專業(yè)英語語法：倒裝句、強調句、課件

Inversion倒裝句1精選2021版課件Inversion倒裝

Inversion

isthechangingoftheorderofthewordsinasentence.Whenweuseinversion,weputthepredicateorpartofitbeforethesubject.Thisputsemphasisonthepredicateinsteadofonthesubject.Wecanuseinversioninmanycases.

2精選2021版課件一、全部倒裝

全部倒裝是將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。常見的結構有：

1)here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語動詞常用be,come,go,lie,run等。

Theregoesthebell.

Thencamethechairman.

Hereisyourletter.3精選2021版課件2)表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首，謂語是表示運動的動詞。

Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

Aheadsatanoldwoman.

Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.

注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結構里的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

Herehecomes. Awaytheywent.

Awaywenttherunners.

4精選2021版課件二、部分倒裝

部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞置于主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語之前。

5精選2021版課件1、句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.

Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidhismotherleavetheroom.

當notuntil引出主從復合句時，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。6精選2021版課件另外，有些含有否定意義的介詞短語置于句首時，其后也要用倒裝。如：Innocaseshouldyougiveup.你絕不能放棄。Onnoconditionshouldwetellheraboutit.我們絕不能把此事告訴她。Onnoaccountsmustthisswitchbetouched.這個開關是絕不能觸摸的。Undernocircumstancesshouldyoulendhimanymoney.你無論如何都不該把錢借給他7精選2021版課件注意：如否定詞不在句首則不倒裝。

Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.

8精選2021版課件

典型例題

1)---Whycan’tIsmokehere?

---Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermitted

C.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit本題的正常語序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

9精選2021版課件2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatlightis.

A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn’tmanknowD.didmanknow

改寫為正常語序為：Mandidnotknowwhatlightisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.10精選2021版課件2、句首為否定意義的關連詞,如：

notonly…butalso,hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than1）Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.2）Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.3）Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.11精選2021版課件典型例題

Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily. A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegun

C.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun

12精選2021版課件

注意：只有當notonly…butalso連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置于句首的notonly…butalso僅連接兩個并列詞語，不用倒裝結構。Notonlydidtheypresentamusicalperformance,buttheyalsogaveabriefintroductiontothehistoryofWesternbrassinstruments.他們不但做了音樂表演，而且簡短地介紹了西方銅管樂器的歷史。

NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.

13精選2021版課件3、so,neither,nor在表示“也”、“也不”的結構中，句子要部分倒裝。

1）TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.

2）Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.

14精選2021版課件典型例題

---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?

---Idon’tknow,_____. A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon‘tcarealso

15精選2021版課件注意：當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，意為“的確如此”，不用倒裝結構。

1)TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.

2)---It’sraininghard. ---Soitis.16精選2021版課件4、only在句首要倒裝的情況

1）Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.2)Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.

如果句子為主從復合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.

17精選2021版課件5、as/though引導的讓步從句，將表語、狀語或謂語的一部分前置（形容詞,副詞,分詞,實義動詞提前），表示強烈的對照。

注意：

1)句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

2)句首是實義動詞,其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語,隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。

Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.

Intheclassroomas/thoughhestays,hedoesn’treadhistexts.18精選2021版課件6、其他部分倒裝

1）so…that句型中的so位于句首時需倒裝。

Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.

Sointerestingisthatstorythateveryonewantstoreadit.Sogoodagirlisshethatwealllikeher.19精選2021版課件2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中。

Mayyouallbehappy.

Mayyouhaveagoodjourney.祝你旅途愉快。Mayyousucceed.祝你成功。3）感嘆句中的倒裝。如：Isn’titbeautiful!難道還不漂亮！Aren’tyoucontentwithit!難道還不知足！20精選2021版課件4)在虛擬語氣條件句中，從句謂語動詞有were,had,should等詞，可將if省略，把were,had,should移到主語之前，采取部分倒裝。

WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

Hadyouworkedhard,youwouldhavefinisheditearly.21精選2021版課件Practice1.______thathecouldnotspeakforalongtime.

A.Sofrightenedwashe

B.Sofrightenedhewas

C.Washesofrightened

D.Frightenedwashe

2.Onlywhenclassbegan______thathehadlefthisbookathome.

A.willherealize

B.hedidrealize

C.didherealize

D.shouldherealize

AC22精選2021版課件

3.______thatIcouldn’tbeabsorbedinthework.

A.Theymadesuchtalked

B.Soloudlytheytalked

C.Itwasnoiseoutside

D.Suchaloudnoisedidtheymake

4.______Iwouldseeyouhere.A.LittleIdreamedB.LittledoIdreamC.IdreamedlittleD.LittledidIdream5._____theplane.A.FlewdownB.DownflewC.DownwasflyingD.DownflyDDB23精選2021版課件6.Sheneverlaughed,____losehertemper.A.norsheeverdidB.orsheeverdidC.ordidsheeverD.nordidsheever她從未開懷大笑過，也從未發(fā)過脾氣。24精選2021版課件7.____thebuildingdidherealizethattherewasdangereverywhereinit.A.UponenteringB.WhenheenteredC.OnlyafterenteringD.Afterhehadentered25精選2021版課件8.Onnoaccount____everleavethebabyathomealone.A.shouldyouB.youshouldC.shallyouD.youshall26精選2021版課件9.Nowherebutintheremotestregionofthecountry____findaplacetosettledown.A.canheB.hecanC.heD.forhimto27精選2021版課件10.Justasrelaxationisanimportantpartofourlives,____stress.A.soisB.asitisC.andsoisD.thesameis28精選2021版課件11.____willMr.Forbesbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany.A.WithhardworkB.OnlyifheworkshardlyC.InspiteofhishardworkD.Onlywithhardwork29精選2021版課件Invertthesentenceswithnegativewords1.Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowersinthecity.2.IdonothavetimetogotothemuseumtodayandIalsodonotwantto.NeverhaveIseensuchbeautifulflowersinthecity.

NeitherdoIhavetimetogotothemuseumtodayandnordoIwantto.30精選2021版課件3.Ihadhardlystartedtolookatthepaintingswhen

theteachersaiditwastimetoleavethemuseum.4.Theartistisalwaysdrawing;heisseldomseenwithoutanotebookinhishand.HardlyhadIstartedtolookatthepaintingswhentheteachersaiditwastimetoleavethemuseum.Theartistisalwaysdrawing;seldomisheseenwithoutanotebookinhishand.31精選2021版課件Emphasizingsentence

強調句一、強調句句型1、陳述句的強調句型：Itis/was+被強調部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當強調主語且主語指人）+其它部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.32精選2021版課件2、一般疑問句的強調句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?3、特殊疑問句的強調句型：被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?33精選2021版課件4、強調句例句：針對ImetLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.句子進行強調。ItwasIthat(who)metLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.（強調主語）ItwasLiMingthatImetattherailwaystationyesterday.（強調賓語）Itwasattherailway

stationthatImetLiMingyesterday.（強調地點狀語）ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.（強調時間狀語）34精選2021版課件5、注意：構成強調句的it本身沒有詞義；強調句中的連接詞一般只用that,who，即使在強調時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此，that,who不可省略；強調句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時，用Itwas…，其余的時態(tài)用Itis…35精選2021版課件二、not…until…句型的強調句1、句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調部分+that+其它部分e.g.普通句：Hedidn’tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.強調句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.

注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強調句型，till,until可通用；36精選2021版課件①如果主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)動詞，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…為止”。如：Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.②如果主句謂語動詞是瞬間動詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.37精選2021版課件②如果主句謂語動詞是瞬間動詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.38精選2021版課件三、謂語動詞的強調1、Itis/was…that…結構不能強調謂語，如果需要強調謂語時，用助動詞do/does或did。e.g.Dositdown.務必請坐。 Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他確實給你寫了信。Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.過馬路時，務必（千萬）要小心啊！2、注意：此種強調只用do/does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形39精選2021版課件PracticeTime1.Itisonlywhenyounearlylos