牛津英語-8B-UNIT1-Grammar課件

Unit11Unit1Pastandpresent2GrammarPresentperfecttense3AnswersomequestionsabouttheconversationbetweenMrChenandMillie.RevisionModel1:HasSunshineTownchangedalot?Yes,ithas.Model2:HaveMrChenandhiswifemovedoutofthetown?No,theyhaven’t.4Questions:1.Hasthegovernmentbuiltanewpark?

2.HavemostofMrChen’soldfriendsmovedaway?3.Hasitbecomeimpossibleforthemtoseeeachotherasoftenasbefore?Yes,ithas.Yes,theyhave.Yes,ithas.5ThePresentPerfectTense（現(xiàn)在完成時）1.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.e.g.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.

Shehasworkedinthisfactoryfornineyears.62.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappenedinthepastandhaveaconnectionwiththepresent.e.g.EddiehasjusteatenHobo’sfood.(Eddieatethefood,andnowHobohasnothingtoeat.)

Ihavealreadyseenthefilm?(IsawthefilminthepastandnowIstillremembersomethingaboutthefilm.)73.Wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow.e.g.

Ihavealreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.MrChenhasbeentotheUSAtwice.

8I/You/We/Theyhave

arrived.He/She/Ithas4.Wemakepositivestatementsinthepresentperfecttenselikethis:95.Wemakenegativestatementsinthepresentperfecttenselikethis:I/You/We/Theyhavenotarrived.He/She/Ithashavenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t106.Weaskandanswerquestionsusingthepresentperfecttenselikethis:HaveI/you/we/theyarrived?Hashe/she/itYes,I/you/we/theyhave.he/she/ithas.No,I/you/we/theyhaven’t.he/she/ithasn’t.117.Weformthepastparticiplesofregularverbsbyadding-ed,justaswhatwedotoformthesimplepasttenseoftheseverbs.12Mostverbs+edfinish→finishedVerbsendingin-e+d

change→changedVerbsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iedcarry→carriedShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantdoubletheconsonant+edstop→stopped138.Weformthepastparticiplesofirregularverbsdifferently.Herearesomeexamples.14Nochangecome→comehurt→hurtChangethevowelhold→heldwin→wonChangetheconsonantlend→lentbuild→builtChangethevowel(s)andtheconsonant(s)catch→caughtkeep→keptforget→forgottentell→toldOthersbe→beenhave→hadfall→fallenfly→flowndraw→drawnsee→seen15Thefollowingshowsmoreexamplesofthepastparticiplesofsomeverbs.visitrepairlivemovetrystudyfitplanvisited

repaired

livedmovedtried

studiedfittedplannedBaseformPastparticipleBaseformPastparticiplehitputmeetmakesellgivewritethinkhitputmetmadesoldgivenwrittenthought16AshorttestWritethepastparticiplesoftheverbsbelow.borrowplansayhopecrygrowmakesendhitgetwatchenjoyborrowedhopedmadegottenplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrownhitenjoyed17Completethesentencesbelowusingthepresentperfecttense.1.They_____________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John____never______(visit)China.3.MrLi____________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4.We____________(notsee)eachother foryears.havefinishedhasvisitedhasrepairedhaven’tseen185.Myparents_____________(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher__________(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.haven’tcomehastaught19Completetheconversation.Usethecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Millie:______you_____(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?Sandy:No,Ihaven’t.Whataboutyou?Millie:I_____(see)onelastSaturday.Sandy:What’sitabout?Haveseensaw20Millie:It’saboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I____________(learn)moreaboutBeijing’spastandpresent.Sandy:Oh,IthinkI__________(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain?Millie:Yes,I’dliketo.havelearnthaveheard21一、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：1.現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句句型：

主語+have/has+過去分詞…e.g.HehaslivedinBeijingfortenyears.

Ihavefinishedmyhomework.2.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句型：

主語+have/has+not+過去分詞…e.g.I

havenotseen

themovieyet.He

hasn’tbeen

toBeijingsincethen.語法小結(jié)223.現(xiàn)在完成時一般疑問句的構(gòu)成：

Have/Has+主語+過去分詞…?Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.e.g.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.★haven’t=havenothasn’t=hasnotI’ve=IhaveHe’s=Hehas23Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時

用法一：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.強調(diào)過去動作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系.24Adverbsoftime

1.already（肯）yet（否/疑）Ihavealreadydonemyhomework.Ihaven’tdonemyhomeworkyet.Haveyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?251.Theboyhasalreadygonehome.（一般疑問句）

__________________________________

2.Thegirlhasnotgivenittomeyet.（改為肯定句）

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3.TheyhavevisitedtheIceIslandalready.（改為否定句和一般疑問句）

——————————————————句型轉(zhuǎn)換Hastheboygonehomeyet?Thegirlhasalreadygivenittome.Theyhaven’tvisitedtheIceIslandyet.HavetheyvisitedtheIceIslandyet?26Adverbsoftime

2.everneverjustrecentlyHaveyouever

beentoLondon?ThisisthebeststorythatIhaveeverread.Ihaveneverseenthisfilm.Shehas

just

gonetothelibrary.Hehasn’theardfromhisfatherrecently.27Adverbsoftime

3.beforeuptonow（直到現(xiàn)在）

sofar（到目前為止）

bynow（到現(xiàn)在為止）

in/over/duringthepast/last+時間（在過去的…中）28Adverbsoftime

4.once/twice…Ihaveseenthefilmtwice.

5.This/Itisthefirsttime…Itisthefirsttimehehasdrivenacar.29用法二：

for+時間段

since+時間點

since+句子（一般過去時）

Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過去開始的動作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。動詞使用延續(xù)性動詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間連用。30用正確時態(tài)填空Hurryup!Lunch________already_________(begin).________heever_________(ride)abike?Liming________(hurt)hisarmlastweek.He________already________(stay)inbedforfivedays.Yesterday,she________(buy)onebookinthebookshop.She___________(notread)itsincethen.I________already_________(lose)mypen.I_________(buy)ittwodaysago.He___________(wait)foranhour.I________________(notfinish)theworkyet.___________you________(know)himsincethen?haswaitedhaven’tfinishedHaveknownhurthasbegunHasriddenhasstayedboughthasn’treadhavelostbought319.We___________(be)theremanytimesinthepast3years.10.Howlong________you__________(stay)athomeyet?11.He___________(notread)thebookbefore.I___________(hear)frommybrotherrecently.

Hersister_________(go)toChangchun.She______(leave)thismorning.He___________(live)inhishometownsincehelefthere.Thewriter______________(finish)severalstory-bookssince1990.haveheardhavebeenhavestayedhasn’treadhasgonelefthaslivedhasfinished32PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.你已經(jīng)制作好生日賀卡了嗎？

_______________________makingthebirthdaycard______?2.我已經(jīng)吃過早飯了，現(xiàn)在一點也不餓。I______________________breakfast,

andnowIamnothungryatall.3.—你這周日準備做什么？—還沒決定?！猈hatareyougoingtodothisSunday?—I__________________.havealreadyeatenHaveyou finishedyet haven’tdecidedyet334.—你讀過《哈利·波特》這本書么？

—是的，我已經(jīng)讀過好多遍了。

—_____you_____thebookHarryPorter?—Yes,I__________________itseveraltimes.5.自從1978年以來，他一直住在這兒。

He__________heresince1978.

Havereadhavealreadyreadhasliv