Unit+2+Sports+and+fitness+Lesson+1+The+underdog+(Ⅱ) 高中英語北師大版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit2Lesson1TheUnderdogGrammar新課導(dǎo)入

ReviewWhatdoyourememberaboutthestoryTheUnderdog?WhatkindofplayerwasPaul?Paulwasaplayerwhoworkedreallyhard,andhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.

ReviewWhatdoyourememberaboutthestoryTheUnderdog?WhowasPaul’sfavouriteplayer?HisfavouriteplayerwasTyroneBogues,aguywhowasonly1.6metrestall.課堂學(xué)習(xí)RelativeClauses9Readthesentence.Circletherelativepronounsandunderlinetherelativeclauses.1.Whenweweren’tplayingonthecourtwhichwasnexttoourbuilding,wewerewatchingagameonTV.2.Paul’sfavouriteplayerwasaguywhoplayedfortheCharlotteHornets.3.Paulwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardfortheteam.4.Hedidn’tknowhe’dsoongetthechancethathe’dbeenwaitingfor.5.TheywereplayingagainstTheBears,ateamwhoserecordwasperfect.Grammar定語從句一、定義

在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞、代詞或整個(gè)句子的從句叫作定語從句。定語從句可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。二、分類1.限制性定語從句它是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句與主句的關(guān)系十分密切,書寫時(shí)不可用逗號(hào)分開。如果關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語,關(guān)系代詞通常可以省略。Eg:Doyouknowthegirlwho

just

came

in?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)剛剛進(jìn)來的女孩嗎?2.非限制性定語從句它只是對(duì)先行詞作附加補(bǔ)充說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚完整。這種從句與主句的關(guān)系不是很密切,書寫時(shí)往往用逗號(hào)分開。非限制性定語從句一般不用that引導(dǎo)。Eg:Theoldwoman,who

lives

on

her

own,hasacatforcompany.這個(gè)老婦人一個(gè)人住,養(yǎng)了一只貓陪伴她。Myhouse,which

I

bought

last

year,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年買的那棟房子有一個(gè)漂亮的花園。三、引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語或狀語。關(guān)系詞的選擇可從兩個(gè)方面入手：一是關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分；二是先行詞所指。關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞。先行詞指人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用who,whom,that,whose；先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用which,that,whose。關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞窒刃性~關(guān)系代詞who主語、賓語、表語人whom賓語人which主語、賓語、表語物that主語、賓語、表語人或物whose定語人或物as主語、賓語人或物關(guān)系副詞when狀語時(shí)間where狀語地點(diǎn)why狀語原因四、定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的用法1.who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句(1)who或whom均可指代人,但who在從句中作主語或賓語,whom在從句中作賓語;兩者在引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)常可用that替換。作主語時(shí),who/that不可省略;作賓語時(shí),whom/who/that可以省略。Eg:I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwho/whom/thatImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.我與好幾位去年在英語演講比賽中結(jié)識(shí)的同校同學(xué)成了好朋友。Eg:IhavemanyfriendstowhomI’mgoingtosendpostcards.我有很多朋友,我打算給他們寄明信片。(2)whose表所屬關(guān)系,一般指人,也可指物,在從句中作定語。指物時(shí)相當(dāng)于ofwhich;指人時(shí)相當(dāng)于ofwhom。Eg:Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我的大兒子現(xiàn)在在紐約,他的工作使他走遍了世界各地。2.that,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句(1)which指物,在從句中可以作主語、賓語、表語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。that指人或物均可,在從句中可以作主語、賓語、表語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。Eg:Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseumthat/whichhadbeenconstructedthreeyearsbefore.她帶著這些游客參觀了那座三年前建造的博物館。(2)限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情況：①

先行詞為不定代詞anything,nothing,something,everything,all,some,none,little,few,theone等時(shí)。Eg:Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething

thatwassomeoneelse’sfault.我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。②

先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞,或先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。Eg:ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.他們?cè)诠鹆謪⒂^的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。③

先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,all等修飾時(shí)。Eg:The

onlypartofthemealthatIreallylikedwasthedessert.這頓飯只有甜點(diǎn)是我真正愛吃的。④

先行詞中既有表示人又有表示物的名詞時(shí)。Eg:Theywillneverforgetthe

things

and

persons

thatthey’veseenorheardofduringtheirlongjourney.他們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在他們的長途旅行中見到或聽說過的人和事。10LookattherelativepronounsinActivity9.Whatdoeseachreferto(people,thingsorpossessions)?Thenusetheproperrelativepronounsandcompletethesentencesbelow.1.Paulwasabasketballplayer___________________________________________.2.Hisfavouriteplayerwasaguy______________________________.3.Heplayedintheteam________________________.4.Hehelpedhisteamwinthegame_______________________.whowasusuallyonthebenchbeingareplacementwhowasalsoonly1.6metrestallwhichwascalledTheLionswhichmadehimahero11Whencanweleaveoutthat,whichorwhoinrelativeclauses?Choosethecorrectoption.whenitcomesbeforeaverbandfunctionsasasubjectwhenitcomesbeforeanoneorpronounandfunctionsasanobject12Completethesentenceswithrelativepronouns.Circletherelativepronounsthatcanbeleftout.1.Haveyoufoundthekeys___________youlost?2.Westayedatahotel_____________Tomrecommendedtous.3.Thepeople___________workintheofficeareveryfriendly.4.What's