沖刺2024年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷01（全國(guó)卷）

沖刺2024年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷（全國(guó)卷專用）真題重組卷01注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A．Dosomegardening. B．Haveabarbecue. C．Gofishing.【答案】C【原文】M:Wegotanyplansthisweekend?W:Wemightstartwithourvegetablegarden,thenthebarbecue.M:Soundsfun,butIstillwanttogofishingwithGeorge.2．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Anewoffice. B．Achangeoftheirjobs. C．Aformercolleague.【答案】C【原文】M:Lisa,IsawJackthismorning.W:Youmeantheformerdesignerofourpany?What’shedoingthesedays?M:Hesaidhe’sgotanewjobasanartreporter.3．Whatisthemandoing?A．Askingtheway.B．Givingdirections.C．Correctingamistake.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme,Igotlost.Itookabustocityhall,butIcan’tfindtheplace.W:Thisistheconcerthall,notcityhall.Togothere,youshouldtakethebusatGrandHoteloverthere.4．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthebookstore. B．Intheregisteroffice. C．Inthedormbuilding.【答案】B【原文】W:CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothestudentdormbuilding?M:Sure.Turnleftwhenyouwalkoutofthisregisteroffice,passthebookstoreandyou’llseeit.5．Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Tired.【答案】C【原文】略第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A．Theirbusinessisslow.B．Theweatherisfavorable.C．It'seasytohirepeople.7．Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A．Finishitallatonce.B．Havethesalessectiongofirst.C．Doonedepartmentatatime.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:Weneedtodecideexactlywhenwe’regoingtomove.Anysuggestions?W:IthinkJulywouldbethebesttime.Oursalesarealwaysdownthatmonth.Wecouldmovealltheofficeequipmentataweekend,doeverythingatonce.M:Ithinkaweekendistooshort.Maybeweshoulddoitdepartmentbydepartment.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Well,eachweek,adifferentdepartmentwouldmove.Thatway,therewouldalwaysbepeopleheretohandlecustomerinquiries,phonecalls,andsoon.W:Emm,that’sagoodidea.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A．Entertaining. B．Discouraging. C．Boring.9．WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A．Watchagame. B．Playtennis. C．Gotothecinema.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】W:Wow.Thatwasagreatmatch.Ireallylikewatchingtennisgames.M:Metoo.Ithinktennisisanexcitingsport.W:Ithinkso.Doyouplaytennis,John?M:Yes,butnotverywell.Doyouplay?W:Alittle.HowaboutagameonTuesdayafternoon?M:Sure.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．WhatdidDaviddoonhismostrecentholiday?A．Hehadaboattrip. B．Hetookaballoonflight. C．Heclimbedamountain.11．WhatisonDavid'slist?A．Giftsheneededtobuy. B．Thingshewishedtodo. C．Dateshehadtoremember.12．WheredoesthewomansuggestDavidgoforhisnextholiday?A．Australia. B．California. C．TheAmazon.【答案】10．C11．B12．C【原文】W:David,howwasyourholiday?M:Great,IclimbedMountFuji.Itwasreallybeautiful.NowIcancheckonemorethingoffmylist.W:Yourlist?M:Yes.WhenIwas12,ImadealistofthingsIwantedtodosomeday.W:That’sinteresting.Howmanyofthethingsonyourlisthaveyoudonesofar?M:Almosthalf.Ihavepictures.Wouldyouliketoseethem?W:Yes,sure.M:HereIamontopofMountFuji.AndhereIaminahotairballoon.W:Whendidyoudothat?I’vealwayswantedtogoupinahotairballoon.M:Itwastwoyearsago,inAugust,inCalifornia.W:Whatareyourplansforthenextholiday?M:I’mthinkingofdeepseadivinginAustralia.Doyouhaveanyothersuggestions?W:YoureallyoughttotakeaboatdowntheAmazon.You’llseealotofinterestinganimalsandbeautifultrees.It’soneofthebestplacesI’vebeento.M:OK.I’llputitonmylist.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Anxious.14．WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A．TofortNancy. B．Toexpresshisregret. C．Toshowhispride.15．WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A．Takeaschooltest. B．Haveacheckup. C．Goinforapetition.16．WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A．Rewriteherlines. B．Drivehertothetheatre.C．Helpherwiththepractice.【答案】13．C14．A15．C16．C【原文】M:HiNancy!Youlookworried.What’swrong?W:WellDaniel,haveyoueverfeltnervousonstage?M:Sure.DoyourememberthatplayIwasinafewyearsago?Iknewmylines,butIwasterrifiedtohavetorecitetheminfrontofanaudience.AssoonasIsawthecrowdofpeopledownthere,myheartbeatsofastthatIwasunabletosayasingleword.W:That’showIfeeljustthinkingaboutthespellingpetitionnextweek.M:Ididn’tknowyoumadeittothefinals.W:I’mworriedI’llgetnervousandfreezeonstage.Imightforgethowtospelleverything,evenmyownname.Idon’tknowwhattodo.M:Nancy,Iknowthatyou’renotgoingtoforgethowtospellyourname.I’llhelpyougetthroughthis.I’llgototheschoolhallwithyoutopractice.ThenI’llteachyouanexercisemybaseballcoachtaughtme.Believeme.Itworks.W:Ifeelmuchbetternow.Thanks,Daniel.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A．Afitnesscoach. B．Achessplayer. C．Amarathonrunner.18．Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A．HewasmotivatedbyBolt. B．Hebrokeaworldrecord. C．Hewonfifthplace.19．Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A．Gettingoveraninjury. B．Doingstrengthtraining. C．RepresentingBotswana.20．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Hisplantogoforthegold.B．Hisexperienceonthetrack.C．Hisloveforhishomecountry.【答案】17．B18．C19．A20．B【原文】M:Beinganathleteisveryfun,painful,andexciting.EverytimeIetothetrack,IfeellikeI’moutofthisplace.ThisisBotswanaNationalStadium.ThisiswhereItrain.WhenIsawUsainBoltrunningin2012LondonOlympics,Iwasamazed.Justwatchinghimrun,gotmemotivated.Iquitbeingachessplayerandstartedtorun.Iwenttothe2016Olympicsandwenttothefinalsattheageof18.Andwow,Ifinishedfifth.Itwasadreametruetome,butIstillwantedmore.Thetrainingissuperhard.ButthehardestpartformeisthatIgotaninjury,aninjurywhichmaytakemeoutforyears.Foraperiodoftime,asayoungathlete,Ididn’tknowwhattodo.Ilostfocus.Butnow,I’mbackonthetrack.IreallywanttobethereattheOlympicsanddowhatIdidbefore.Domuch,muchgreater.Idon’tcareaboutthegold,Idon’tcareaboutthesilver.Iwanttodomybest,youknow,takeeverythingandshowittotheworld.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2022，全國(guó)乙卷）HenryRaeburn(17561823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,estoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像畫)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.AnIntroductiontoRaeburnDUNCANTHOMSONRaeburn’sEnglishContemporariesJUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn’sPortraitsNICHOLASPHILLIPSONRaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe18thCenturyMARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesLastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnoreadmission.Closed:2426Decemberand1January.Admission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsacpaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfulltimeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?A.Sun.26Oct. B.Thurs.30Oct. C.Thurs.6Nov. D.Thurs.13Nov.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16.23.Howcanfulltimestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings. B.Theyshouldefromartschools.C.Theymustbeledbyteachers. D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了為紀(jì)念蘇格蘭最受歡迎的畫家亨利·雷伯恩爵士進(jìn)行的展覽的相關(guān)情況。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格右上角Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries部分“Thursday30Oct.(10月30日星期四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去參加Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission部分“￡4.Childrenunder12yearsacpaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.(4英鎊。12歲以下兒童在一位成人陪同下免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)。)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦應(yīng)付4+4=8英鎊，兩個(gè)12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費(fèi)，即入場(chǎng)費(fèi)為8英鎊。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfulltimeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.(所有全日制教育的學(xué)生，高至并包括那些學(xué)士學(xué)位水平的學(xué)生，在有教師的組織團(tuán)體中，均可享受每人2英鎊的特別低入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。)”可知，全日制學(xué)生在有教師的組織團(tuán)體中，可以獲得折扣，即他們必須由教師帶領(lǐng)。故選C項(xiàng)。B（2021，全國(guó)甲卷）PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,hasweledthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtoweleanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirsttimemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.24.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.25.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenewbornrhino?A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother. B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.C.Sheisingoodcondition D.Sheissensitivetoheat.26.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary. B.TheyenjoyedexploringnewplacesC.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers. D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在PortLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的部分黑犀?，F(xiàn)狀。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第一段“shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve(她成為該保護(hù)區(qū)出生的第40頭黑犀牛)”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.(他的母親、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保護(hù)區(qū)，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保護(hù)區(qū)的繁育計(jì)劃使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，這計(jì)劃是成功的。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段“She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.(她很健康，很強(qiáng)壯，已經(jīng)渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，PaulBeer認(rèn)為新生的犀牛身體狀況很好。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段“WhenthetinvcreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.(1月31日，當(dāng)這頭小犀牛來(lái)到保護(hù)區(qū)時(shí)，她成為了第40頭在保護(hù)區(qū)出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.(1月5日，犀牛媽媽Kisima分娩的第一頭小犀牛，同時(shí)也是第一個(gè)出生在PortLympne，體重約為32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一個(gè)孩子都是在一月份出生的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章倒數(shù)第二段“itistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild(要判斷這些小犀牛是否會(huì)成為返回野生保護(hù)區(qū)的好的候選者還為時(shí)過(guò)早)”可推知，PonLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的一些犀牛可能會(huì)被送到野生保護(hù)區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。C（2023，全國(guó)乙卷）WhatesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforlessthanimpressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeatandtwovegandreadymademealsandbeingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain. B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes. D.Itdeservesahighreputation.29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹英國(guó)人在英國(guó)烹飪節(jié)目的影響下改變對(duì)烹飪的看法，并嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhatesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（當(dāng)你想到英國(guó)食物時(shí)，你會(huì)想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯?xiàng)l，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國(guó)食物真的如此無(wú)趣嗎？）可知，提及英國(guó)食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯?xiàng)l和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會(huì)覺(jué)得英國(guó)食物平平無(wú)奇。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeatandtwovegandreadymademealsandbeingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動(dòng)，英國(guó)人正在遠(yuǎn)離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。）可知，英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國(guó)人對(duì)烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來(lái)，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影響力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（幾乎三分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購(gòu)買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下來(lái)，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語(yǔ)義連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。D（2020，全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I卷）Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother，employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualpositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse，evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.＂We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,＂explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomemonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthreeandahalfhours.Thelight，aboutonethousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby，isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoselfpoweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture，theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaoneofftreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff＂switch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighwayalotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?A.Todetectplants’lackofwaterB.TochangepositionsofplantsC.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollutionfree?【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了綠色植物對(duì)人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師開發(fā)了一種發(fā)光植物。文章介紹了他們發(fā)明這種植物的過(guò)程，以及這種植物的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，指出在未來(lái)發(fā)光植物有可能取代路燈，達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的作用。32.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州揚(yáng)斯敦進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市綠化較好的地區(qū)犯罪率較低。在另一項(xiàng)研究中，當(dāng)員工的工作場(chǎng)所被室內(nèi)植物裝飾時(shí)，他們的工作效率會(huì)提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是關(guān)于綠色植物的益處。故選D。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.可知這就包括葉子上印有傳感器來(lái)顯示植物缺水的情況的植物，還有一種植物可以檢測(cè)到地下水中的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可知，麻省理工學(xué)院工程師植物葉片上印上傳感器的作用是檢測(cè)植物缺水的情況。故選A。34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.可知發(fā)光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節(jié)約能源。由此可知，這種發(fā)光的植物在未來(lái)可能有助于減少能源消耗。故選C。35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersourcesuchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighwayalotofenergyislostduringtransmission.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.可知照明約占美國(guó)總耗電量的7%。由于照明通常遠(yuǎn)離電源，例如從發(fā)電廠到偏僻公路上路燈的距離，在傳輸過(guò)程中會(huì)損失大量能源。發(fā)光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節(jié)約能源。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了綠色植物對(duì)人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師開發(fā)了一種發(fā)光植物，文章介紹了他們發(fā)明這種植物的過(guò)程，以及這種植物的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)，指出在未來(lái)發(fā)光植物有可能取代路燈，達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的作用。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)光的植物能取代路燈嗎？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2019，全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I卷）IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”____36____Accordingtorecentstudies，theanswerisabigYES，iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.___37___Iftheairyou’rebreathingiscleanwhichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcitiesthentheairisfilledwithlifegiving，energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors，yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply，allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently，peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈)._____38_____Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen，growingthingscanreducestress，lowerbloodpressure，andputpeopleintoabettermood(情緒).Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.______39______Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.___40___Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.【答案】36.E37.A38.G39.C40.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新鮮空氣的好處：新鮮空氣中的氧氣，陽(yáng)光對(duì)人們的身心健康均有好處。人們已經(jīng)開始利用大自然和治愈疾病的關(guān)系，建造“康復(fù)花園”，治療病人了。36.E根據(jù)下一句中的“theanswerisabigYES”可知，該空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，選項(xiàng)中只有E選項(xiàng)是一般疑問(wèn)句。故選E：但是新鮮空氣真得像你母親說(shuō)的那樣對(duì)你有好處嗎？空前的peopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”和選項(xiàng)中的“yourmotheralwayssaid”亦是呼應(yīng)。37.A根據(jù)下一句中提到的“Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean…theairisfilledwithlifegiving,energizingoxygen”可知，新鮮空氣充滿賦予人生命的，充滿活力的氧氣。下文中“…breathemoredeeply,allowingmoreoxygentogettoyourmusclesandyourbrain”是對(duì)前文的遞進(jìn)：在戶外，更多的氧氣進(jìn)入你的肌肉和大腦。根據(jù)前面的分析可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到新鮮空氣的基本作用，根據(jù)常識(shí)，我們知道吸入的空氣首先進(jìn)入的是肺部，然后才會(huì)使我們的肌肉和大腦受益，故該空應(yīng)選A選項(xiàng)：新鮮空氣清潔我們的肺部。38.G根據(jù)下一句中提到的“theseplaces”可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到表示地點(diǎn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。選項(xiàng)中只有G選項(xiàng)提到該類名詞，故選項(xiàng)G：在全國(guó)，康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造“康復(fù)花園”。theseplaces就是指HealingGardens。39.C前文介紹的是“康復(fù)花園”中的綠色植物對(duì)于病人康復(fù)的好的作用：綠色的正在成長(zhǎng)的植物可以減輕壓力，降低血壓，使人情緒良好?？蘸筇岬健八o我們一種平和感”。該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于“康復(fù)花園”這種自然環(huán)境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。故C選項(xiàng)切題：身處大自然可以使人精神煥發(fā)。40.D根據(jù)下文中提到的“thesun’srays…giveusbeneficialVitaminD”可知，該段介紹的陽(yáng)光的好處。故該選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該提到陽(yáng)光。選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)涉及陽(yáng)光。故選D：獲得新鮮空氣的另一個(gè)好處是陽(yáng)光。語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2022，全國(guó)甲卷）Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their___41___wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.Nearly.Lastyear,Istarteddating,butwith___42___.WhenIfirstdatedSteve,I___43___hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwas___44___thathewasananimallover,I___45___thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack__46___,thecat.Thenextweekwe___47___ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour___48___,Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)?Ilikedhimtoo,butso___49___?Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs._____450_____,Ibegantofallforhim.We_____51_____todate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.AndtheninlateNovember,Tillyhadanoperationonher_____52_____.Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTilly_____53_____climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.ThenSteve_____54_____hishouse.Allworked_____55_____.Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,_____56_____Flora’sspace;SteveandIformedagoodteam_____57_____forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.Ayearlater,muchtomy_____58_____,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI_____59_____himto.That’sonlyforgiving_____60_____tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.41.A.ownership B.membership C.panionshipD.leadership42.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidenceD.prejudice43.A.feared B.doubted C.hopedD.learned44.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrifiedD.thrilled45.A.predicted B.worried C.regrettedD.insisted46.A.Flora B.Chance C.MollyD.Tilly47.A.tied B.walked C.bathedD.fed48.A.breath B.balance C.attentionD.imagination49.A.calm B.sure C.soonD.real50.A.Bytheway B.Inthatcase C.ByallmeansD.Inthatmoment51.A.continued B.decided C.intendedD.pretended52.A.eye B.tail C.earD.leg53.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventuallyD.unwillingly54.A.left B.sold C.suggestedD.searched55.A.late B.hard C.fineD.free56.A.emptied B.respected C.occupiedD.discovered57.A.looking B.caring C.waitingD.calling58.A.delight B.credit C.interestD.disadvantage59.A.beg B.trust C.needD.aid60.A.toys B.awards C.foodD.water【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.B45.B46.A47.B48.A49.C50.D51.A52.D53.B54.A55.C56.B57.B58.A59.C60.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者認(rèn)為你可以從一個(gè)男人對(duì)待他的狗的方式來(lái)了解他很多，作者多年和兩只愛犬生活在一起，去年開始和擁有貓狗的史蒂夫約會(huì)，但有所保留，因?yàn)橐淮五薰窌r(shí)史蒂夫把水給自己的愛犬喝，作者漸漸對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，在之后的接觸中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顧作者的愛犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。A.ownership所有權(quán)；B.membership會(huì)員；C.panionship陪伴；D.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由上文的“Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.(多年來(lái)，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我開始約會(huì)，但有所保留。A.reservations保留；B.expectations期望；C.confidence信心；D.prejudice偏見。由下文的“Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.(他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，遞給我的狗)”和“Ibegantofallforhim(我開始愛上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗時(shí)，因?yàn)槭返俜虬阉o自己的愛犬喝，作者才對(duì)史蒂夫產(chǎn)生好感，可得出剛開始約會(huì)時(shí)，因?yàn)椴皇煜な返俜虻钠沸校髡哌€是有所保留的。故選A項(xiàng)。【43題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí)，我得知他有一條名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的貓。A.feared恐懼；B.doubted懷疑；C.hoped希望；D.learned得知。由上文的“WhenIfirstdatedSteve(當(dāng)我第一次和史蒂夫約會(huì)時(shí))”和常識(shí)可知，第一次約會(huì)會(huì)得知對(duì)方相關(guān)情況，作者從而得