初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法連詞講解

/第一課時(shí)連詞的分類(lèi)和其用法一、并列連詞：（一）連詞的概念：連詞是一種虛詞，不能擔(dān)任一個(gè)句子成分。連詞在句中主要起連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。（二）并列連詞的分類(lèi)：表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞But,yet,however表示因果關(guān)系的連詞For,so,therefore其他并列連詞And,or,either…or,neither…nornotonly…butalso,both…and,aswellas例句：Slowbutsure.

要慢而穩(wěn)。

She’llbebackeitherthisweekornextweek.

她將在這周或下周回來(lái)。

Iwentandshewentalso.

我去了，她也去了。（三）并列連詞的用法：1、并列連詞and和or：①and和or是用得最多的并列連詞，可以連接：a.兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞：

Weweresinginganddancingallevening.

整個(gè)晚上我們都在唱歌跳舞。b.名詞、形容詞等：Thisappleisbigandred.

Wouldyoulikefishorbeef

c.兩個(gè)并列的分句（句子）：

IsaiditandImeantit.

我說(shuō)話(huà)算數(shù)。②and可連接兩個(gè)分句，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。

Givehimaninchandhewilltakeamile.

他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。③or可連接分句，表示“否則”：

Don’tdrivesofastoryou’llhaveanaccident.

別開(kāi)這么快，不然你會(huì)出車(chē)禍。2、表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞：but,yet:①but和yet的用法：

Theweatherwillbesunnybutcold.

天氣會(huì)晴朗但很冷。

Itisstrange,yettrue.這很奇怪，卻是真的。②however,still等為副詞，但可起連接作用，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折“但是”或“然而”。

a.however:

Hisfirstresponsewastosayno.Later,however,hechangedhismind.他的第一反應(yīng)是不行，但后來(lái)他改變了主意。

b.still:

It’sraining;stillI’dliketogo.

天在下雨，但我還是要去。③詞組allthesame:

Sheisnaughty,allthesamewehavetolaughatherjokes.

她很調(diào)皮，但對(duì)她的惡作劇我們還是要發(fā)笑。3、表示因果的連詞：

①for可以表示“因?yàn)椤保龑?dǎo)的不是從句，而是并列分句，對(duì)前面情況加以解釋?zhuān)Ｓ枚禾?hào)把它和前面的分句分開(kāi)，這在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中比較多見(jiàn)。

Thedayswereshort,foritwasnowDecember.

白天很短，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月。

Shemusthavegoneoutearly,forshehadnotcomeforbreakfast.她一定一早出去了，因?yàn)樗龥](méi)來(lái)吃早飯。 ②so表示結(jié)果，可譯為“因此”、“所以”。

Ourcaseswereheavy,sowetookataxi.我們的箱子很重，因此我們坐了出租車(chē)③therefore為副詞，也表示同樣的意思“因此”，可放句前：

Hehadgone;shethereforegavethemoneytome.他走了，于是她把錢(qián)給了我。4、both...and的用法Amanshouldhavebothcourageandperseverance.一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力?！倦y點(diǎn)】5、就近原則：1）neither…nor…NeitherLucynorLilyisaLeaguemember.2）notonly…butalso…Notonlyyoubutalsohelikesfootball.3）either…or…EitherJimorPeterisright.4）not…but…NotJimbutPeterbrokethecup.6、aswellas的用法:Ihavereadoneofhisnovelsaswellasafewofhisplays.我讀過(guò)他的一本小說(shuō)和幾個(gè)劇本?！净A(chǔ)練習(xí)】（一）根據(jù)句意選用and,but,or,so,while,for填空。1.Thegroundiswet,_________itrainedlastnight.2.It'safinedaytoday,_________everyoneisbusy.3.Thisisourfirstlesson,_________Idon'tknowallyournames.4.Takeanumbrellawithyou,_________you'llgetwet.5.DoyouunderstandwhatIsaid_________doyouwantmetoexplainitagain6.Wehaveclassesinthemorning,_________wedon'thaveclassesintheafternoon.7.Sheisadoctor_________Iamateacher.8.Useyourhead,_________you'llfindaway.9.Theywenttothezooyesterday,_________theydidn'tseeanyanimals.10.Imustgonow,_________it'sgettingdark.11.Becareful,_________youwillfalloffthetree.12.—Excuseme.Doyouhaveatablefortwo—I'msorry,_________therearen'tanyseatsnow.Wouldyoumindwaitingforawhile13.Nevergiveup,_________you'llmakeit.14.Shewasverythirsty,_________shedranksomewaterfromtheriver.15.Youmustworkhard,_________you'llfallbehind。選擇最佳答案：

()1MyauntaskswhetherIlikeawoolensweater______acottonone.

A.butB.orC.andD.not

()2EitherMary______Lucytoldhimtocometoseeus.

A.orB.andC.withD.nor

()3Hurryup,______we'llbelateforthefilm.

A.andB.butC.soD.or

()4Bequick,______we'llbelate.

A.andB.orC.butD.so

()5Werantothetrees,_____wecouldn'tseeanymoremonkeys.

A.butB.soC.andD.for

()6_____LiPing______WuFang______Leaguemembers.A.Neither;nor;areB.Either;nor;isC.Both;and;areD.Neither;or;is

()7Youcan______stayathome______goouttoplay.A.either;orB.so;thatC.neither;andD.both;and

()8_____WeiHua______Ann______verybusy.

A.Both;and;isB.So;and;isC.Either;or;isD.So;that;are

()9______Monday______TuesdayisOK,Iwillbefreethen.

A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.So;thatD.Both;and

()10______mybrother_______sisteraredoctors.

A.Not;butB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or

二、從屬連詞：1．分類(lèi)：從句種類(lèi)主要從屬連詞時(shí)間從句when,while,as,before,after,until,till,whenever條件從句if,unless目的從句inorderthat,sothat結(jié)果從句so…that,such…that,sothat,so原因從句because,as,since讓步從句although,though,eventhough(if),while方式從句asif,asthough地點(diǎn)從句where,wherever比較從句than,as[說(shuō)明]that,whether,if等從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)名詞從句，在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。2．引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞(重點(diǎn))：when:Don’tgetexcitedwhenyoutalk.

講話(huà)時(shí)別激動(dòng)。

while:Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.

我們要趁熱打鐵。

as:Hesmiledashepassed.

他經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)笑了笑。

before:Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.

要五年后咱們才能再相見(jiàn)。

after:I’lltellthemafteryouleave.

我將在你走后告訴他們。until,till:Iproposewaitingtillthepolicegethere.

我建議等警察來(lái)了再說(shuō)。

since:HowlongisitsinceyoucametoLondon

你到倫敦有多久了？

whenever:Wheneveritispossible,theyplayoutside.

一有機(jī)會(huì)他們就到外面玩耍。3．引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞(重點(diǎn))：

1）條件狀語(yǔ)從句主要由if,unless,supposing(suppose)引導(dǎo)：

if:Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome.

unless:Iwon’twriteunlesshewritesfirst.

我不寫(xiě)信，除非他先給我寫(xiě)。2）條件狀語(yǔ)從句還有其他形式：(難點(diǎn))

YouwillalwayshaveahomeaslongasIhaveanything.只要我有家產(chǎn)，你就永遠(yuǎn)會(huì)有一個(gè)家。4．引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：（重點(diǎn)）

inorderthat:Ilenthim500yuaninorderthathecangoforaholiday.我借給他50英鎊，使他能去度假。

sothat:AskhertohurryupwiththeletterssothatIcansignthem.

讓她快點(diǎn)把信打好，以便我能簽字。5．引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：

1）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句主要由so…that和such…that引導(dǎo)：

so…that:Hewassofatthathecouldn’tgetthoughthedoor.

他胖得連門(mén)都過(guò)不去了。

such…that:Jimmadesuchanoisethathissistertoldhimtobequiet.吉姆吵成那樣，他姐姐讓他安靜點(diǎn)。

Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.6．引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：because:Becauseitrainedhetookataxi.

由于下雨他叫了一輛出租車(chē)。

as:Asyou’resorry,I’llforgiveyou.

既然你悔悟了，我就原諒你。Since:Sinceyouwillgothere,Iwillgotoo.7．讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：

although/though:Though/Althoughitisnotlarge,theroomwaslight.

房間雖然不大，采光卻很好。evenif:They’llstandbyyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.即使你不成功，他們也會(huì)支持你。8．引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞

as:YououghttodoasItellyou.你應(yīng)當(dāng)照我說(shuō)的做。

like:Shecan’tdrawlikehersistercan.她不能像她姐姐那樣畫(huà)畫(huà)。

asif/asthough:Helookedaboutasiflookingforsomething.他四處看了看，仿佛在找什么似的。9．引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：（難點(diǎn)）where:I’lldriveyouwhereyou’regoing.

你到哪兒我都可以開(kāi)車(chē)送你去。wherever:We’llgowhereveryousay.

你說(shuō)哪里我們就到哪里。everywhere:Everywherehewent,hewasintroducedasthecurrentUSchampion.不管他到哪里，人們都介紹他是當(dāng)前的美國(guó)冠軍。nomatterwhere:Keepyourmobilephonewithyounomatterwhereyouare.不管在哪里你都要帶著手機(jī)。10．引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：

than:YousingbetterthanIdo.

你的歌唱的比我好。

as:That’snotsosimpleasitsounds.

那事并不像聽(tīng)起來(lái)則簡(jiǎn)單。11．引導(dǎo)其他從句的連詞：

1）引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)的連詞有that和whether,if可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：

that:Shealwayscomplainsthatheisdownonher.

她老是抱怨他看不起她。

whether:Idon’tknowwhetheryoulikeflowers.

我不知道你喜不喜歡花。2）that和whether還可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句：

that:Thefactisthathedoesn’treallytry.

事實(shí)是他沒(méi)有真正去努力。

whether:Thepointiswhetherweoughttorecommendhim.

問(wèn)題是我們是否應(yīng)當(dāng)推薦他?！净A(chǔ)練習(xí)】（一）選擇所給的連詞填空：when,because,but,before,if,so….that,as….as,not…until,and,after,or,sinceHurryup,please!_______you’llbelateforschool.She________gotobed______hermothercameback.YesterdayJimdidn’tgotoseethefilm,________hemustgooverhislessons.Thestudentsweretalkingaboutthesportsmeeting_______theteachercamein.Iwas______tired________Icouldn’twalkanymore.Thisbuildingis_______tall________thatone.Tomwasillyesterday,________hestillwenttoschoolasusual.Heaskedme______Iwouldgotherewithhim.Wehavestudiedhere________1994.10.ThechildhadstudiedEnglishfortwoyears________hewenttomiddleschool.11._______theboyfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.12.Studyhardonyoursubjects,________you’lldowellintheexam.（二）選擇最佳答案：()1.LiuMingtoldus____hisclasswereexcitedbythenews.

A.whenB.howC.thatD.before

()2.Myfatherdidn’tcomeback____hefinishedallthework.

A.untilB.whileC.ifD.assoonas

()3.Morepeoplecame____Ihadexpected.

A.asifB.sothatC.sinceD.than

()4.Hecan’tdecidewhichtochoose____there’snodifferencebetweenthem.

A.butB.soC.becauseD.and

()5.Lifetodayiseasier____itwashundredsofyearsago.

A.than.asC.whatD.when【中等題】（一）并列連詞1.Thatwasalong_______dulltalk.A.soB.andC.sothatD.or2._______theparents_________theirchildrenwantedtomovetothecountry.A.Both,aswellasB.Neither,norC.Either,andD.Both,also3.Hewon'tliveintown,_____willhiswife.A.eitherB.neitherC.alsoD.too4.Charlietookthejob,_______hediditverywell.A.soB.yetC.andD.sothat5.Mygrandfatherisinhiseighties,______heisstillingoodhealth.A.orB.butC.soD.for（二）從屬連詞1.Iaskedhim_________dogitwas.A.whoseB.whichC.who'sD.where2.Theygotoconcertsofmodemmusic_________theyreallylikeit.A.becauseB.ifC.thoughD.after3.Findout_________theyaregoingthiseveningandask_________mayjointhem.A.whether,thatB.where,whetherC.what,ifD.where,why4.Histalkwas_________dull_________weallgotbored.A.as,asB.very,thatC.so.asD.so,that5.MotheraskedCharlie_________liehadstayedoutsolate.A.howB.whyC.whenD.where學(xué)生對(duì)于本次課的評(píng)價(jià)：○特別滿(mǎn)意○滿(mǎn)意○一般○差學(xué)生簽字：教師評(píng)定：1、學(xué)生上次作業(yè)評(píng)價(jià)：○好○較好○一般○差2、學(xué)生本次上課情況評(píng)價(jià)：○好○較好○一般○差教師簽字：教學(xué)主管意見(jiàn)：家長(zhǎng)簽字：__________家庭作業(yè)全國(guó)各地中考真題：1.Hurryup.Thebusiscoming.0h,no.Wemustn'tcrossthestreet__D____thetrafficlightsaregreen.A.afterB.sinceC.whileD.until2.Iwillneverforgetthatterribleaccident__B____ithappenedsolongago.A.onlyifBeventhoughC.onlywhenD.eversince3.Youwon'tpassyourexams___C___youworkharder.A.whenB.ifC.unlessD.after4.Hemetmanyproblems___A_____hewasgoingoverhislessonsA.beforeB.assoonasC.sinceD.while5.Hurryup,Jack.Wehavetogettothestationbefore11:45__D____wecancatchthe12:00train.A.sinceB.afterC.assoonasD.sothat6.Itriedtocallyou_____D____Iheardfromhim,butyouwerenotin.A.sinceB.whileC.untilD.assoonas7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday____D____therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8._______B_theyarebrothers,theydon'tlooklikeeachotheratall.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.WhenD.As9.thisdresswaslastyear’sstyle.Ithinkitstilllooksperfect__B____ithasgoneoutthisyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.asifD.eversince10.Sheboughtadigitalcameraonline____A__shesavedalotofmoney.A.sothatB.assoonasC.nomatterD.suchthat中考真題：Peterwaslateforthemeeting_