江蘇高考新題型讀寫作文公開課課件

Task-basedwriting

高考英語之讀寫作文考試大綱：要求考生根據(jù)所給情景用英語寫一篇150個單詞左右的短文，情景的形式包括圖表、圖畫、提綱、信函、短文等。考生應能：（1）根據(jù)特定的語境準確使用英語語法，選用適當?shù)脑~匯；（2）使用一定的句型、詞匯，清楚、連貫地傳遞信息和表達思想。名師解讀內(nèi)容趨同廣東省高考作文之讀寫任務2013年廣東高考英語語2012年廣東高考英英語2011年廣東高考英英語“讀寫任務”其實是“讀”和“寫”的有機結合，“讀”的材料是為了后面的“寫”提供情景，同樣，“寫”也是對“讀”的材料的思考和延伸。讀寫任務的寫作內(nèi)容一般分為兩部分，即TASK1、SUMMARY;TASK2、OPINION。

Expressopiniontooearly過早表達觀點!Usethefirstpersoninsteadofthethirdperson沒有使用第三人稱Usetoomanyoriginalwordsorsentencesfromthepassage.直接或過多引用原文lacktransitionalwordsorstatements缺乏過渡詞句Usetoomanyspecificdetailsinsteadofgeneralwords.過多細節(jié)而非概括性語言（1）keypointsarenotcomplete概括要點不全（2）Usethefirstpersoninsteadofthethirdperson沒有使用第三人稱（3）Usetoomanyoriginalwordsorsentencesfromthepassage.過多引用原文（4）Usetoomanyspecificdetailsinsteadofgeneralwords.過多細節(jié)而非概括性語言（5）Expressopiniontooearly過早表達觀點（6）lacktransitionalwordsorstatements缺乏過渡詞句（7）toomanysimplesentences句式單調(diào)Commonmistakes寫作中的難點：1．如何迅速、準確地捕捉要點；2．如何靈活詮釋，避免抄襲的嫌疑；3．如何巧妙串連，將要點串成篇章。如何寫概括Canwemainlyuseourownwordsorthesentencesintheoriginalpassage?Whatshouldbeincludedinthesummary?3.Canwewriteitinthefirstpersonorthethirdperson?4.Canweexpressouropinion?FOCUS:Strategy1從文體入手，分析文章結構，準確把握要點，注意區(qū)分事實和觀點、重要和次要、普遍與特殊、相關與不相關、原因和結果等邏輯關系。Whatisasummary?

AshortenedversionofthetextMainpointsofthetextWritteninyourownwords

Asummaryisabriefaccountofthemainpointsofanarticleinyourownwords.

Stylesofpassageargumentation1narration2exposition3narrationThesixelementsofanarrativepassage:

whowhenwhere

What

(event)How(process)whyHi,IamMike.Ijustwentthroughmyfirstyearofcollege.Thetoughestpartonmeatfirstwasthegeneraladjustment.Iwenttoaverysmallhighschoolwheremymomwasateacherandshedidpracticallyeverythingforme.ButatthecollegeIneedtoknowsomebasiclifeskills,suchasbalancingacheck-book,laundry,andthethingsyouhavetobeabletohandlethatIneverthoughtofinthehighschool!ItwasreallytoughformeatfirstandIgotbadlyhomesick.OncethatfirstsemesterwasoverandIgotusedtothecollegelife,Iloveit—goodfacilities,helpfulinstructors,andagoodlibrary.Thestudent’sUnionorganizesvariouspartieseveryweek.Ialsogotocinemasandconcerts,andoftenspendSaturdaynightsinpubsandclubs.OnethingIthinkisimportantistogetyourselfactiveinthings.Iwasondanceteamincollegeandmetatonofpeoplethatway—itwassomucheasiertomakefriendswhenyouhadacommonground.thesixelementsofanarrativepassage

who

When/where/What

How(process)Atfirst:

Then:

Atlast:

why

MikeHisfirstyearofcollegetoughest…adjustmentgotusedtoitlovethecollegelifeGethimselfactiveinthings

Mikesharedwithushisfirstyearofcollegelife.

Atfirsthe_______________________,butaftergettingactiveinthingsforonesemester,he____________and______________.didn’tadjusthimselfwelladaptedtoitenjoyedhimselfcongratulations!Theelementsofanargumentation1.astrongstatementofopinion.(thetopicsentences)2.supportfortheopinion.(supportingsentences)3.conclusion/suggestions.(thepurposeofthepassage)ArgumentationGettingupearlyhasbeenregardasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.1.Astrongstatementofopinion.(thekeyidea):Gettingupearly/agoodhabit/ofgreatimportance2.Supportfortheopinion(supportingsentences)

abettermemoryahealthierbodyabetterpreparationfortheday3.Conclusion/suggestions.agoodhabit/benefitalot

Thepassagesaysgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot.Itenablesustohaveabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.ExpositionThetopic-what:Thereasons-why:Theeffects-howThesolutions:Theconclusion:Thetopic-what:KoalasareunhappyandcomplainingThereasons-why:Tourists’takingphotosTheeffects-howBeingrepeatedlyawakenThesolutions:GovernmentbanthepracticeTheconclusion:BemorekindtoanimalsThepassagenarratesthatkoalaswhoarerepeatedlyawakenfromtheirdeepsleepareunhappyandcomplainingfortouriststakingphotos.Theauthorappealstoustobemorekindtoanimals.Strategy2靈活變化表達，適度進行paraphrase,理清要點之間的邏輯關系之后，不能簡單地照搬原句，還必須進行適度的paraphrase，即用自己的話進行改寫，做到“雁過不留痕”。Someusefulskills:1)Usewordsofsimilarmeanings同義替換法2)Adopttheoppositewaywhensayingasentence正話反說或反話正說法Youwillnotsucceed.=Youwillfail.Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhendriving.=Youshouldbecarefulwhendriving.Ican’tagreewithyoumore.=Iagreewithyou.3)Changethepartofspeech詞性轉換法Thephotoisofimportancetome.=Thephotoisimportanttome.

4)Changethestructureofasentence句式變化法語態(tài)變換：Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise.→Childrenshouldbegivenmorepraise.簡單句變復合句：Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore.Thiswillhelpthemlearnfaster.Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore,whichwillhelpthemlearnfaster..削“枝”去“葉”，實行精“兵”裁“員”。由于字數(shù)限制，又要涵蓋所有要點，用詞必須“能省則省”。Strategy3Someusefulskills:1)主謂縮寫theywill→they’ll;weare→we’re;cannot→can’t

2)句式省略ifthey’recorrectedtoomuch=ifcorrectedtoomuch3)使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweekandsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervocation.Shebroughthomealotofbookstoreadduringthevocation.小試身手ItmusthavebeenabouttwointhemorningwhenIreturnedhome.Itriedtowakeupmywifebyringingthedoorbell,butshewasfastasleep,soIgotaladderfromtheshedinthegarden,putitagainstthewall,andbeganclimbingtowardsthebedroomwindow.Iwasalmosttherewhenasarcasticvoicebelowsaid,“Idon’tthinkthewindowsneedcleaningatthistimeofthenight.”IlookeddownandnearlyfellofftheladderwhenIsawapoliceman.IimmediatelyregrettedansweringinthewayIdid,butIsaid,“Ienjoycleaningwindowsatnight.”“SodoI,”answeredthepolicemaninthesametone.“Excusemyinterruptingyou.Ihatetointerruptamanwhenhe’sbusyworking,butwouldyoumindcomingwithmetothestation?”“Well,I’dprefertostayhere,”Isaid.“Yousee,I’veforgottenmykey.”“Yourwhat?”hecalled.“Mykey,”Ishouted.Fortunately,theshoutingwokeupmywifewhoopenedthewindowjustasthepolicemanhadstartedtoclimbtowardsmeArrivinghomeinearlymorning,thewriterfailedtowakeuphiswifebythedoorbell.Tryingtoclimbtowardsthebedroomwindow,hewasfoundbyapoliceman.Hisshoutingeventuallywokehiswife.(35words)Advertisingcanbeaservicetocustomers.Thisistruewhenadvertisementsgivereliableinformationaboutthegoodsadvertised.Suchinformationisneededifthecustomeristomakeasensiblechoicewhenhebuyssomething.Itisusefulinthatitletshimknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.Printedadvertisementsdothisjobbest.Customerscancollectthemandcomparethem.Theycanbetakenalongtotheshopsandtheirstatementscanbecheckedagainstandactualgoodsintheshops.Someadvertisementsarenotveryusefultothecustomers.Insteadofhelpingthecustomertosatisfyhisrealneeds,theysetouttomakehimwantthings.Theysetouttomakeusbelievethatwhattheyadvertisewillmakeuscleverer,prettier,morehandsome,ifonlyweuseit.ThevoiceonTVsays,“GetawaypeopleuseXYZpetrol.”Thescreenshowsapictureofpetrolpumpforafastexpensivecarownedbyaboywithaprettygirlfriend.Theydriveofftothewonderfulcountryoralovelybeach.Somepeoplemayfeelthatclever,successfulpeopleuseXYZpetrol.Somemightchoosethatpetroleverytimetheyfilluptheircars.Advertisingcanbeusefulwhenitprovidescustomerswithreliableinformation，whilesomeadvertisementsarenotthecaseastheyareproducedonlytopersuadecustomerstobuywhattheydon’tneed.(31words)Studentsshouldthinknowaboutwhatextracurricular(課外的)activitiesthey'dliketoparticipatein.Participatinginextracurricularactivitiesmayhelpyoudeepenyourphysical,creative,social,political,andcareerinterestsbybringingyouintocommunicationwithotherlike-mindedpeopleyoudidn’tpreviouslyknow.Youcanjoingroupsasawaytogetsupportfromotherstudents.Acluborgroupcanalsobeagreatwaytomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.Lotsofyouthprogramsbringpeopletogetherwiththosewhoaredifferentasawaytobreakdownthebarriersbetweenpeople.Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshelpsyouinotherways,too.Itlooksgoodoncollegeandjobapplicationsandshowsadmissionsofficersandemployersyou'rewell-roundedandresponsible.Specificactivitieshelpwithspecificgoals.Themostbasicreasonforjoiningacluborteamisthatitgivesyousomethingbettertodothanstaringatthewall,wanderingthehall,orsleepingallafternoon.Peoplewhoareparticipatingarelesslikelytopickupbadhabits,likesmokingordrinking.Theauthor(Thepassage)discussedthebenefitofextracurricularactivitiesincludingbeingawaytoimprovestudents’health,widentheirsocialcircleandintroducethemtonewideasandpeople.(30words)Strategy4巧用過渡詞句和關聯(lián)詞，提升作文檔次。SUMMARY和OPINION之間要有過渡語句，才能給人“形合”的感覺。而段落內(nèi)部的關聯(lián)詞，可以反映出作者思路清晰，并增強文章的連貫性。記敘文的過渡語(1)Ihaveasimilarexperience.(2)Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.(3)Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto...(4)Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceof...議論文的過渡語表示贊同/不贊同(1)Iagreewiththestatementthat...(2)Ido/quiteagreewiththeauthor...(3)I’mforthewriter’sideathat...(4)Ifullysupportthestatement...(5)Ican’tagreemorewith...

(1)Ipartly/don’tagreewithwhatthewritersaid/thewriter’sview.(2)I’mstronglyagainstthewriter’sidea.(3)Thisopinionsoundsright/reasonable,butishardlypractical.(4)Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat...Buttobefrank,Icannotagreewiththem.常見關聯(lián)詞1)先后次序關系：lastbutnotleast;tobegin/start/endwith;finally;firstofall;afterwards;followingthis;2)因果關系：anotherimportantfactor／reasonof...;since;as;for;inthat...;owingto;dueto;inviewof;forthisreason;asaresultofthis;therefore;...andso...;consequently;asaresult;thus;sothat...;inconsequence;asaconsequence;3)轉折關系：but;evenso;however;though;eventhough;despitethat;inspiteofthat;regardlessof;yet...;andyet;4)并列關系：and;also;too;aswellas;either...，or...;both...and...5)(補充)遞進關系：furthermore;moreover;further;inthisway;still;notonly...butalso...;not...but...;inaddition(to);additionally,6)比較關系：similarly;incomparisonwith;whencomparedwith;comparedwith;like...;similarlyimportant;apartfrom(doing)...;...ratherthan...，bydoingso;both…and...;inthesameway;notonly...but(also).7)對照(不同點)：yet;still;forallofthat;rather;neither...nor;although;though;but;however;somethingisjusttheotherwayaround;yet;unlike;opposedto;asopposedto;incontrast(to);onthecontrary;differentfromthis;asopposedtothis;contraryto;whereas;while;butontheotherhand.8)舉例關系:forexample;forinstance;inthiscase;namely;asyouknow;youmaysay;like;suchas;

inparticular;including...;foronething...,foranother...;putitsimply;Itisinterestingtonotethat...9)強調(diào)關系：infact;especially;particularly;moreover;naturally;whatismoreimportant;inreality;certainly;ofcourse;indeed;inparticular;itiscertain／surethat...;tobestrict;tobetrue;intruth10)條件關系:if;unless;lest;providedthat;ifitisthecase;inthissense;once...;ifpossible;ifnecessary;ifso;ifnotall;ifanything.11)歸納總結類：generallyspeaking,generally,asageneralrule,ingeneral,inasense,intermsof,inconclusion,inshort,inbrief,insummary,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup,toconclude

12)目的關系：withthisobject;forthispurpose;inorderthat;inthisway,since;sothat;onthataccount(由于那個緣故);incase13)

重申關系：inotherwords;thatistosay;asIhavesaid;again;onceagain.Strategy5運用較為豐富的句式和高級詞匯，為作文錦上添花。適時使用非謂語動詞結構、with短語結構、定語從句、倒裝句型、短語動詞等。1.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名詞性從句）2.ThoughI’mweak,I’llmaketheeffort.(使用倒裝句)3.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用強調(diào)句型)4.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.(用虛擬語氣）What

surpriseshimisthat

thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.practiceWeakasIam,I’llmaketheeffort.

Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.

Icouldn’thavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.

5.Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(使用過去分詞)6.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.(使用V-ing形式)7.Iwon’tbelievewhathesays.（nomatterwhat狀語從句）

8.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.

（祈使句+and…）Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelieve.

Studyhardandyou’llmakerapidprogress.9．HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.(使用倒裝句)10.Weallthinkheisagreatman.(thinkhighlyof)11.Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.(turnout)12.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.(themore…themore)Nosoonerhadhecome

backfromBeijing

than

hewassentabroad.Weallthinkhighlyofhim

.Th