高三第三次大聯(lián)考英語試題

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020屆江西省第三次高三大聯(lián)考試卷英語試題注意事項：1。答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上.2。回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號.回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上.寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上.第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1。5分，滿分7。5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19。15。B?！?.18。C.￡9.15。答案是Co1。WhathasthemanpreparedforGeorge？A.Somefriedchips。B.Somechocolate.C.Somecolddrinks。2。Howdothespeakersgetaseat?A。Bycomingearly。B。Bybooking。C。Byplacinganorder。3。Whatsizedoesthemanwant？A.Size18.B.Size72。C。Size81。4.Howdoesthemanliketopay？A.Byhisphone。B.Bycheck,C.Incash.5.Howdidthewomanfeelatlast？A。Nervous.B。Uncaring.C.Confident。第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1。5分，滿分22。5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間.每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoesthewomansuggestthemangoing?A。Thelocallibrary.B。Thelectureroom。C.Theprovincialmuseum。7.Whatdoesthemuseumdoeveryfewmonths？A。Changetheexhibits。B。Closeitforrepairs。C.Holdalectureaboutrelics.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwillthemanstudy?A。Business.B.Law.C。Fashiondesign.9.WherewillLindaapplytostudy?A。Cambridge.B.Afashionschool。C.Thelocaluniversity。聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10。WhatisRogerdoingonline?A.Postinghisphotos,B。Talkingwithafriend。C.Openinganaccount-11.Howdoesthewomanlikesharingpostsonline?A。It'sgreatfun.B。Ittakestime。C.Itleadstotrouble.12。What'stheconversationmainlyabout?A。Makingonlinefriends.B.Postingmessagesonline。C。Makingsocialaccounts。聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whendidthemanrealizetheharmofsmoking?A。Whenhereadaboutit。B.Whenhecoughedbadly.C。Whenhisfriendhadcancer。14。What’sthetopcauseofdeathforchildrenunderfive？A。Airpollution.B。Poornutrition.C。Bomdiseases。15。Whereisthird-handsmokeleft?A。Onclothes.B。Intheair。C。Inthefood。16.Whatdidthemanusetothinkaboutsmoking？A.Itwasrefreshing.B.Itdidharmtohealth.C。Itwasapersonalchoice.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題.17。Whichcountryhasthemostcitizenstravelinghomeandabroad?A.Norway.B。Finland.C。America。18.What’sthehabitofRussiantourists?A.Visitinghistoricalplaces.B。Postingtheirtripsonline.C。Tryingtogetthebestdeal。19。Whichgroupprefertovisitsitesinahurry？A。Americantourists.B.Chinesetourists。C.Britishtourists.20。Whichgroupofvisitorsspendtheirvacationatease?A.Chinese。B。Germans。C。Italians。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AVolunteersarethebackboneofSAGEtooffermanyprogramsandservicesimportanttoenrichingthelivesofLGBTolderpeople。Nomatterwhattypeofvolunteeractivityyouchoose,volunteeringisagreatwaytogetinvolvedwithSAGE.HowDoIBecomeaSAGEVolunteer?ThefirststeptobecomeaSAGEvolunteeristoattendaVolunteerOrientation.VolunteerOrientationsareheldonthesecondWednesdayofeverymonthat7:00PMinRoom107attheLGBTCommunityCenter,208W.13thStreet。Advanceregistrationisnotrequired，justbringyourselfandapen.ClickheretoseewhenthenextVolunteerOrientationwilltakeplace.One-on—OneInterviewwithSAGEStaff.Afteryouattendthevolunteerorientation,youwillbecontactedforaninterviewwithaSAGECommunityServicesstaffmember.ItspurposeistofindtherightvolunteerplacementforyouatSAGE,andtoansweranyquestionsyoumayhave。AttendaVolunteerTraining。ThevolunteeropportunitiesatSAGErequireinitialtrainingandmayincludeothercommitmentsaswell。YoucanfindoutmoreaboutthisattheVolunteerOrientation。IfyouarenotabletoattendaVolunteerOrientation,pleasesendanemailwithyournameandcontactinformationto:volunteersageusa.org。WhatKindofVolunteerOpportunitiesAreAvailableatSAGE?SAGEoffersawidevarietyofvolunteeropportunities,suchasFriendlyVisiting,EventVolunteeringandparticipationinaSAGECommittee。Pleaseclickheretoviewadetailedlistofvolunteeropportunities。Ifyouwanttovolunteer？butdon’tseesomethinginthelistthatinterestsyou，besuretoattendaVolunteerOrientationtofindoutwhatotheropportunitiesmightbeavailable。1。WhatdoweknowaboutVolunteerOrientation？A.IfsheldeveryWednesdayfornewvolunteers.B.Itprefersitsvolunteerstobookachanceonline。C.It’sheldmonthlytogiveinformationtovolunteers.D.Itidentifiesthebestvolunteersforthetraining.2.WhatworkchancesdoesSAGEprovideforvolunteers？A。OfferhelptoenrichthelifeofseniorpeopleinLGBT。B.HelporganizeVolunteerOrientationsatthecommunity.C。Attendtooldpeoplesufferingbackinjuriesinhospital。D。Provideonlinemedicalcareforpatientsinthecommunity.3。HowcanonefinddetailedvolunteerinformationatSAGE？A。Bymakinganappointment。 B。ByvisitingSAGEwebsite。C.Byinterviewingone—on-one. D。Byapplyingonlineinadvance。【答案】1。C2.A3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個團(tuán)體招募志愿者的相關(guān)信息.【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第二段中“ThefirststeptobecomeaSAGEvolunteeristoattendaVolunteerOrientation.VolunteerOrientationsareheldonthesecondWednesdayofeverymonthat7:00PMinRoom107attheLGBTCommunityCenter，208W.13thStreet”可知，要成為這個機構(gòu)的志愿者的第一步是參加每個月第二個星期三舉辦的VolunteerOrientation。所以VolunteerOrientation每月舉行一次，向志愿者提供信息.故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“VolunteersarethebackboneofSAGEtooffermanyprogramsandservicesimportanttoenrichingthelivesofLGBTolderpeople.Nomatterwhattypeofvolunteeractivityyouchoose，volunteeringisagreatwaytogetinvolvedwithSAGE"可知,志愿者是SAGE的頂梁柱，他們給LGBT群體的老人提供服務(wù)來豐富他們的生活。所以SAGE為志愿者提供提供幫助，豐富老年人在LGBT的生活的機會。故選A.【3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段“ClickheretoseewhenthenextVolunteerOrientationwilltakeplace?！焙偷谒亩巍?Pleaseclickheretoviewadetailedlistofvolunteeropportunities.”都提到了“點擊這里了解更多信息",由此推斷本文選自網(wǎng)絡(luò)文章，要了解更多的詳細(xì)信息可以點擊SAGE網(wǎng)站，故選B。BThatmorning,IdroppedoureldestatkindergartenandreturnedhometoletourtwoyoungerchildrenplaywhileIworkedonmymedicalreport.Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn’tmakingadifferenceinanyone’slife。Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome。Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately。OnMondaymorning，IpickedupthephoneanddialedthenumberIhadgoogledforthenearestDepartmentofChildren'Services.Themanontheotherendwasreceptivetomyquestionsandexplainedthenextstepoftraining，involvingeightweeksofclassesdesignedtoprepareandeducatefosterparents.Wecontinuedthroughalltheclasses,thehomevisits，backgroundchecks,andseeminglyendlesssteps。Fivelongmonthsafterwewereapproved，thephoneTang。Inthemiddleofthenight，IwokemyhusbandandrushedtoEastTennesseeChildren'sHospital—Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn’ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering。Sixmonthslater,herhalf-brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare.OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords，ouradoptionwasfinalized.Thesetwoamazingchildrenweren'tgoinghome,becausetheywerealreadyhome.Wearetheirforeverfamily5andtheyareourforeverchildren。Wemaynotbeabletochangetheentireworld，butwehavechangedtheworldentirelyforournewchildren。4Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherhospitalwork?A.Unusuallydemanding。 B.Lackinginmotivation。C.Filledwithchallenges? D。Packedwithchances。5.Whatledtheauthortodecidetoadoptchildren？A。Shewantedtomakeadifferenceinotherpeople.B。Shefeltsympatheticforabusedchildrensheknew。C.Shefeltconfidentaboutherabilitytoraisechildren。D.Sheexperiencedtrainingtoraisechildrenproperly。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”placement"inPara。3referto?A。Thechildtobeadopted. B。Theneedtogettrained。C.Theapprovalofadoption。 D。Theofficialatthehospital7.Whydidtheauthorappearatthecourtroom？A。Toputtheadoptedkidselsewhere.B。Toreceiveanotheradoptedchild.C.Tobeginthekids5adoptioninherhome。D.Tomaketheadoptionofficiallylegal，【答案】4。B5。A6。A7。D【解析】這是是一篇記敘文.文章主要講述了作者在醫(yī)院有一份滿意的工作，但是作者想要通過自己的努力來改善他人的人生，于是走上了收養(yǎng)孩子的道路?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone’slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng))mother，providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately?！笨芍髡吣茉诩夜ぷ骱芎?，但是作者意識到自己在醫(yī)院的工作不能讓別人的生活發(fā)生改變，需要做一些事來拓展自己，促使自己成長,由此推斷作者覺得自己在醫(yī)院的工作缺少動力，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Itwaswonderful，butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn’tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow。Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（領(lǐng)養(yǎng)）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately”可知,作者意識到在醫(yī)院的工作并沒有改變?nèi)魏稳说纳睢Ｋ枰恍┠芡卣顾臉O限，推動她成長的東西。故作者覺得自己的職業(yè)沒有讓他人的人生更有意義，于是希望挑戰(zhàn)自己的能力，為需要安全的孩子提供安全的成長環(huán)境，故作者收養(yǎng)孩子的原因是她想給別人的生活造成影響。結(jié)合選項,故選A.【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn'ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering.Sixmonthslater,herhalf—brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare."可知,語境說這個placement在醫(yī)院的急診室等待作者，一臉的病態(tài)，并且營養(yǎng)不良。沒過多久我們就意識到她的痛苦有多深。六個月后，她同父異母的弟弟應(yīng)我們的要求來找我們。我們現(xiàn)在照顧五個孩子。故這里的placement指作者準(zhǔn)備領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“OnAugust12,2016，ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere。Withjustafewwords,ouradoptionwasfinalized.”可知，2016年8月12日，我們一家七口走進(jìn)一個小法庭.孩子們的律師和社會工作者都在那里。只說了幾句話，我們的收養(yǎng)就完成了.由此推斷，為什么作者出現(xiàn)在法庭上是為了使收養(yǎng)正式合法化。應(yīng)選D。CLeadersintheaviation（航空）industryplantolaunchacampaignthattheyhopewillworkagainstwhattheycalla"flightshaming（使蒙羞）”movement。TheysayflightshaminghasweakenedpeopleddemandforairtravelinEurope。Sometravelersthereareincreasinglyconcernedabouttheeffectsofflyingontheenvironment.Activistshavebeencallingforgreateractionagainstclimatechange.Thatincludesavoidingairtravel.FlightshaminghasaffectedairtraveldemandinmanyEuropeancountries，includingBritain，F(xiàn)ranceandGermany。Thecampaignwilltrytoexplaintothepublichowtheindustryisreducingitseffectontheenvironment。Juniac,headofIATA，saidtheflightshamingmovementgaveoff"misleadinginformation”。.TheInternationalAirTransportAssociation（IATA）isorganizingtheplanthroughtheAirTransportActionGroup,agroupofaviationindustryorganizationsandcompanies.Juniacdidn’tsaywhenthecampaignwouldstart，butnotedthatdetailswouldbeavailabletoairportsandairlines.Commercialflyingisestimatedtocauseabout2.5％ofworldwidecarbonemissions(釋放）.However,thatnumbercouldriseasworldwideairtravelincreases.Theaviationindustrysaysithasalreadycutcarbonemissionsbyone—halfsince1990Theimprovementsaremainlytheresultofaircraftthatusefuelmoreeffectively.Theindustryplanstocutemissionsfurtherby2050。Ithasagoalofstoppingthegrowthofcarbonemissionsby2020.Airlinesalsohavewarnedoftheharmfuleffectsoftheflightshamingmovement.SomehavecriticizedtheindustryforfailingtoexplainitselfTimClark，presidentoftheairlineEmirates，saidthatimprovementsintechnologyhavereducedtheenvironmentaleffectsofpassengerairplanes。8.Whatisflightshamingmovementabout?A。Weakeningpeopleddemandtotravelabroad。B。Callingonalltofightagainstglobalwarming.CAnnouncingtheenvironmentalharmofflying.D。Scaringpeoplefromapproachingtheairport.9。HowdoesJuniaccommentonflightshamingmovement？A。Itignorestheeffortsofairlinestoreducepollution.B。Airlineswillchargethemovementfortheirloss.C.Airlinesaretoblameforthecauseofthemovement.D。Ithaspositiveeffectsinurgingairlinestobegreen.10。Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthefifthparagraph？A.Theeffectiveuseoffuelhasmadeairtravelgreener.B.Flightshamingmovementhascausedgreatlossforairlines.C.Withmorepassengers？carbonemissionsbyplanesmayrise。D。Theaviationindustryaimstostopcarbonemissionby2020.11。Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Improvementofairqualitysinceflightshaming.movement。B.Oppositionofaviationindustryagainstflightshamingmovement，C.Travelers'inconveniencecausedbyflightshamingmovement,D.Measuresbyaviationindustrytoreduceenvironmentalpollution?！敬鸢浮?。C9。A10.A11.B【解析】這是是一篇說明文.文章主要講述了環(huán)保人士掀起的“讓坐飛機蒙羞”的活動給航空產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來很大的損失,航空公司決定奮起反擊，告訴人們現(xiàn)在的飛機一直在減少碳排放量，減少對環(huán)境的破壞作用?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Leadersintheaviation（航空)industryplantolaunchacampaignthattheyhopewillworkagainstwhattheycalla”flightshaming（使蒙羞)"movement.TheysayflightshaminghasweakenedpeopleddemandforairtravelinEurope。Sometravelersthereareincreasinglyconcernedabouttheeffectsofflyingontheenvironment.Activistshavebeencallingforgreateractionagainstclimatechange.Thatincludesavoidingairtravel?！笨芍?，航空業(yè)準(zhǔn)備發(fā)起一場活動來與“飛行羞辱活動”抗?fàn)?，說這個活動削弱了人們坐飛機出行的需求。一些旅客也越來越擔(dān)心飛行對環(huán)境的影響。積極分子一直呼吁人們對氣候變化采取更激進(jìn)的行動，包括不坐飛機。故“飛行羞辱活動”主要是宣告坐飛機出行對環(huán)境壞的影響.結(jié)合選項，故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Thecampaignwilltrytoexplaintothepublichowtheindustryisreducingitseffectontheenvironment.Juniac，headofIATA，saidtheflightshamingmovementgaveoff”misleadinginformation””可知,這個活動給出“誤導(dǎo)性的信息”，后面說航空行業(yè)一直在盡力減少對環(huán)境的破壞作用，故這個活動對于航空公司所做的環(huán)保努力視而不見。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中“Theaviationindustrysaysithasalreadycutcarbonemissionsbyone—halfsince1990.Theimprovementsaremainlytheresultofaircraftthatusefuelmoreeffectively。Theindustryplanstocutemissionsfurtherby2050。Ithasagoalofstoppingthegrowthofcarbonemissionsby2020?！笨芍?，自從1990年開始,航空業(yè)已經(jīng)把碳排放量降低了一半，并且力爭在2020年不再增長,而這一成果都得益于飛機能更有效地使用燃油，故燃料的有效利用使航空旅行更加環(huán)保。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章以及根據(jù)文章第一段“Leadersintheaviation（航空）industryplantolaunchacampaignthattheyhopewillworkagainstwhattheycalla”flightshaming（使蒙羞）”movement?！笨芍?，本文講述在環(huán)保人士掀起“讓坐飛機蒙羞”的活動之后，航空公司決定奮起反擊,為自己申辯。所以這篇課文主要講了航空工業(yè)對飛行羞辱運動的反對。故選B。D“Newandimproved?！盩hesewordsareputinsomanymarketingcampaignsthatwetendtoacceptthemaslinked.Butmanynewdrugsaren'tanimprovementoverthebestexistingdrugforagivencondition,andthefastdrug—approvalprocessesinrecentyearshaveaddedtotheuncertaintyabouttheiradvantages.ArecentreportintheBritishMedicalJournal,”NewDrugs:WhereDidWeGoWrongandWhatCanWeDoBetter？，analysedtheissue，Theauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017;152werenewlydeveloped，and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses。Only25％offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58％hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth—relatedqualityoflife.”Thisdoesn’tmeanthere’snoaddedbenefit,”leadauthorWieselersaid.“Itjustmeanswehavenopositiveproof。Eitherwehavenostudiesorhavestudiesnotgoodenough.”Wieselerandherco-authorsworkforaGermaninstitutewhichevaluatesnewtreatmentsandadvisesonwhetherthecountry’shealthcaresystemshouldpayapremium（占）forthem。Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment(HTA）agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS，saysSeanTunis，aresearcherinBaltimore：“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn’tbetterthananexistingdrug，theseagencieswillrequire.thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”Germany’sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn’talwayspracticalForonething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime—consuming，withnoguaranteeofsuccess。Secondly，itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives。Thisisalreadyhappening。Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases。ThislackofmeaningfuldatatoguidepatientsisamajorpointofWieseler’spaper-Withacceleratedapproval,therearemoreproductsapproved,withagreateramountofuncertaintyaboutrisksandbenefits。Butthereareothersolutionsbesidesdrugtrials.Oneideaistorequirepostmarketstudiestotracktheeffectivenessofnewlyapproveddrugs—asteptoooftenneglected.12。Whatmessagedoestherecentreportconvey？A。Manynewdrugshavenoimprovedadvantages.B.Theapprovalprocessesfornewdrugsaretoofast.C。Improveddrugshaveadvantagesoveroldones.D.Before2017noimprovementwasmadetodrugs。13.WhatwillUSHTAagenciesdowhennoadvantageisfoundinnewdrugs?A.Removegovernmentpremiumonthem。B。Gethospitalstousethecheaperdrugs。C。Arrangefinancialsupportforthepatients.D.Putnewdrugsonfurthertrialsandstudies.14。What’sthedisadvantageofGermany’sHTAtrialdemands？A。Makingdrugcompaniesthinkofillegalwaystocutcost。B.Pushingcompaniestotryalternativesforexistingdrugs.C.Gettingpatientstodependonthegovernmentforsupport。D.Holdingcompaniesbackfromimprovingexistingdrugs.15。Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A。TheAdvantageofExistingDrugsB。MisunderstandingofNewandOldDrugsC。ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternativesD。PeopledPreferenceforNeworOldDrugs【答案】12.A13.B14。D15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文文.文章主要講述了英國一項研究表明，與傳統(tǒng)藥物相比,市面上不斷推出的新藥大部分并不具有新的療效。作者分析其中原因并指出，因為相關(guān)機構(gòu)的要求，加上新藥耗時費錢，因此藥品公司干脆轉(zhuǎn)向研究罕見病的藥品，而不是對已有的藥品進(jìn)行改良.【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“heauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017；152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25％offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58％hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth—relatedqualityoflife.”可知，英國《醫(yī)學(xué)期刊》的一篇報道對2011到2017年上市的藥品的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中58％的新藥與已有的藥物相比,沒有任何得到證實的新增加的藥效。故最近的報告?zhèn)鬟_(dá)了許多新藥沒有改進(jìn)的優(yōu)勢的信息。結(jié)合選項,故選A.【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment（HTA）agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS，saysSeanTunis,aresearcherinBaltimore：“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananexistingdrug，theseagencieswillrequire。thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst."可知,美國的衛(wèi)生技術(shù)評估機構(gòu)的功能與德國不同，如果付費方（病人）認(rèn)為某種新藥不比已有的藥品更好，那么“他們（評估機構(gòu)）就會要求醫(yī)院先試用便宜一些的藥品”,故選B.【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspracticalForonething，suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming，withnoguaranteeofsuccess。Secondly，itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases”（德國的HTA需要試驗來證明新的治療方法優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這并不總是可行的一件事,這樣的研究可能是昂貴和耗時的，沒有成功的保證。其次，它可以阻止公司嘗試開發(fā)新的替代品。這已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。藥物開發(fā)人員越來越關(guān)注那些沒有好的治療方法可與之競爭的領(lǐng)域,例如罕見的疾?。┛芍?，德國衛(wèi)生技術(shù)評估機構(gòu)要求有藥物試驗來證實改良后的新藥比原先的藥品更好,這需要大量的金錢和時間。由此可以推斷出，德國HTA的試驗的缺點是不利于公司對已有藥品進(jìn)行提升。結(jié)合選項,故選D。【15題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。全文講述藥品研發(fā)的窘境：傳統(tǒng)藥物的更新未必有新的療效，即使有新療效,相關(guān)機構(gòu)的要求使這個更新過程漫長而且費用高，于是很多藥企干脆轉(zhuǎn)向研究罕見病的新藥，這就使已有藥品的更新面臨窘境.故C項ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternatives“新藥物的兩難選擇"作為標(biāo)題,符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhatRecyclingWillLookLikein10YearsAsbusinessesrushtobecomegreener,thisiswhatrecyclingmaylooklikeadecadefromnow.Tobeginwith,moregoodswillbemadeofexistingmaterials.Theincreaseinthereuseofexistingmaterials，includingrecycledplastics,glassandmorewillreducethedemandforrawmaterials(原材料)。You’llfindmoreclothing,toys，parkbenches，etc.madeofrecycledwaterbottles。____16____。Thusallresourceswillbekeptincirculation(流通）withnoend。Reusableproductswillbecomemorepopular。Notonlywillcompaniestakeupthedutytoreducewaste。____17____。Takesingle-usestraws(吸管),forexample.They’vebeenbannedeverywherebecausetheyaresobadfortheenvironmentandwildlife.Furthermore,beginningin2021theEuropeanUnionwillbansingle—useplastics。____18____;wealsoneedtochangeconsumers’habitsbychangingthewaytheythinkaboutsingle—useplastics。Chemicalrecyclingmaybecomecommon。Thoughthefieldisstillinitsearlystages,theprocessofchemicalrecyclingmayincreaseinthecomingyears。____19____.“Thisisalljustahugeexpensivebusiness，”DenisePatelsaid，addingthatreducingtheoveralluseofplasticisabettersolution.___20___。Currently，thinplasticisn’toftenrecycled.Asit'ssolightweight,itcanjamrecyclingmachinery；butthrowingitoutisn’tidealeither。Afterall，ittakesabout450yearstobreakdown.Youcanreturnittoastorethatcollectsthem,oruseaservicethatpicksuphard-to—recycleitemsfromyourhomeforafee.A。WecannotrelyonlyonrecyclingB.NewplasticischeaperthanrecycledplasticC.Inthefuture，thinplasticswillberecycledmorereadilyD。However，chemicalrecyclingisnotwithoutdisagreementE。ThiscreatesaneconomywherenoresourcewillbewastedF。Individuals（個人)willalsobeexpectedtousemorereusableproductsG。Thecampaignputsthefocusonindividualstocleanuptheirplasticmess【答案】16。E17.F18.A19。D20。C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹未來廢品回收利用的情況.【16題詳解】設(shè)空句下文Thusallresourceswillbekeptincirculation（流通)withnoend.（因而所有資源都會得到循環(huán)使用,沒有結(jié)束),這句是對選項E“這創(chuàng)造了一個經(jīng)濟，在這個經(jīng)濟體系中不會浪費任何資源"解釋說明。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：resource，只有選項E符合語境,故選E?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空句所在段落的主題句Reusableproductswillbecomemorepopular。（將來，循環(huán)使用會變得更加流行），結(jié)合設(shè)空句前句“Notonlywillcompaniestakeupthedutytoreducewaste."(公司不僅要承擔(dān)起減少浪費的責(zé)任.）可推斷，下文會談個人，選項F中Individuals個人，符合邏輯，故選F?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空句下句“wealsoneedtochangeconsumers'habitsbychangingthewaytheythinkaboutsingle—useplastics.”可知，我們也需要改變消費者的習(xí)慣，句中的“also”，提示設(shè)空句要有詞匯與此呼應(yīng)，選項A中only呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成完整的信息鏈，故選A。【19題詳解】設(shè)空句下句“Thisisalljustahugeexpensivebusiness，”(這一切都花費巨大）可知，這是對回收利用廢品的一種批評意見，選項D中的disagreement不同，分歧，上下句相呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成完整的信息鏈,故選D?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空句為段落標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Currently，thinplasticisn’toftenrecycled?！?目前,薄塑料不經(jīng)常被回收.）是關(guān)于在未來人們?nèi)绾位厥绽贸〉乃芰?，選項C中的thinplastics，與段落主題詞吻合，與該段落介紹內(nèi)容一致，故選C?！军c睛】七選五類型的題目，設(shè)空句要與段落主旨內(nèi)容一致，這是進(jìn)行選擇的技巧之一。本道題目中的第2，第5小題，都要在段落主旨內(nèi)容明晰的前提下，對各選項進(jìn)行選擇,第2小題設(shè)空句所在的段落是循環(huán)利用會更流行，據(jù)此推斷：流行既在公司,也會在個人方面，再結(jié)合上下文，選定答案。第5小題中設(shè)空句所在的段落是談薄塑料的再利用，只有選項C中出現(xiàn)了這一內(nèi)容.這樣可以縮小選擇范圍,提高解題效率。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1。5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Foryears，Ihadsufferedfromdepression.Ineverseemedtobehappywithmylife,especiallywhenI___21___ittosomeoneelse's.IfrequentlyfeltIwasnotlivinguptoeithermyown___22___ortheworldsexpectations。Then,theweekbeforeThanksgiving，everychairinthechurchhasapaperbagunderneath。Allwereexpectedtopickupone___23___andtakethemtoagrocerystoreandfillthemwithsomebasicfooditemstobe___24___tolocalchanty。Then，attheevening，ateamofvolunteersplacedallthe___25___bags,offoodatthefrontofthechurch.Includedintheeventwasasheetwith___26___,askingustothinkof100thingswewerethankfulfor.Thiswasa（n)___27___tohelpusfocusongratitude。___28___Iheardsomekidsnexttome___29___eachothertoseewhocouldfillinall100thefastest。My___30___naturepushedmetofillinblankswithany___31___inmylifethatIwasthankfulfor。Tomyown____32____，Ifilledinthelistinfourminutes。ThenIjoinedtheothers___33___thebagsaccordingtotheircategoriesbeforetheyweredonatedtothe___34___.OnedaynotlongafterwardIfoundmyselfsinkingintomy___35___depressionwhenIrememberedthe___36___.Itookitoutandreadthroughitand___37___thatnotonlydidIhavealottobethankfulforbutthatthethingsIhadwrittenonthatlist___38___mytalents,hobbies,faith,andpeoplewhohadgreatly___39___me.___40___tohaveanattitudeofgratitudehasmadememorethanhappyandfilledmewithjoy.21.A。introduced B。compared C.exposed D。applied22.A.achievement B.nature C。potential D。patience23.A.randomly B.regularly C。alternatively D.considerately24。A。returned B。issued C。allocated D.donated25.A。circulated B.addressed C.filled D.supplied26.A.credits B.blanks C.inspirations D。suggestions27。A.celebration B。amusement C.communication D.exercise28.A.Accidentally B.Furthermore C。Otherwise D。Necessarily29。A.remind B.challenge C。support D.observe30.A。sympathetic B.creative C。competitive D。contradictory31.A。situation B.chance C.promotion D。awareness32。A.disappointment B.curiosity C。advantage D。astonishment33.A.distributing B.clarifying C.sorting D。decorating34。A.rich B。needy C.special D。worried35。A.guilty B.familiar C。temporary D.apparent36.A.list B.activity C。motivation D.report37.A.pretended B.claimed C。imagined D.realized38.A。ruledout B.droppedout C。broughtout D.workedout39。A。surprised B。touched C。promised D。concerned40.A。Choosing B。Offering C。Demanding D.Declining【答案】21.B22。C23.A24。D25.C26.B27。D28.A29.B30.C31。A32。D33。C34。B35。B36.A37.D38。C39.B40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講了作者在生活中總是不開心，認(rèn)為自己沒有完全發(fā)揮自己的潛力，沒有達(dá)成世人的期待,一次公益活動讓他領(lǐng)悟到了人要感恩，擁有感恩的態(tài)度讓自己更快樂,充滿喜悅?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，我一直飽受抑郁之苦。我對自己的生活似乎從來都不滿意，尤其是當(dāng)我把自己的生活和別人比較的時候。A.introduced介紹;B.compared比較；C。exposed暴露；D.applied應(yīng)用。根據(jù)上文可知，作者對自己的生活不滿意，由especiallywhen結(jié)合常識可知,comparesth。tosth.是固定搭配，意為“把……和……作比較”，與題意相符，表示特別是與其他人的生活比較時，我對生活更不滿意。introducesb。tosth.把……介紹給……；exposesth.tosth。向……表示敬意；applysth.tosth.把某物應(yīng)用于某事物上，都不符合語境。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我常常覺得我既沒有發(fā)揮出自己的潛力，也沒有達(dá)到世人的期望.A。achievement成就；B.nature自然；C。potential潛力；D。patience耐心.根據(jù)空格18后的mytalents,hobbies，faith等幾處線索，可推知這里說明作者還沒發(fā)揮出自己的潛力，故選C.【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：所有人都被要求隨機挑選一個，然后帶到雜貨店，在里面裝上一些主要食品,捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C構(gòu)。A.randomly隨機地；B.regularly定期地;C.alternatively二者選其一的；D.considerately體量地。根據(jù)下文的accordingtotheircategories可知，孩子們把這些袋子根據(jù)類別進(jìn)行分類，可知這里是要求隨機（randomly）選擇袋子，而其他三項與題意不符，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所有人都被要求隨機挑選一個，然后帶到雜貨店，在里面裝上一些主要食物，捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C構(gòu).A。returned返回；B。issued發(fā)行；C.allocated分配；D。donated捐獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上下文可知，因下文提到localcharity，所以能推知此處是將食物捐獻(xiàn)給慈善機構(gòu)，故選D.【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在晚上,一組志愿者把裝滿食物的袋子放在教堂前面。A.circulated傳