2022屆高三英語全國(guó)統(tǒng)考一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)：課時(shí)作業(yè) 必修3　Unit 3　Back to the past

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九必修3Unit3Backtothepast

鞏固題組——■（限時(shí)35分鐘）

I.閱讀理解

A

Itisgoodtogetintouchwithyourinnerchildfromtimetotime,

andobviouslysomepeoplearewillingtopaybigmoneyforthechanceto

dosoinaproperenvironment.ABrooklyn-basedadultpreschoolis

chargingcustomersbetween$333and$999forthechancetoactlikeakid

again.

AtPreschoolMastermindinNewYorkadultsgettoparticipatein

show-and-tell,arts-and-craftssuchasfingerpaint,gameslikemusical

chairsandeventakenaps.Themonth-longcoursealsohasclasspicture

daywheretheadultsareexpectedtohaveafieldtripandaparentday.

30-year-oldMichelleJoniLapidos,thebrainbehindtheadult

preschool,studiedchildhoodeducationandhasalwayswantedtobea

preschoolteacher.She/salwaysonthelookoutfornewwaystogetpeople

intouchwiththefreedomofchildhood.Afriendencouragedhertostart

themastermindcourseinstead.

AccordingtoCandice,herbloggerfriend,PreschoolMastermind

givesadultsachancetorelearnandmasterthethingsthattheyfailedto

understandaschildren."\realizedallthesignificancesofwhatwelearnin

preschool,"saidfounderMichelleJoni,“Peoplecomehereandgetin

touchwiththeirinnerchild.It'smagical.Wearebringingourselvesbackto

anotherplace,anothertimewithourselveswhenwearemorebelieving

inourselves,moreconfidentandreadytotakeontheworld.z,

“Oneperson'sherebecausetheywanttolearnnottobesoserious."

Michellesaid."Another'sheretolearntobemoreconfident."She

explainedthatmostoftheclasseswereplanned.However,Joniadded

thatwhiletheplannedactivitieswerefun,itwasoftenthe

spontaneous（自發(fā)的）momentsthatattractedstudents."It'sthethings

youdon'tplanfor,thesharingbetweenfriendsandlearningfromeach

other.w

【文章大意】文章主要講述了成年人參加相關(guān)活動(dòng)，以此體驗(yàn)重回童年

的事情。

1.WhatisthepurposeofPreschoolMastermind?

A.Togiveadultsachancetoreturntochildhood.

B.Tohelpparentsunderstandtheirchildrenbetter.

C.Toprovidepracticaltrainingcoursesforteachers.

D.Tointroducesomewaysofplayingwithchildren.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章主要講述了成年人參加相關(guān)活動(dòng)，以

此體驗(yàn)重回童年的事情，及由第四段的"PreschoolMastermindgives

adultsachancetorelearnandmasterthethingsthattheyfailedto

understandaschildren”可推測(cè)出選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.WhatismainlydiscussedaboutPreschoolMastermindinParagraph2?

A.Itscustomers.B.Itsactivities.

C.Itsenvironment.D.Itsschedule.

【解析】選Bo細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段提到“games""classpictureday”"a

fieldtripandaparentday”等詞，可以推測(cè)出這一段主要講述了

PreschoolMastermind的活動(dòng)。

3.AccordingtoCandice,peoplecometothisprogramto.

A.enjoyfreedomofthinking

B.realizetheirchildhooddreams

C.discovertheirinnerabilities

D.figureoutchildhoodpuzzles

【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的"PreschoolMastermindgives

adultsachancetorelearnandmasterthethingsthattheyfailedto

understandaschildren"可知，這是為了解決童年時(shí)期的困惑。故選D。

4.WhatdoweknowaboutMichelleJoni?

A.Sheusedtobeapreschoolteacher.

B.Shelikestomakeplansinadvance.

C.ShefoundedPreschoolMastermind.

D.Shegainedconfidencebysharing.

【解析】選C。推理判斷題。由第四段"saidfounderMichelleJoni"可推

出選項(xiàng)C正確。由第三段“MichelleJoniLapidos...hasalwayswantedto

beapreschoolteacherw_5T推斷選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)B、D并未提及。

【知識(shí)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析

Itisgoodtogetintouchwithyourinnerchildfromtimetotime,and

obviously[]somepeoplearewillingtopaybigmoneyforthechancetodo

soinaproperQenvironment.

分析:本句是and引導(dǎo)的并列句。前一個(gè)并列句是it為形式主語，真正

主語是動(dòng)詞不定式togetintouchwithyourinnerchildo第二個(gè)并列句中

含有動(dòng)詞不定式to[]doso作thechance的后置定語。

翻譯:不時(shí)地與你內(nèi)心的孩子接觸是很好的，很明顯，有些人愿意在一

個(gè)合適的環(huán)境中為這樣的機(jī)會(huì)付出大價(jià)錢。

B

Foritsoutsizereputation,SiliconValleyisanarrowthing.

America/sinnovation（創(chuàng)新）capitalmainlyconsistsofmanysmalltowns

andcitiesontheSanFranciscoPeninsula（半島）squeezedbetweenthe

coastalmountainrangetothewestandthebaytotheeast.Itis

traditionallymadeupofthetopofSantaClaraCountyaswellasthevery

bottomofSanMateoCounty.

Notlongago,thisplacewasknownastheValleyofHeart'sDelight,

famousforitsplentifulfruityards.Thecircumstancesthatturnedthe

countrysideintoatechnologicalcenterhavebeenstudiedcarefully,and

manyhaveattemptedtoreplicatethemagicinSiliconValley.Butforthe

pasttwodecades,photographerBethYarnelleEdwardshasbeen

documentingtheoneaspectoftenunnoticedbytheseobservers:Silicon

Valley/sfundamentallysuburban（交B區(qū)的）character.

Edwards7SuburbanDreamsprojectwasbornin1997.feltlonely

andtrapped,butIrealizedthatthepeoplearoundmereallylovedbeing

there,"sherecalled.Shebeganbyphotographingfriendsand

acquaintancesnearherhomeinSanCarlos.Theprojectgrewasshe

interviewedhersubjectstounderstandhowtheirenvironmentshaped

theirhopesanddreams."\t'sreallyimportanttomethatthepicturesare

truetowhatishappeninginthehome,"shesays.In2016,Edwards

beganrevisitinghersubjectstoseetheeffectsofthegrowthandthe

wealth.Butshewassurprisedbyhowlittlehadchangedinthelivesof

thosestillthere.

ManySiliconValleynativesdonotrecognizemuchofwhattheysee

therenowadays.It'struethatmodestbungalows（平房）havebeen

replacedbyverylargehouses.Almosteverythingismorecrowdedand

moreexpensive.Butalotwillneverchange.Themainroads—Highway

101,ElCaminoReal—arethesame.Soarethefreestandingoaktrees

andgentlehillssurroundedbygoldengrass.Andattheheartofthemall,

asEdwards/photosillustrate,thesuburbandreamisstillalive.

【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。硅谷是由美國(guó)舊金山附近的郊

區(qū)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展而成的，雖然經(jīng)濟(jì)富裕，高樓大廈取代了平房，但是從愛德

華茲所拍攝的硅谷人民生活變化的照片可以看出，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展對(duì)許多

人的生活并沒有產(chǎn)生很大的影響。人們?nèi)耘f保留著“郊區(qū)之夢(mèng)〃。

5.WhereisSiliconValley?

A.InthecenterofSanFrancisco.

B.OntheSanFranciscoPeninsula.

C.OntopofSantaClaraCounty.

D.AtthebottomofSanMateoCounty.

【解析】選Bo細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"America'sinnovation

capitalmainlyconsistsofmanysmalltownsandcitiesontheSanFrancisco

Peninsulasqueezedbetweenthecoastalmountainrangetothewestand

thebaytotheeast.”可知，硅谷位于美國(guó)舊金山半島處，夾在位于西方

的沿海山脈和位于東方的海灣之間，故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.WhichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedworcTreplicate”in

Paragraph2?

A.Copy.B.Replace.

C.Study.D.Report.

【解析】選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"Thecircumstancesthat

turnedthecountrysideintoatechnologicalcenterhavebeenstudied

carefully,andmanyhaveattemptedtoreplicatethemagicinSilicon

Valley.〃可知，將農(nóng)村變成科技中心的環(huán)境已經(jīng)被仔細(xì)研究過;由該句中

的"havebeenstudiedcarefully”并結(jié)合語境可知，畫線詞意為"復(fù)制"，即

復(fù)制硅谷的魔力，故A項(xiàng)正確。

7.Whatdidtheprojectfocusonlater?

A.People'shopesanddreams.

B.Thewishoftheacquaintances.

C.Thetruelifeofthelocalpeople.

D.SiliconValley'sinfluencesonthelocals.

【解析】選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句"In2016,Edwards

beganrevisitinghersubjectstoseetheeffectsofthegrowthandthe

wealth.Butshewassurprisedbyhowlittlehadchangedinthelivesof

thosestillthere.”可知,在2016年，愛德華茲開始再次拜訪她的研究對(duì)

象，看看經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和財(cái)富帶來的影響;但令她驚訝的是，那些仍在那里

的人的生活變化甚微。據(jù)此可知，該項(xiàng)目后來關(guān)注的是硅谷對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝松?/p>

活的影響，故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.CrazyChanges,CrazyFollowers

B.WildDream,SuccessfulProject

C.LivelyCity,MajorInnovation

D.UnchangingLife,UnchangingDream

【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段第四句"Butalotwillnever

change.”和最后一句"Andattheheartofthemall,asEdwards/photos

illustrate,thesuburbandreamisstillalive.",并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本

文主要講述了“雖然硅谷在經(jīng)濟(jì)上取得了巨大的成功，但是人們的生活

并沒有由此發(fā)生太大的變化，人們的郊區(qū)之夢(mèng)也沒有改變”這一主題,

故D項(xiàng)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。

【知識(shí)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析

It'sreallyimportanttomethatthepicturesaretruetowhatishappening

inthehome.

分析:本句是it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句為主語從句，主語從句中

含有to的賓語從句，連詞what在從句中充當(dāng)主語。

翻譯:這對(duì)我來說真的很重要，這些照片是真實(shí)的發(fā)生在家里的。

II.閱讀填句

（2021,淄博模擬）

Beforeyouthrowthatoldcellphoneinthetrash,orhideitawayina

drawer,thinkagain.Thereareactuallymanywaystodispose（處理）ofa

mobilephonethatyouarenolongerusing.First,youshouldbeawarethat

inmanyplaces,throwingawaycellphonesisactuallyillegalbecausethe

batteries—especiallyinveryoldphones—cancontainpoisonousmetals.

]

Youcertainlydon'tneedtopaytorecycleanoldcellphone.2

Thishadledtomanycharitiesmakingasmallamountofmoneyby

collectingoldphones.Therearelargeorganizationsthatwilltake

unwantedphones.However,youmightalsowanttothinklocally.

3Andtheydomakealittlebitoneachdonation.Ifyoucan't

findalargecellphonerecyclingprograminyourarea,youmightconsider

startingasmalllocalone,perhapsforalocalpublicschool.4As

peoplemovetobiggerandbetterphones,orsmallerandbetterphones,

thereareplentyofoldcellphonesjustwaitingforaplacetoland,and

smartschoolshaveprovidedthatplace.

Youmightalsowanttohangontoanyaccessories（酉己件）thatyouhave.

5Continuingtouseaccessoriesingoodshapemakessmarteconomic

sense.

A.Infact,mostcompaniesthatrecyclethemgetpaidtodoso.

B.Therearebetterplacestogetridofthemthanyourtrashcan.

C.Manyschoolsandlocalcharitiesnowhaverecyclingprograms.

D.Localcharitieshavecontributedalotinrepairingunwantedphones.

E.Thingslikechargersorcoverscanoftenbeusedwithyournewphone.

F.Thesayingthatoneman'strashisanotherman'streasurecertainly

applies.

G.Checkfirst,sincesomanyschoolshavegottenthejumponrecycling

themalready.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。講述了對(duì)廢舊手機(jī)的循環(huán)利用，例如廢

舊手機(jī)應(yīng)該安置在哪里、舊手機(jī)的配件可以繼續(xù)使用。

1.【解析】選B。前文提到把廢舊手機(jī)丟進(jìn)垃圾堆或抽屜都是不對(duì)的，下

面幾段都在說應(yīng)該把廢舊手機(jī)放到哪里，B項(xiàng)“比起你的垃圾箱有更好

的地方處理它們"切題，故選B。

2.【解析】選Ao根據(jù)前一句提到的pay和后一句提到的許多慈善機(jī)

構(gòu)通過收集舊手機(jī)賺一些錢可知,A項(xiàng)"事實(shí)上，一些循環(huán)利用它們的公

司會(huì)因此得到報(bào)酬〃切題，故選A。

3.【解析】選C。and表示并列關(guān)系，所以"Andtheydomakealittlebit

oneachdonation”中的主語they在and前面的句子有提及。根據(jù)“對(duì)每

次捐獻(xiàn)都有一些作用"可知，they指的是后文中的recyclingprogram,所

以C項(xiàng)中有recyclingprogram,切題，故選C。

4.【解析】選G。前文提到了你可能考慮創(chuàng)建一個(gè)小的當(dāng)?shù)氐臋C(jī)構(gòu)，可

能是一所當(dāng)?shù)氐墓矊W(xué)校，可知空格處是要談?wù)摦?dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的，且后文

中提到，隨著人們更愿意使用更大更好或是更小更好的手機(jī)，有大量

舊手機(jī)等著有地方安置，而聰明的學(xué)校已經(jīng)提供了這個(gè)地方，表明一

些學(xué)校已經(jīng)在循環(huán)利用手機(jī)方面獲得優(yōu)勢(shì)和先機(jī)，G項(xiàng)“先檢查一下,

因?yàn)橐恍W(xué)校在循環(huán)利用手機(jī)方面已經(jīng)占有優(yōu)勢(shì)"切題，故選G。

5.【解析】選E。前文提至『'hangontoanyaccessoriesthatyouhave”堅(jiān)

持想用你的一些配件，后文提到繼續(xù)用完好的配件更有經(jīng)濟(jì)意義，所

以著重點(diǎn)講原有手機(jī)配件的使用，E項(xiàng)“像電池、手機(jī)殼之類的東西往往

會(huì)用在你的新手機(jī)上"切題，故選E。

III.語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確

形式。

(2021?濟(jì)南模擬)

They'reneithermedicalworkersinclosecontactwiththenovel

coronavirusnorgovernmentofficialswhoreceivethe1.(late)

updatesofthesituation—yetthey'rekeepingus2.(inform)of

thedevelopmentoftheepidemic.Theyarethemedia,andtheireyesare

far-seeing.

ZhuXingxinisonesuchmember:a3.(photograph)with

ChinaDaily.Havingputtingonprotectivegear(裝備)likethedoctors,he

visitedTongjiHospitalinWuhanonFeb.3toreportonthelivesof

medicalworkers.

Theeyesofthemediaarenotjustheretosee,but4.

(examine).OnFeb.9,forexample,abusinWuhancarryingseverely

illpatients5.(catch)intrafficwithnooneguidingthemandno

hospitalsclaimingthem.TheincidentwaswitnessedbyGlobalTimes

journalistsandwassoonreportedonline.Itendedwithallthepatients6.

(settle)properlyinhospitalsandofficialsinchargebeingheld

responsible.Butit'spossible7.withoutjournaliststhisincident

wouldneverhavebeenexposed.

“Idohopethatbywritingabout8.(they)stories,I'm

helpingthingschangefor9.better."saidLiXueqing,aChina

Da//yjournalist.Indeed,themediaislikeapairofeyeswatchingout10.

usastheyreportontheworld'smostimportantnews.

【文章大意】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了媒體工作者在抗擊

"新型冠狀病毒”引發(fā)的肺炎疫情中的作用。

1.【解析】latest。考查形容詞最高級(jí)。分析可知,the(late)updates

ofthesituation應(yīng)是“the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞”短語結(jié)構(gòu)。故填latest□

2.【解析】informedo考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。keepsb.+doing/done,非謂

語結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補(bǔ)足語。本題中的動(dòng)詞inform與賓語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)

用過去分詞形式。故填informed。

3.【解析】photographer?？疾槊~。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，a

(photograph)應(yīng)是“冠詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，此處指"一名攝影

師故填

photographero

4.【解析】toexamine?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。分析可知，本句應(yīng)是"notjust...

but...〃結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不僅僅是......而是……”,應(yīng)是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，因此所填空

應(yīng)與之前的"tosee”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。故填toexaminee

5.【解析】wascaught。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)

是句子謂語，且與主語"abus"之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間“OnFeb9”可

知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):wasdoneo故填wascaughto

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)并列連詞可知，

6.beingsettledoand“all

thepatients(settle)“應(yīng)與"officialsinchargebeingheld

responsible”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所填動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是beingdone結(jié)構(gòu)。故填being

settledo

7.【解析】that?？疾橹髡Z從句。分析可知，"withoutjournalists

thisincidentwouldneverhavebeenexposed”應(yīng)是主語從句，it為形式主

語。結(jié)合句意可知，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)是陳述事實(shí)，應(yīng)用只起連接作用、

無實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。

8.【解析】their。考查形容詞性物主代詞。分析可知，空后為名詞stories,

所填空應(yīng)是形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填their。

9.【解析】the?？疾楣谠~。結(jié)合句子"I'mhelpingthingschangefor

better〃含義可知，記者希望通過報(bào)道使事情向更好的方向發(fā)展,

通常有表示原因、理由或條件的短語或從句存在時(shí)，在比較級(jí)前可用

the表示程度，"bywritingabout（they）stories”為表述其條件的短

語，符合分析。故填the。

10.【解析】for?？疾榻樵~。分析可知，空后為人稱代詞賓格形式，所

填空應(yīng)是介詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞for“為了〃。故填for。

提升題組----（限時(shí)35分鐘）

I.閱讀理解

Theheadmasterofhisschoolaskedstudentstoputonebookatthe

bedside:anatlas（地圖冊(cè)）.LookingatthemapofChinaintheatlasone

night,WilliamLindesaycameacrossthewindinglinethatcrosses

throughthemountainouslandofNorthChina.

"\fellinlovewithitimmediately,"hesaidinaninterview."\thought

itwouldbeagreatjourneyifonedayIcouldtravelalongit,fromendto

end."Mostpeopleforgettheirchildhooddreams.Z/ButIamoneofthose

rareexceptions,"hesaid.

In1987,WilliamLindesaybeganthechallengeofclimbingtheGreat

Wallonfootandhasspentoverthreedecadesonit.Runningthelengthof

thewallwasabravecareer.LindesayonceexploreddeepintotheGobi

Desert,andlocatedapreviouslyunknownsectionofthewall.Duetohis

contribution,Lindesayisthewinnerofthe1998FriendshipAwardand

2008BeijingGreatWallFriendshipAward.HealsoreceivedtheOrderof

theBritishEmpireforhiscontributiontoculturalexchangesbetween

ChinaandBritain.

Duringhisexploration,Lindesaywasabsorbedintheamazingsight.

Also,hefoundsomethingworrying—theGreatWallhadbeen

increasinglydamagedduetonaturalweatheringandman-made

destruction.HedecidedtostayinChina,takingthestudyandprotection

oftheGreatWallashislifelongaim.

“Somepeoplesayit'lltakegenerationstochange:Isaywedon/thave

generationsoftime.It'sgottobemuchquicker,"hesaid.Lindesayalways

carriesagarbagebagwithhiminthewilderness.Theclothbagbears

simpleguidelinesinChinese,whichcallsonpeopletoprotectthe

environmentwhiletravelingorcampingoutdoors."Everypersoncanmake

adifference.IfwecangetabillionChinesepeopletobeenvironmentalists,

Chinawillbeagreener,morebeautifulandhealthycountrytolivein."

hesaid.

【文章大意】來自英國(guó)的WilliamLindesay幼時(shí)萌發(fā)對(duì)中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城的熱愛。

1987年，他開始自己的長(zhǎng)城探索之旅。在長(zhǎng)城上行走時(shí)一，Lindesay發(fā)現(xiàn)

長(zhǎng)城遭受到日益嚴(yán)重的自然風(fēng)化及人為破壞，便決心留在中國(guó)，為保

護(hù)長(zhǎng)城作貢獻(xiàn)。

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?

A.Hisatlas.B.TheGreatWall.

C.NorthChina.D.Themountainousland.

［解析】選Bo詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的"LookingatthemapofChina

intheatlasonenight,WilliamLindesaycameacrossthewindingline

thatcrossesthroughthemountainouslandofNorthChina"可知，it指代

thewindingline,再結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可判斷,thewindingline指代長(zhǎng)城。

2.WhatmadeLindesaydevotehimselftotheGreatWall?

A.Hischildhooddream.

B.Hisloveforitssplendidscenery.

C.Concernaboutitspresentsituation.

D.CulturalexchangesbetweenChinaandBritain.

【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"hefoundsomething

worrying—theGreatWallhadbeen...takingthestudyandprotectionof

theGreatWallashislifelongaim.”可知，在探索長(zhǎng)城的過程中，Lindesay

發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)令人憂慮的現(xiàn)象一一長(zhǎng)城遭受到日益嚴(yán)重的自然風(fēng)化及人

為破壞，于是他決定留在中國(guó)，以研究和保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城為自己畢生的目標(biāo),

即出于對(duì)長(zhǎng)城現(xiàn)狀的擔(dān)心，他決心留在中國(guó)保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城。

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLindesay?

A.Determinedandadventurous.

B.Considerateandinfluential.

C.Conservativeandresponsible.

D.Courageousandsociable.

【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)家，具

有冒險(xiǎn)精神;再根據(jù)他長(zhǎng)期以來一直致力于保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城可知，他做事堅(jiān)定,

故選Ao

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.TheGreatWallintheeyesofaforeigner.

B.EnvironmentalprotectionoftheGreatWall.

C.TheGreatWallawardforanEnglishman.

D.ABriton'slastingbondwiththeGreatWall.

【解析】選Do主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，文章主要講述了英國(guó)人

WilliamLindesay從小與長(zhǎng)城結(jié)下不解之緣，長(zhǎng)大后以研究和保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城

為目標(biāo)的故事。故D項(xiàng)最能概括文章大意。

【知識(shí)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析

LookingatthemapofChinaintheatlasonenight,WilliamLindesay

cameacross[]thewindinglinethatcrossesthroughthemountainousland

ofNorthChina.（第一段第二句）

分析:本句是主從復(fù)合句。Lookingat...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語,

主句中thatcrossesthroughthemountainouslandofNorthChina是that

引導(dǎo)的thewinding|]line的定語從句。關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語。

翻譯:一天晚上，威廉?林賽（WilliamLindesay）看著地圖冊(cè)上的中國(guó)地圖,

無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)一條蜿蜒曲折的線穿過了華北山區(qū)。

II.完形填空

Hundredsofyearsago,asmallbusinessownerowedalargesumof

moneytoaloan-shark（放高利貸者）.Theloan-sharkwasaveryold,ugly

guythatjustso1tofancythebusinessowner'sdaughter.Hedecided

toofferthebusinessmana2thatwouldcompletelywipeoutthe

3heowedhim.However,thecatchwasthattheywouldonly4

outthedebtifhecouldmarrythebusinessman'sdaughter.

Theloan-sharksaidthathewould5twopebbles（鵝卵石）intoa

bag,onewhite6oneblack.Thedaughterwouldthenhaveto7

intothebagandpick8apebble.Ifitwasblack,thedebtwouldbe

wiped,buttheloan-sharkwouldthen9her.Ifitwaswhite,thedebt

wouldalsobewiped,butthe10wouldn'thavetomarrythe

loan-shark.

11onapebble-strewnpathinthebusinessman'sgarden,the

loan-sharkbentoverand12uptwopebbles.Whilehewaspicking

themup,thedaughter13thathe'dpickeduptwoblackpebblesand

placedthem14intothebag.Hethenaskedthedaughtertoreachinto

thebagandpickone.

Shedrewoutapebblefromthebag,and15lookingatit

'accidentally'droppeditintothemidstoftheother16.Shesaidto

theloan-shark;"Oh,howclumsyofme.Nevermind,ifyoulookinto

the17fortheonethatisleft,youwillbeableto18whichpebbleI

picked."

Thepebble19inthebagisobviouslyblack,andseeingasthe

loan-sharkdidn/twanttobeexposed,hehadtoplayalong（裝作）asifthe

pebblethedaughter20waswhite,andclearherfather'sdebt.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個(gè)商人的女兒怎樣智斗放高

利貸者的故事。

1.A.keptB.mixed

C.happenedD.brought

【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境，可知此空選happened,

即這個(gè)又老又丑的放高利貸者恰巧喜歡商人的女兒，happento...意為

“碰巧，恰好……〃。故選Co

2.A.dealB.bargainC.caseD.report

【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知放高利貸者想和商

人做交易。deal此處意為"交易"。故選A。

3.A.awardB.ageC.debtD.name

【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。根據(jù)第一句中的"owedalargesumof

money”以及后文中的"debt"可知，此處是可以消除商人的債務(wù)。故選C。

4.A.turnB.wipeC.selectD.pick

【解析】選Bo考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，如果他能娶那個(gè)

商人的女兒就可以消除商人的債務(wù),wipeout意為"消除"，故選Bo

5.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.place

【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，放高利貸者將往袋子里

放兩塊鵝卵石，place意為"放置〃。故選D。

6.A.andB.orC.thusD.but

【解析】選A?？疾檫B詞辨析。此處為并列關(guān)系。故選A。

7.A.immigrateB.reach

C.changeD.get

【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，商人的女兒

要把手伸進(jìn)袋子里，拿出一塊鵝卵石。reachinto意為"把手伸進(jìn)”，故選

Bo

8.A.upB.offC.onD.out

【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，商人的女兒

要把手伸進(jìn)袋子里，拿出一塊鵝卵石。pickout意為“拿出〃。故選D。

9.A.marryB.hitC.punishD.tease

【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知此處是說如果拿出的是黑

色鵝卵石，債務(wù)能消除，但放高利貸者就會(huì)娶商人的女兒。marry意為

"嫁或娶"，故選A。

10.A.businessmanB.adult

C.daughterD.teenager

【解析】選C。考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，如果拿出的是白色鵝卵

石，債務(wù)也能消除，不過商人的女兒不用嫁給放高利貸者。故選C。

11.A.StandingB.Holding

C.CountingD.Focusing

【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，放高利貸者站在鋪著鵝

卵石的小路上。故選A。

12.A.threwB.put

C.pickedD.set

【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)下一句提到的"hewaspicking

themup”可知，放高利貸者撿起兩塊鵝卵石。故選C。

13.A.thoughtB.climbed

C.heardD.noticed

【解析】選Do考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，商人的女兒注意到放

高利貸者撿起兩塊黑色的鵝卵石。故選D。

14.A.allB.bothC.eitherD.none

【解析】選B?？疾榇~辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，放高利貸者把兩

塊黑色的鵝卵石都放進(jìn)了袋子。故選B。

15.A.beforeB.after

C.besidesD.from

【解析】選A?？疾榻樵~辨析。在看它之前，商人的女兒"不小心"把它

掉進(jìn)了其他鵝卵石中間。故選A。

16.A.matchesB.gardens

C.pebblesD.flowers

【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。商人的女兒"不小心"把它掉進(jìn)了其他鵝

卵石中間。故選C。

17.A.suitcaseB.desert

C.roadD.bag

【解析】選Do考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，商人的女兒對(duì)放高利

貸者說:"如果你看看袋子里剩下的那塊，就能知道我揀的是哪塊石頭

了。”故選Do

18.A.tellB.thinkC.foundD.achieve

【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，如果你看看袋子

里剩下的那塊，你就能知道我選的是哪塊。此處tell意為:"辨別”。故選

Ao

19.A.bentB.seenC.leftD.torn

【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處指留在袋子

里的那塊鵝卵石。left意為"剩下的"。故選C。

20.A.enjoyedB.deserved

C.savedD.dropped

【解析】選Do考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文“droppeditintothe..."可知，放

高利貸者不得不假裝商人的女兒掉下的那塊石頭是白色的，清除了她

父親的債務(wù)。故選D。

III.短文改錯(cuò)

（2021?昆明模擬）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌

寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)

誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線、劃掉。

修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意:L每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Tensofmillionofpeoplecarrytheirsmartphoneswiththem

everywheretheygo,includedthebathroom.Ourphonesarealwayswithin

theirgrasp,whichmeanstheyarealsoconstantlybeingexposedto

howeverbacteriawemayhaveaccumulatedonourhands.Unfortunately,

anewsurveyof1,200Americansandtheircleaninghabitsfindthat25

percentofthemhavenevercleanedtheirphones.Researchersestimate

thataregularlyusesmartphonethathasneverbeencleanedmayholdup

morebacteriathananentirehouseholdbathroom.Accordingtosurvey

conductedbythecompanyVitalVio,thatiscommonforsmartphoneusers

tocomeintocontactwithvariousformsofbacteria.Suddenly,eatinga

sandwichinyourbathroomdoesn'tso