2023學(xué)年完整公開課版HNU-Howtowritearesearchpaper-March2017

Howtowritearesearchpaper王翠珍南卡大學(xué)地理系，副教授UniversityofSouthCarolina,USACwang@

Yourgraduateresearch(PhDorMS)Whatistheresearchquestiontosolve?Whatisthegoalofyourresearch?Whataretheobjective(s)ofyourresearch?Paper1,2,3…What?How?Why?And…IntroductionStudyarea&datasetsApproachesResultsDiscussion(Acknowledgement)ReferencesMaterialsandmethodologyConclusionAbstractAbstractInthefirst1-2sentences,pointoutthesignificanceofyourresearch;Whatisyourstudydoing?;Studyarea;Briefsummaryofapproaches;Briefresults;Finally,impactsofyourresearch.Itisashort-versionofyourmanuscript.Isuggestyouworkonthispieceafteryourfullversionisdrafted.IntroductionStartfromthesignificanceofyourresearch;Literaturereview:whatpaststudieshavedone?Groupthemintoafewcategories:e.g.field-basedvs.remotesensing;empiricalvs.physicalmodels;…Whatisthe“problem(s)”thathasnotbeensolved?Lastparagraph:pointoutyourresearchgoal–thisstudyisto….(whatyouhavedonetosolvethequestionsabove).Itspotentialusage/importance.Thelastparagraphisveryimportant!MaterialsandmethodologyStudyareaDatasets:primarydata;publishedgrab-to-usedata(DEM;LULCmaps;historicalmaps,etc.);groundtruth；accessorydata(groundstationdata;points;demographicdata,etc.)Approaches:usuallygiveashortparagraphtosummarizeyourmethods,thensub-sectionsonebyone.Ipersonallydonotlikeaproject-styleflowchartin“Approach”.ResultsMatchingyourapproachsections;oftensectionbysection;Balancednumberoffigures,tablesand/orcharts;Detailed

descriptionforeachfigure/table;Usually“accuracy/uncertainty/sensitivityanalysis”isamust-to-do;oftenfollowingyourmapping/modelingoutputs.Detaileddescriptionsofyouroutputs.Notsimply“看圖說話“.DiscussionCouldbe“ResultsandDiscussion”orindependent;Donotunder-credityourwork;Speakoutthesignificanceofyourresults;havetheyansweredyourresearchquestions;Agreeornotwithpaststudies:ifyes–how;ifno–why….;ProsandConsfutureimprovement;Towarpup:scaleup

potentialcontributiontootherstudies;extendableapplications.Thissectionisprobablythe“hardest”pieceforallyoungscholars.ConclusionIthasbeencommonforRSpaperstohaveastand-alone“Conclusion”;Couldbejustoneshortparagraphtowrapupyourstudy,and/oritemizeyourfindingsonebyone;Summarize1)whatyouhavedone;2)primaryfindings;then3)broadimpactsofyou