高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)課件

專題復(fù)習(xí)

動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概念結(jié)構(gòu)及用法主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)練習(xí)題主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的概念(1)他把門打開(kāi)了。Heopenedthedoor.（主動(dòng)句）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(2)門被他打開(kāi)了。（被動(dòng)句）The

door

was

opened

by

him.被動(dòng)原則：賓語(yǔ)提前，主語(yǔ)+by(由動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者/執(zhí)行者——?jiǎng)幼鞯某惺苷?被動(dòng)形式：bedone(過(guò)去分詞)漢語(yǔ)中表示被動(dòng)的詞：被/受/由/給……“把”字句與“被”字句被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及用法不同時(shí)態(tài)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+doneRiceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+doneThewindowwasbrokenbyhim.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+doneThegroundisbeingcleaned.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+doneTreeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastmonth.一般將來(lái)時(shí)will+be+doneAbuildingwillbebuiltinthefuture.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+doneHomeworkhasalreadybeenfinished.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+been+doneHehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatwriter.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)幾種句型一般疑問(wèn)句Be+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+（by）例：WastheTVmadeinChina？特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+（by）例：WherewastheTVmade否定句肯定句主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+（by）例：TheTVwasmadeinChina.主語(yǔ)+be+not+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+（by）例：TheTVwasnotmadeinChina.注：(1)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞，即V+賓語(yǔ)(2)如果不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi)必要指出，by可以省略。雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)（間賓、直賓）

Lucygavemeapen.間接賓語(yǔ)（通常為人/對(duì)象）直接賓語(yǔ)（通常為具體的東西）變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)Iwas

given

a

pen

by

Lucy.(強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象)Apenwasgivento

mebyLucy.（強(qiáng)調(diào)給的東西）用“for”:make/buy/get等。用“to”:give/send/lend/take等。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)（1）系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)：feel,seem,sound,taste,look,become,fall,get,remain,stay,turn等.例：Yourvoicesoundsgood.

你的嗓音很好聽(tīng)。Thisdishtastesdelicious.這道菜很美味。（2）動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)：need/require/want/deserve/beworthdoing=need/require/want/deserve/beworthtobedone例：Thebikeneedsrepairing.=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.自行車需要修理。（3）不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)：appear,die,end,cometrue,takeplace,breakout,happen,fail,sit,spread,occur,fallasleep等

（4）不定式表被動(dòng)：不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)與其前面的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.

例：Shehasanimportantthing

todo.她有一件重要的事情去做。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞或副詞不可省。不及物動(dòng)詞用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)本身具有的特點(diǎn)，無(wú)被動(dòng)“TOO…TOO…”結(jié)構(gòu)用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)常見(jiàn)句型搭配Badhabitshouldbegotridof.(of不可省)Theseclothessellwell.(此類不及物動(dòng)詞有：wash,write,sell,open等)Thisquestionistoodifficulttodealwith.Itissaid…據(jù)說(shuō)…Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知…Itisreported/supposed/hoped/suggestedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道/推測(cè)/希望/有人建議…Practicemakesperfect!“課堂小測(cè)”1.[2023全國(guó)甲卷]Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill

（employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【答案】beemployed2.[2023年1月浙江卷]Citizensofhighersocialclasses_____（permit）toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.【答案】werepermitted3.[2023全國(guó)乙卷]...I

(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.【答案】

wasamazed4.ThebookaboutAmericanPresidentLincolnisveryinterestingandworth

twice.(2017-25)A.toreadB.beingreadC.readingD.havingread【答案】C5.Theelectricfurnace

beforeitcanbeused.(2012-28)A.needsrepairingB.shouldbeinrepairC.mustrepairD.hastoberepairable【答案】A6.---Whatisthatterriblenoise,David---Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachinesinthenearbyplace.weretestedB.willbetestedC.arebeingtestedD.havebeentested【答案