統(tǒng)考版2024屆高考英語二輪專項(xiàng)分層特訓(xùn)卷40分閱讀理解提分練二

40分閱讀理解提分練(二)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)HiddengardensinLondonFromnaturereservestocommunityspace,we'vedugupsomeofLondon'smostsecretgardens,whereyou'llfindpocketsofsplendidnatureandforgetaboutallyourworries.Queen'sWoodAcrosstheroadfromthebetter-knownHighgateWood,thereissomethingmoremagicalandquieteraboutQueen'sWood—itspathwaysthroughthemountainashandcherrytrees.ItmightbeonlyafewhundredmetresfromHighgatetubestation,butnativebluebellsandcountlessspeciesofsmallanimalsmakethisawonderfulretreat.PhoenixGardenBehindCharingCrossRoadthisisasuperspotforacomfortablelunchtimebreak.Lookoutforfrogsandsparrows,whicharethrivingthankstoanenthusiasticconservationinitiative.Thegardenclosedlastautumnforredevelopmentworkbuthasreopenedintimetotakeadvantageofalongspellofgoodweather.Postman'sParkAshortwalkfromStPaul'sCathedralliesoneofLondon'smosttouchingmonuments.WithinthequietPostman'sPark,nestledbeneatharoof,arejustover50ceramicplaques(匾牌),eachhonoringthememoryofanordinarypersonwholosthisorherlifetryingtosaveothers.RedCrossGardenOriginallyintendedtogiveSouthwarkchildrenaspacetoplay,thisVictoriangardenhasbeenrestoredtoitsoriginaldesign,completewithponds,cottages,bandstandsandformalborders.Whilerelaxingintherestoredbandstand,it'shardtoimaginetheviewbackin1887whenitwassurroundedbyworkhousesandfactories.1．Whichgardenisclosetoasubwaystation?A．Queen'sWood.B．PhoenixGarden.C．Postman'sPark.D．RedCrossGarden.2．WhatcanyoudoinPostman'sPark?A．Takephotosofoldworkhouses.B．Swiminthepond.C．Learnstoriesaboutselflessness.D．Enjoyabandshow.3．WhatdoPhoenixGardenandRedCrossGardenhaveincommon?A．Theyhavegotsomerepairwork.B．Theyweresurroundedbyfactories.C．Theywillbetemporarilyclosed.D．Theyhavethesameoriginaldesign.(B)[2023·武漢市高三模擬試題]WhenMichaelFordwasakid,hedreamedofbeingacardesigner.Butwhenhewas11,thingschanged.That'swhenhewenttoacar-designprogramandendeduplearningaboutarchitectureinstead.“Asayoungster,Iwasluckyenoughtohavesomeconversationswiththepeoplerunningthatsummerprogram，”hetoldTimeforKids.TalkingwithdesignerstherestimulatedFord'sinterestinarchitecture.Hewentontopursueitasacareer.NowFordhopestoinspirethesameinterestinotheryoungpeople.Lastyear,helaunchedhisownarchitectureprogramforkidsaged10to17.Buthisprogramhasanunexpectedfeature.Campersbasetheirdesignsonhip-hoplyrics.Ford'sgoalistoinspireanewgenerationofarchitectsfromunderrepresentedcommunities.“Only4%ofarchitectsareAfricanAmericans，”hesaid.“Mostofourbuildings,mostofourparksandpublicspaces,haveallbeendesignedbywhitemales.Ifwecanincreasediversity,theentireworldwillnowstarttoexperiencespacefromatotallynewperspective.”FordcallshisprogramtheHipHopArchitectureCamp.Theone-weekcampisofferedtostudentsaroundthecountry.Atthecamp,studentslistentoandreadthelyricsofhip-hopsongs.Thentheyusesomeofthoselyricstoguidetheminplanningacityblock.Ongraphpaper,eachsquarerepresentsaword.StudentsbuildwithLegooneachsquarebasedonthenumberofsyllables(音節(jié))ineachword.Intheend,theyhavewhatlookslikeacityskyline.KidsthenuseadesignprogramcalledTinkercadtotransformtheirLegomodelsinto3Ddigitalversions.Fordbelievesthisapproachhelpscamperslearnthatarchitectureisaboutmorethanjustconstruction.“Thearchitect'sNumber1jobistoservepeople'sneeds，”hesays.“Architectureplaysacriticalroleindeterminingorchallenginghowpeopleliveincertaincommunities.”4．WhatmadeFordchangehisdreamofbeingacardesigner?A．Participationinaprogram.B．Lackoftalentforcar-designing.C．Desireforamorepromisingcareer.D．Conversationswitharchitecturedesigners.5．WhatisFord'sarchitectureprogramaimedat?A．Appealingtoyoungpeople.B．Popularizinghip-popmusic.C．Promotingdiversityinthefield.D．Connectingmusicwitharchitecture.6．Ifyouhear“beautiful”，howmanyblockswouldyouuseonthesquare?A．1.B．2.C．3.D．4.7．What'sFord'sopinionaboutarchitecture?A．Itdeterminespeople'sneeds.B．Itinfluencespeople'slifestyles.C．Itisjustaboutbuildingthings.D．Itisaboutaddingmorebuildings.(C)[2023·沈陽市高三一模]Myopia,ornearsightedness,isacommoneyeconditioninwhichyoucanseeobjectsneartoyouclearly,butobjectsfartherawayareblurry.Toseethefartherthingsclearly,youhavetheoptionofwearingeyeglasses,orundergoingthemoreinvasiverefractivesurgery.ButJapan'sKubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.claimstohavedevelopedsmartglassesthat,ifwornjustanhourperday,cancuremyopia.Itprojectsanimageontothewearers'retina(視網(wǎng)膜)tocorrecttherefractiveerrorthatcausesnearsightedness.Obviously,wearingthedevice60to90minutesadaycorrectsmyopia.Sohowdoesthetechnologydevelopedbythecompanyworkexactly?Well,accordingtoacompanypressreleaseinDecemberoflastyear,thespecialglassesrelyonmicro-LEDstoprojectvirtualimagesonthevisualfieldtomaketheretinaactive.Apparently,itcandothatwithoutaffectingthewearer'sdailyactivities.FoundedbyDr.RyoKubota,KubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.isstilltestingthedevice,knownasKubotaGlass,andtryingtodeterminehowlongtheeffectlastsaftertheuserwearsthedevice,andhowlongtheugly-lookingglasseshavetobewornforthecorrectiontobepermanent.KubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.begantestingtheglassesinthesummeroflastyear,andiscurrentlyconductingtestsonabout25peopleintheU．S.toassesstheeffectivenessofitssmartglasses.ThecompanyplanstobeginsellingthedeviceinAsiainthesecondhalfofnextyearwheretherearemorenearsightedpeople,butithasplannedtoenterothermarketsinthefuture.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurry”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Familiar.B．Different.C．Impressive.D．Unclear.9．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theeffectofwearingthesmartglasses.B．Thedisadvantagesofthesmartglasses.C．Theworkingprincipleofthesmartglasses.D．Thecorrectwayofwearingthesmartglasses.10．WhydoesthecompanydecidetoselltheglassesfirstinAsia?A．ItwantstoservetheAsiansbetter.B．TheseglassesaremoresuitableforAsians.C．ScientificdevelopmentisslowerinAsia.D．ThereismoremarketdemandinAsia.11．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext?A．Tosolveaproblem.B．Tointroduceanewproduct.C．Topresentaresearchresult.D．Togivepracticaladvice.(D)[2023·長春市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)督]Summer'shereanditwon'tbelongbeforeschool-agedkidsacrossAmericastartcomplainingthatthey'retiredofridingtheirbikes,playingatthepark,swimminginthepool...andalltheotherawesomeactivitiestheirparentshopewouldkeepthementertainedforthenext10weeks.Suchrapid-onsetboredomcouldindicatethatthekidshaveamazingpowersofrecall.Anewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort-termmemoryis,thefasteryoufeelboredanddecideyou'vehadenough.ThefindingsappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.“Thoughboredomcanbephysical,likewhenyoufeelfullaftereatingtoomuch,wewereinterestedinthepsychologicalsideofboredom,likewhenyou'rejusttiredofsomething.”NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityofKansasSchoolofBusiness,andhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatriedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox.“Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeoplegettiredofthesamethingsatverydifferentrates.Soifyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Butalotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs.”Thedifferencemighthavetodowithmemoriesofpastconsumption.Forexample,studiesshowthatpeoplepushawayfromthedinnertablesoonerwhenthey'reaskedtodescribeindetailwhattheyateearlierforlunch.Thefindingssuggestthatmarketerscoulduseourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaystodistract(使分心)usandkeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrickourselvesintoeatinglessjunkfoodbyimmersing(使沉浸)ourselvesinthememoryofaprevioussnack.Asforkidseasilybored,justtellthemtobefogged(混淆不清的)aboutit—itmighthelpthemhavemorefun.12．Whatcanbelearnedabouttherapid-onsetboredomfromthepassage?A．Itisaphysicalreactionafterlunch.B．Itismorelikelytohappentochildren.C．Itiscloselyrelatedtoshort-termmemory.D.Itoccursphysicallyfirstandthenpsychologically.13．Howmaypeopletakeadvantageofthefindings?A.Helpkidseatmorebysharingtheirfeelingsaboutfood.B．Recallactivities'detailstoimprovekids'memorizingability.C．Talklessaboutprevioussnackstoreducejunkfoodconsumption.D.Keepconsumersfromrememberingexperiencestopromotegoods.14．Howdoestheauthormakethefindingseasytounderstand?A．Bymakingcomparison.B．Byanalyzingdata.C．Bydescribingprocesses.D．Bygivingexamples.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．GoodMemoryMakesforBoredomB．HowtoInventInterestingActivitiesC．BoringActivitiesDoHarmtoKids'MemoryD．PhysicalBoredomAffectsPsychologicalFeelings第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyday,alotofpeoplemovehouse.Withnewfoundappreciationforspaceandair,itmaysuddenlyhaveseemedasifanewkindoflifewaspossible.__16__Here'ssomeexpertadviceonhowtobuildanewcommunity.__17__Askpeopleyoualreadyknowiftheycouldintroduceyoutoanyoneinthelocationtowhichyouaremoving.Thepostingonsocialmediaisprobablytheeasiestwaytotapyourfriends'friends.Itincreasesthechancethatthere'ssomeoneyouwillgetalongwith.Don'texpectfriendstomagicallyappear.__18__Peoplereallyneedtotaketheinitiativetogooutthereandmeetotherpeopleandnotassumethatfriendsarejustgoingtofallintotheirlives.Aspeoplebecomefamiliartous,welikethemmore,andit'scompletelyunconscious.Beopentoabroaderrangeofpeople.Youhavespentalifetimenarrowingyoursocialcircletothoseyoureallycareabout,butthechancesareyou'renotgoingtomeetnewbestfriendsinyournewareainstantly.Whenitcomestofriendships,havingclosefriendsisoneofthebestthingswecandoforourhealthandwell-being.Butevenhavingbriefinteractionswithpeopleingeneralbenefitsus.__19__Don'tdespair.Remembertomaintainpre-existingfriendships,sothatyou'renotfeelinglonelyanddisconnectedwhiledevelopingnewrelationships.__20__Butpeopledon'trealizethatiftheyputthemselvesoutthere,theprocesscangofasterthantheythink.Itreallymakesadifferenceifyou'rewillingtoattenddifferentevents;youcanreallychangeyoursociallife.A．Makeapublicappeal.B．Putsomeworkinbeforeyoumove.C．Qualityisbest,butquantitystilldoessomething.D．Itcantakealongtimetobuildupnewfriendships.E．Butnowthepandemichasmadeithardertoconnectwithstrangers.F．Itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanyoumadethewrongdecisiononthemove.G．Wetendtothinkfriendshipshappennaturally,butthat'sahugemisconception.[答題區(qū)]16．________17.________18.________19.________20.________40分閱讀理解提分練（二）閱讀理解第一節(jié)（A）語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——倫敦的秘密花園。【文章大意】文章介紹了四個(gè)各具特色的花園1．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Queen'sWood部分的“Itmightbe...Highgatetubestation”可知，Queen'sWood離地鐵站只有幾百米遠(yuǎn)。2．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Postman'sPark部分中的“Withinthequiet...tryingtosaveothers”可知，在Postman'sPark，有50多塊陶瓷匾牌位于屋頂下，每一塊都是為了紀(jì)念為拯救他人而犧牲的普通人。由此可知，在Postman'sPark，人們可以學(xué)習(xí)到無私奉獻(xiàn)的精神。3．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PhoenixGarden部分中的“Thegardenclosed...goodweather”和RedCrossGarden部分中的“thisVictoriangardenhasbeenrestoredtoitsoriginaldesign”可知，兩個(gè)地方的共同點(diǎn)是都經(jīng)過了修復(fù)。（B）語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)與文化——嘻哈建筑營【文章大意】MichaelFord成立了嘻哈建筑營，該項(xiàng)目旨在增加建筑領(lǐng)域的多樣性。Ford認(rèn)為建筑在決定或挑戰(zhàn)人們?cè)谔囟ㄉ鐓^(qū)的生活方式方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。4．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Talkingwithdesignersthere...asacareer”可知，和設(shè)計(jì)師們的談話激發(fā)了Ford對(duì)建筑的興趣，改變了他想成為汽車設(shè)計(jì)師的夢(mèng)想，故D項(xiàng)正確。5．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifwecanincreasediversity,theentireworldwillnowstarttoexperiencespacefromatotallynewperspective”可知，F(xiàn)ord的建筑項(xiàng)目的目的是在建筑領(lǐng)域增加多樣性，故C項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“StudentsbuildwithLegooneachsquarebasedonthenumberofsyllables（音節(jié)）ineachword”可知，要用到幾塊積木取決于單詞有幾個(gè)音節(jié)，根據(jù)beautiful的音標(biāo)/bju：t?f?l/可知，beautiful由三個(gè)音節(jié)——bju：，t?和f?l組成，故C項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：B觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中Ford所說的話“Architectureplaysacriticalroleindeterminingorchallenginghowpeopleliveincertaincommunities”可推知，F(xiàn)ord認(rèn)為建筑可以影響人們的生活方式，故B項(xiàng)正確。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——科技發(fā)明——近視眼的福音【文章大意】本文主要介紹了日本一家公司已經(jīng)研發(fā)出了一種智能眼鏡，該公司宣稱每天佩戴一小時(shí)，就可以治愈近視。它能將圖像投射到佩戴者的視網(wǎng)膜上，以矯正導(dǎo)致近視的屈光不正。8．答案與解析：D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Myopia，ornearsightedness...fartherawayareblurry”可知，近視是能看清近距離的物體看不清遠(yuǎn)距離的物體，故畫線詞的意思應(yīng)與D項(xiàng)“模糊不清的”最為接近。故選D項(xiàng)。9．答案與解析：