapsephotographyshowsplantgrowthinan“open”area.WhyistheRainforestsoproductive?第十九頁(yè)第二十頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。FoodAtleast3000fruitsarefoundintherainforests;oftheseonly200arenowinuseintheWesternWorld.TheIndiansoftherainforestuseover2,000.第二十頁(yè)第二十一頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Food80%ofthedevelopedworld’sdietoriginatedinthetropicalrainforestavocados,coconuts,figs,oranges,lemons,grapefruit,bananas,guavas,pineapples,mangosandtomatoes;vegetablesincludingcorn,potatoes,rice,wintersquashandyams;spiceslikeblackpepper,cayenne,chocolate,cinnamon,cloves,ginger,sugarcane,tumeric,coffeeandvanillaandnutsincludingBrazilnutsandcashews.第二十一頁(yè)第二十二頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。IndigenousPeopleTherewereanestimatedtenmillionIndianslivingintheAmazonianRainforestfivecenturiesago.Todaytherearelessthan200,000.InBrazilalone,Europeancolonistshavedestroyedmorethan90indigenoustribessincethe1900’s.Withthemhavegonecenturiesofaccumulatedknowledgeofthemedicinalvalueofrainforestspecies.第二十二頁(yè)第二十三頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。RainforestLoss1-11/2acresofrainforestarelosteverysecond.That’s1footballfield/s(1800/hr,43,200/day).Someestimatessaythatwearelosing137plant,animalandinsectspecieseverysingledayduetorainforestdeforestation.Thatequatesto50,000speciesayear.第二十三頁(yè)第二十四頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。第二十四頁(yè)第二十五頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。第二十五頁(yè)第二十六頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。RainforestLoss

Massivedeforestationcauses;-airandwaterpollution -soilerosion -releaseofcarbondioxide-lossofindigenouscultures-lossofbiodiversityandspecies第二十六頁(yè)第二十七頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Someestimatesarethat1.5footballfields(1.5acres)ofRainforestarelosteverysecond.第二十七頁(yè)第二十八頁(yè)，共33頁(yè)。Ittakesroughly10secondstoreciteyourABC’s.Thisi