初中八年級英語課件現(xiàn)在完成時“黃岡賽”一等獎

-----現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)語法課判斷下列句子的時態(tài)1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyoudoingyourhomework?一般現(xiàn)在時過去進行時一般將來時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時已學習過的時態(tài)1.v原形2.v三單名稱時間動詞形式一般現(xiàn)在時經(jīng)常、反復現(xiàn)在進行時正在進行一般將來時即將，計劃1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形一般過去時過去（與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)）1.v-ed（規(guī)則動詞）2.不規(guī)則動詞過去進行時過去某一時間，正在進行was/were+v-ingam/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v原形2.begoingto+v原形3.be+ving1.v-ed（規(guī)則動詞）2.不規(guī)則動詞was/were+v-ing現(xiàn)在完成時

主菜單上一頁下一頁現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語短暫性動詞與時間段的關(guān)系havebeen與havegone比較與一般過去時的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法上一頁下一頁--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人剛把燈關(guān)了,對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:現(xiàn)在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree(我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空)主菜單1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與just,already,yet,ever,never，before

連用,強調(diào)動作完成,不強調(diào)動作的持續(xù).肯定句用already,疑問句用yet.yet，before多放句尾，其他放時前

2.現(xiàn)在完成時動詞構(gòu)成:

have/has

+v過去分詞

助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou……?Hashe……?動詞的過去分詞形式1.規(guī)則動詞2.不規(guī)則動詞finish--finished--finishedlive--lived--livedcarry--carried--carriedstop—stopped--stoppedeg.go—went—gonesee---saw—seenforget—forgot--forgottenI,finish,homeworkIhaven’t

finishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Haveyoualreadyhaddinner?Hashejustfinishedhishomework?Hasmumcookedthedinner?HasSusanlearnedEnglishatschool?把下列句子改為一般疑問句I’vealreadyhaddinner.I________________dinner________.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.He________________hishomework_____.3.Mum’scookedthedinner.Mum_______________thedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Susan________________Englishatschool.haven’thadyethasn’t

finishedyethasn’tcookedhasn’tlearned把下列句子改為否定句Thehouseisdirty.We_______itforweeks.

Adidn’tcleanBhadn’tcleanedCdon’tcleanDhaven’tcleaned

2.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.

A.hadmetBhavemetCmetDmeet

3.-----WillyougotoBeijingforvacation?

-----I_______togo,butIdon’tknowifIcango.

AwasplanningBhaveplannedChadbeenplanningDhavebeenplanning

選擇填空4.--Whenwilltheyleave?

---They______verysoon.

AdoleaveBareleavingChaveleftDleave

5.

Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth____round.AisBwouldCwasDwere

6.She_______suchaninterestingbookbefore.

AwasneverreadingBwillneverreadChadneverreadDhasneverread

7.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting______

AislastingBislastedCwilllastDlasts

動詞填空：1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(come)here?Once.HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavecomeI’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner..4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.

Whathaveyoualreadydone?Whathashejustdone?Whohascookedthedinner?WherehasSusanlearnedEnglish?對劃線部分提問現(xiàn)在完成時（二）現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞hadbreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2010IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforfouryears.Ihavelivedheresince2010/fouryearsago.

now1.用法肯定句式：have（has）＋過去分詞否定句式：havenot(haven’t)+過去分詞hasnot(hasn’t)+過去分詞

疑問句式：Have/has+主語+過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時的句式上一頁下一頁IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已經(jīng)學了10多年的英語。(從10年前開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在學)Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已經(jīng)游泳了半個小時(半個小時前已經(jīng)開始游泳,到現(xiàn)在還在游)現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法主菜單2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的，也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。常與since+過去的時間點，for+一段時間，sofar等時間狀語連用。選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttimeforsinceforsinceforsincehavebeen與havegone的用法比較

havebeento意思是“到過，去過”，表示曾經(jīng)到過某處，但現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。havegoneto

意思是“去了”，表示已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。havebeenin

意思是“呆在某處一段時間了”上一頁下一頁主菜單1.HassheeverbeentoNanjing?她曾去過南京嗎？

2.Youhavenever

beenthere,haveyou?你以前從未去過那兒，是嗎？

3.IhavebeentoGuiling,Iwenttherelastyear.我去過桂林，我去年去的。

4.ShehasgonetoNanjing.

她已經(jīng)去南京了。上一頁下一頁主菜單用Havebeento,havegoneto,

havebeenin填空Mikeandhisparents__________thenorthforhalfayear.Mumisnotathomenow.she_________theshop.______youever_____tokunming?Never.Where_____you______thesedays?HasJimarrivedyet?Yes,he_______hereforseveraldays.WhereisPeter?Idon’tknowwherehe________.HiJim!Where_____you_____?LiLeiislookingforyou.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeenhasbeenhasgonehavebeen下一頁上一頁主菜單4.I_______(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_______(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.______youever_______(ride)ahorse?Never.9.He________(keep)thebooksincetwodaysago.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgaveHaveriddenhaskept短暫性動詞與時間段的關(guān)系

●短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與時間段連用，這些動詞是：①become,

②begin,③buy,④borrow,

⑤come(go,arrive),⑥die,⑦finish,⑧join,⑨leave,等。上一頁下一頁●在完成式中表述這種意思,我們常用相應的延續(xù)性動詞來代替短暫性動詞。主菜單

●但在否定句中，短暫性動詞可以與時間段連用。如：Ihaven’tboughtthebikeforayear.我買這輛自行車還不到一年。Shehasn’tcomehereforanhour.她來這兒還沒有一個小時。上一頁下一頁主菜單

become→be,begin→have,borrow→keep,buy→have,come(go,arrive,get)→

behere/there/in…，

die→be

dead,

finish→beover,join→bein…beamemberof…）

leave→beaway(from…),下一頁上一頁主菜單

翻譯練習：

1.我買了這塊手表五年了。

2.這位老人已經(jīng)死了十年了。

Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.

Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10

yearsago.WW下一頁上一頁主菜單

3.他已經(jīng)回來三天了。

4.自從六點鐘他就來這兒了。

5.我離開家鄉(xiāng)已十年了。

Hehascomebackfor3days.

Hehasbeenback

for3days/since3daysago.

Hehascomeheresince6o’clock.

Hehasbeenheresince6o’clock.

Ihavelefthometownfor10years.Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.WWW下一頁上一頁主菜單與一般過去時的用法比較一.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時注意的不是事情本身，而是強調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一般過去時，則只講述發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。

上一頁下一頁主菜單eg：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。

HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾買過一本英漢字典。上一頁下一頁

第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)，想表達意為：“HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Andhestillhasit”

“過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典”。

第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強調(diào)說明。主菜單二．時間狀語的區(qū)別：當有一個表示過去某一特定時間的狀語時，不用現(xiàn)在完成時，而用一般過去時:上一頁下一頁eg:

Isawthefilmontelevisionyesterday.

現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時總是與since+時間點，for+時間段連用。eg：

Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.

Sincehewasachild,