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FinancialManagementPPTEnglishCourseware目錄IntroductionFundamentalsofFinancialManagementFinancialstatementanalysisBudgetandfinancialplanInvestmentdecisionFinancialriskmanagement01IntroductionThiscoursewareintroducesthebasicknowledgeoffinancialmanagement,includingfinancialstatements,financialanalysis,financialplanning,investmentmanagement,riskmanagement,andsoonItaimstohelplearnersunderstandtheimportanceandnecessityoffinancialmanagementinenterprisemanagement,andprovidelearnerswiththeabilitytoanalyzeandsolvefinancialproblemsinpracticeCourseIntroductionMasterthebasicknowledgeandskillsoffinancialmanagementLearnhowtoanalyzeandsolvepracticalfinancialproblemsUnderstandtheimportanceandnecessityoffinancialmanagementinenterprisemanagementImprovelearners'abilitytodealwithfinancialmanagementinpracticeCourseobjectives02FundamentalsofFinancialManagementSummary:FinancialManagementistheprocessofoverseeingandmanagingthefinancialresourcesofanorganizationtoensureitsfinancialstabilityandlongtermsuccessDetaileddescription:FinancialManagementistheprocessofoverseeingandmanagingthefinancialresourcesofanorganization,includingfunds,assets,liabilities,andfinancialtransactionsThemaingoaloffinancialmanagementistoensurethefinancialstabilityandlong-termsuccessoftheorganizationItinvolvesmakingsoundfinancialdecisionsthatareinthebestinterestsoftheorganization,consideringfactorssuchasrisk,return,andliquidityDefinitionofFinancialManagementThegoalsoffinancialmanagementSummary:Thegoalsoffinancialmanagementaretoensurethefinancialstabilityandlongtermsuccessofanorganization,whilemeetingthefinancialneedsandexpectationsofstakeholdersDetaileddescription:Theprimarygoaloffinancialmanagementistoensurethefinancialstabilityandlong-termsuccessofanorganizationThisinvolvesachievingfinancialobjectives,maximizingbenefits,andbuildinglongtermvaluesAdditionally,financialmanagementmustmeetthefinancialneedsandexpectationsofstakeholders,suchasshareholders,credits,andinvestorsStakeholdershavedifferentinterestsandexpectationsthatmustbebalancedtoachieveoverallorganizationalsuccessPrinciplesofFinancialManagementSummary:Theprinciplesoffinancialmanagementincludetheprinciplesofpractice,transparency,accountability,andfairnessinallfinancialdecisionsandtransactionsDetaileddescription:TheprinciplesoffinancialmanagementarefundamentalguidingprinciplesformakingsoundfinancialdecisionsTheprincipleofpracticecallsfororganizationstotakeacarefulandpracticalapproachwhenmakingfinancialdecisions,consideringallrelevantrisksandreturnsTransparencyrequiresorganizationstoprovideclearandaccurateinformationabouttheirfinances,ensuringthatstakeholdershaveequalinformationtomakeinformeddecisionsAccountabilitydemandsthatorganizationsareheldresponsiblefortheirfinancialdecisionsandensureaccountabilityforanyactionstakenFinally,fairnessrequiresorganizationstoactinthebestinterestsofallstakeholders,ensuringequitytreatmentandrespectfortheirrights03FinancialstatementanalysisThebalancesheetisafinancialreportthatprovidesasnapshotofacompany'sfinancialpositionataspecificpointintimeItshowsthecompany'sassets,liabilities,andequity,andisusedtoassessthecompany'sfinancialhealthandsolvencyThebalancesheetispreparedattheendofeachaccountingperiodandisanimportanttoolforinvestorsandcreditstoevaluateacompany'sfinancialstrengthandcreditworthinessBalanceSheetTheincomestatement,alsoknownastheprofitandlossstatement,showstherevenueandexpensesgeneratedbyacompanyduringaspecificperiodoftimeItprovidesinformationonthecompany'sprofitability,operatingperformance,andcashflowTheincomestatementispreparedforeachaccountingperiodandisusedbyinvestors,credits,andmanagementtoassessthecompany'sfinancialperformanceandstrategicgoalsIncomestatementThecashflowstatementshowstheflowofcashintoandoutofacompanyduringaspecificperiodoftimeItprovidesinformationonthecompany'soperation,investment,andfinancingactivitiesandtheirimpactoncashflowThecashflowstatementisanimportanttoolforassessingacompany'sliquidity,solvency,andfinancialflexibilityItalsohelpsinvestorsandauditorsunderstandhowwellacompanymanagesitscashresourcesandgeneratescashfromoperationsCashflowstatement04BudgetandfinancialplanThisbudgetcoversongingbusinessoperations,includingcostsofgoodssold,expenses,andotheroperatingincomeandexpensesOperatingbudgetThisbudgetisusedformakingdecisionsaboutlarge,longterminvestments,suchasproperty,plant,andequipmentCapitalbudgetThisbudgetforecastscashinflowsandoutflows,helpingbusinessestomanagetheircashflowsandmakeinformeddecisionsabouttheirliquidityneedsCashbudgetThisbudgetforecaststheprofitabilityofthebusinessoveraspecificperiodoftime,allowingbusinessestoplanandmeettheirprofitabilitygoalsProfitbudgetTypesofbudgetsIdentifytheobjectivesandgoalsofthebusiness:ItisessentialtounderstandtheobjectivesandgoalsofthebusinessbeforepreparingabudgetThishelpstoalignthebudgetwiththeoverallstrategyoftheorganizationCollectdata:Gatheringhistoricaldataonsales,expenses,andotherrelevantinformationiscriticalforpreparingabudgetThisdatacanbeusedtoprojectfuturetrendsanddevelopamoreaccuratebudgetSettargets:Basedontheobjectivesandgoalsofthebusiness,setspecifictargetsforeachareacoveredinthebudgetThesetargetsshouldbeSMART(specific,measurable,achievable,relevant,andtimebound)BudgetpreparationmethodDevelopaplanPrepareaplanforachievingthesettargets,includingstrategiesforincreasingsales,reducingexpenses,andmanagingrisksThisplanshoulddetailtheactionsthatwillbetakentomeetthebudgetobjectivesReviewandreviseRegularlyreviewthebudgettoensureitremainsalignedwiththeobjectivesandgoalsofthebusinessMakenecessaryadjustmentsascirculationschangeornewinformationbecomesavailableBudgetpreparationmethodTheimportanceoffinancialplanningItprovidesdirection:Afinancialplanservesasaroadmap,guidingbusinessestowardstheirfinancialgoalsItidentifiesthefinancialobjectivesandmilestonestobeachieved,allowingbusinessestoplotacoursetowardstheirdesiredoutcomesItimprovesdecisionmaking:Afinancialplanenablesbusinessestomakeinformeddecisionsaboutresourceallocation,capitalinvestments,andothercriticalareasofoperationByanalyzingfinancialdataandprojectingfuturetrends,businessescanmakesoundstrategicchoicesthatalignwiththeirfinancialobjectivesItmanagesrisks:FinancialplanninghelpsbusinessesidentifyandmanagefinancialrisksItallowsthemtoprepareforpotentialchallenges,suchasmarketdownturnsorchangesinregulations,bydevelopingcontingencyplansandadjustingstrategiesaccordinglyItimprovescashflowmanagement:AwelltrainedfinancialplansafeguardsthatbusinesseshaveaclearunderstandingoftheircashinflowsandoutflowsThisenablesthemtomakeeffectivedecisionsaboutliquiditymanagement,includingdeterminingappropriatelevelsofcashreservesandmanagingshorttermborrowingneeds05InvestmentdecisionStepsforinvestmentdecisionmakingStep1:Identifyinvestmentobjectives:Definethegoalsandobjectivesoftheinvestment,consideringfactorssuchasrisktolerance,timehorizon,andreturnexpectationsStep2:Researchinvestmentoptions:Gatherinformationonvariousinvestmentoptions,includingstocks,bonds,mutualfunds,andotherfinancialinstrumentsStep3:Evaluateriskandreturn:Assesstheriskandpotentialreturnofeachinvestmentoption,consideringfactorssuchashistoricalperformance,volatility,anddividendyieldStep4:Balanceriskandreturn:ComparetheriskandreturnprofilesofdifferentinvestmentoptionsandselectthosethatbestmatchtheinvestmentobjectivesFinancialanalysisAnalyzethefinancialstatementsofaninvestment,includingincomestatement,balancesheet,andcashflowstatementtoassessitsperformanceandpotentialValuationmethodsDeterminethefairvalueofaninvestmentbyusingvariousvaluationtechniques,suchasdiscountedcashflowanalysis,relativevaluation,andinitialvaluationRiskassessmentAssesstheriskassociatedwithaninvestmentbyconsideringfactorssuchasmarketrisk,creditrisk,andoperationalriskInvestmentevaluationmethodsRiskdiversification01DistributeinvestmentsacrossdifferentassetclassesandmarketsegmentstoreducetheoverallriskoftheportfolioReturnoptimization02MaximizethereturnoftheportfoliowhileconsideringtherisktoleranceleveloftheinvestorPortfoliorebalancing03Regularlyadjusttheallocationofassetsintheportfoliotomaintainthedesiredrisk/returnprofileandensurethatitalignswiththeinvestmentobjectivesBalancingriskandreturn06FinancialriskmanagementDefinition:Financialrisksrefertot

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