MQ1捕食者與MQ9收割者無人戰(zhàn)機研究-麻省理工-MQ-1-Predator-MQ-9-Reaper-MIT

MQ-1Predator/MQ-9Reaper

UnmannedAircraftSystemsJeffreyW.Eggers,Col

Director,UASTransformation

AirForceCombatSupportOffice8Feb2008OneMan’sVision “Wehavejustwonawarwithalotofheroesflyingaroundinplanes.Thenextwarmaybefoughtbyairplaneswithnomeninthematall.Itcertainlywillbefoughtwithplanessofarsuperiortothosewehavenowthattherewillbenobasisforcomparison.Takeeverythingyou’velearnedaboutaviationinwar,throwitoutofthewindow,andlet’sgotoworkontomorrow’saviation.Itwillbedifferentfromanythingtheworldhaseverseen.”

GenHapArnold,USAAF

VJDay,1945

AFFamilyofSystemsSmallUASOperatorsRatedAviatorsMicroMan-PortableSmallLarge/TheaterCapableLowCapabilityHighCapabilityMulti-MissionPredator/ReaperSystemAircraftGroundControlStation(GCS)PredatorPrimary

SatelliteLink(PPSL)OperationsCenterMQ-1/MQ-9ComparisonMQ-1PredatorMQ-9ReaperA-10SizeC-172Size2x500lbbombs4xHellfireEndurance:

24HrsMaxSpeed:

120KtsMaxAltitude:

25,000Payload:

300LbsEndurance:

24HrsMaxSpeed:

240KtsMaxAltitude:

50,000Payload:

3000Lbs2xHellfireCurrentCombatCAPsTotalCombatCAPs-Predator:20

Reaper:

2RemoteSplitOperationsKuSatellitePPSL

CreechAFBMissionControlElementGCSOpsCtrLOS

OnlyLaunch&

Recovery

ElementFiberOpticsPredatorVideo

NetworkInTheaterCurrentOperationsLaser

DesignatorEO&IRCameraIRMarkerAGM-114PHellfireMQ-1BTacticalSystemsMulti-spectralTargetingSystemIRMarkerTargetCoordinationLaserRangefinderDesignator*

ForguidingweaponsLaserTargetMarker*

VisibleinNVGsMensuratedTarget

CoordinatesROVERVideo

DirecttoJTACTacticalDatalink

Link-16andSADLStandardJ-CASand

J-FireProceduresROVERvideo

showstargetJTACTargetDesignator

forLaserGuided

BombsandMissilesTarget

MarkingLaserforNVGs*PredatorcannotseeLRDsorLTMsfromotherproviders.CloseAirSupport-RaidCloseAirSupport–AnNajafFriendliesSniperCloseAirSupport–AnNajafDisasterReliefReliefOperationsCommercialSatelliteGCS*CreechAFBOpsCellROVER

FeedFiberOpticsNetworkReliefPersonnelGCS:GroundControlStationLRE:Launchandrecoveryelement

USNORTHCOMDeptHomelandSecurityPOTUSFMVKatrinaNewOrleansLRE*MQ-1toprovidefullmotionvideoatUSNORTHCOM’sdirectionintheeventofCONUScatastropheallpads,13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01ClrdKB07pad1-613KavoidBettyallpads,13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01ClrdKB07pad1-613KavoidBetty[02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK,stardustRTB0215NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01>c,kb01pd1-613k,bettyhot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK>c,stardust,clrd

hammond[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb,I’llseeifitisready[02:05]<CJTF-2>

targetdecksenttoyourJWICSemail[02:10]<Deadly_MC>gotit.startfromnorthorby#?[02:11]<CJTF-2>n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC>ontgt2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2>3pax

swsupportrqd

att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c,rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reportedshotsfiredsect23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03

activatedN361402W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike

44enroutetic03,QTplsactivatebettysfcto180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortarpoo[02:22]<Deadly01>LRE,werelowongas,expect0330handback[02:22]<LRE_P1>sb,letmecheck[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly,wecanhandlethat,justdon’tbelateoryou’llbumphamer22[02:25]<Deadly01>copy,wecanmakeitallpads,13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01ClrdKB07pad1-613KavoidBettyallpads,13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01ClrdKB07pad1-613KavoidBetty[02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK,stardustRTB0215NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01>c,kb01pd1-613k,bettyhot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK>c,stardust,clrd

hammond[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb,I’llseeifitisready[02:05]<CJTF-2>

targetdecksenttoyourJWICSemail[02:10]<Deadly_MC>gotit.startfromnorthorby#?[02:11]<CJTF-2>n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC>ontgt2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2>3pax

swsupportrqd

att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c,rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reportedshotsfiredsect23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03

activatedN361402W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike

44enroutetic03,QTplsactivatebettysfcto180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortarpoo[02:22]<Deadly01>LRE,werelowongas,expect0330handback[02:22]<LRE_P1>sb,letmecheck[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly,wecanhandlethat,justdon’tbelateoryou’llbumphamer22[02:25]<Deadly01>copy,wecanmakeitAircrewcollaboratesrealtimewithenduser,intelanalysts,cmdelements,airspacectrl,otheraircraft,groundforcesSecureUHF/VHF/FMradioandsecurecomputerchatSAprovidedonFalconVieww/airspacediagrams,Link-16,targetsets,tgtimagery,weather,msnplanningdata…MissionintegrationscreensNOTtiedintogndctrlstation!MissionCollaborationAIRCREWJTACHowtheMissionGetsDoneArmyTOCDCGSASOCCAOCLRECRCSOF

TOCSIPR

SA&CommJWICS

SA&CommPilot’sMission

IntegrationScreenkillbox6180-210[02:16]<QueenTk>SE31,sbcoordinating[02:16]]<Deadly01>QT,rqstkp01allpads,13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01ClrdKB01pad1-613KavoidBetty[02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK,stardustRTB0215NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01>c,kb01pd1-613k,bettyhot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK>c,stardust,clrd

hammond[01:55]<Deadly_MC>c,sb[01:57]<Deadly_MC>eta0220,doyouhavetargetlist?[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb,I’llseeifitisready[02:05]<CJTF-2>

targetdecksenttoyourJWICSemail[02:10]<Deadly_MC>gotit.startfromnorthorby#?[02:11]<CJTF-2>n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC>ontgt2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2>3pax

swsupportrqd

att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c,rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reportedshotsfiredsect23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03

activatedN361402W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike

44enroutetic03,QTplsactivatebettysfcto180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortarpooN361413W1140155[02:14]<QueenTk>rgr,

ROZBettyactivesfc-180ufnyourclrdGolfsector12K,readytohandover[02:21]]<MAC_P1>gotitthanks,copygolf@12[02:22]<Deadly01>LRE,werelowongas,expect0330handback[02:22]<LRE_P1>sb,letmecheck[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly,wecanhandlethat,justdon’tbelateoryou’llbumphamer22[02:25]<Deadly01>copy,wecanmakeitUNCLASSIFIEDUNCLASSIFIEDOperationsCenterHowtheMissionsareManagedOperations

SupervisorWeatherSeniorIntel

ManagerMsnCoordMsnCoordMsnCoordMsnCoordAirCrewAirCrewAirCrewAirCrewDCGSArmy

TOCDCGSMarine

TOCDCGSSOF

TOCDCGSSOF

TOCLRECAOCOperationsCenterManagessortiegeneration

andcrewassignmentProvidesmsncommand

situationalawareness

(SA)tomissioncrewsDistributesvideoand

tacticaldatalinktracksProvidesweatherand

intelsupporttomsnsSupportsaircraft

emergenciesand

msnretaskingsGlobalOperationsConceptDistributedOperations

CentrallyCoordinated

GloballyAppliedNDANGMQ-1TXANGMQ-1NYANGMQ-9CAANGMQ-1AZANG

MQ-142ATKS39Sq(UK)

MQ-915,17RS,

3rdSOS

MQ-1Global

OperationsCenterConsolidationandAllocation

ofCriticalResourcesAOR1Global

Operations

CenterAOR2AOR3GlobalOpsCenterMatchesdispersedresourcestomultiple

combatantforcesPresetallocationsand

alignmentfornormalopsRapidreallocationforweather,equipmentfailures,combatsurgeneedsMulti-AircraftControlStationrunfromops

centertofeedaircraft

toflyingunitsnearthetargetareaGeographicallySeparatedStatesideunitsPredatorSelfImageFromGalileotoPredator1609-GalileodiscoversmoonsofJupiter1655-LensusedtodiscoverTitan2006-MTS-BSensorDevelopmentofUASswillbealonganddifficultprocesstoo!

Butwemustleadtheway.WhyUAS?

MissionsThatAreDull

DirtyDangerousWasMissionsThatNeedNow

Integration

CollaborationPersistenceTied-In

Teamed-UpTenaciousConceptsinAutomationThemissiondrivestheautomationdesignAutomatetoEMPOWERnotreplaceaircrewAutonomous=BAD,HighlyAutomated=GoodHybridMulti-AircraftControlMulti-controlforlow-dynamicperiodsSingle-controlforhigh-dynamicperiodsHighAltitudeISRExampleScenarioImagepredefinedtargetsOccasionaladhoctargetsAltitudeabove60,000ftIdealforAutomationObjectivesclearandconsistentAbovemostweather,otheraircraft,mobilethreatsNotional:Real-worldenvironmentsandmissionscanbemuchmorecomplexSuppressionof

EnemyAirDefensesExampleScenarioElectronicallydetectandclassifythreatsystemsPredefinedsearchareaPredefinedrulesetforprioritizingandtargetingButimpactedbyWX,otheraircraft,threatsAirspacecontrolandWXreportingnotyetautomatedallthewaytotheaircraftChallengingforAutomationManyaspectscanbe

automated,butsome

stillcannotCloseAirSupportExampleScenarioFluidgroundenvironmentContinuallychangingobjectivesDifficulttoIDfriendly,enemy,andnon-combatantAirspaceandweaponsdeconflictioniscomplexCoordinationbyvoiceResultsproportionaltoperformance,divisionofattentioncancostlivesResistanttoAutomationVerydifficultenvironmenttocodifyNetworked

Multi-AircraftControlNetworked-Control

Allowsallaircrafttobemonitoredandcontrolledfromoneormore“Multi-AircraftControlStations”(MACS)andrapidlyswitchtotheAdvancedCockpitControlStationOneMind-OneMission

TheAdvanced