新教材英語選擇性課時作業(yè)（九）Unit3TimeschangeSectionⅢDevelopingideasPresentingideas

課時作業(yè)(九)Unit3SectionⅢDevelopingideas,Presentingideas&Reflection閱讀理解ASurroundedbytheseaoffthecoastinMid-Norway,thereisanislandcalledMyken.Thissmallislandhasabouttenpermanentresidents,andformorethan50yearshasbeensuppliedwithelectricityviaa32-kilometreunderseacable(電纜).Abreakthatappearedinthecablelastautumnresultedintwomonthswithoutpower,sotheislandmunitystartedlookingintoabetterwayofsourcingtheirelectricity.“Mykenisfaroutatsea,soasfaraspossibleitshouldbetakingcareofthingsitself，”saysTrudeTokle,whoistheprojectmanagerofMyken'senergyproject.“ThisiswhywewantMykentobeeentirelyself-sufficientinenergy.Itisalsoimportanttotaketheenvironmentintoconsideration，”shesays.Manypointtotheideathatthesolutionmaylieinahydrogen(氫)plant,specificallytailoredforsmallislands.The“rawmaterials”forhydrogenproductionefromnatureitselfintheformofthesunandwind,Researchershavecalculatedthatenergycostswillbelowerbyusinghydrogenproductionthantheunderseacableoption.Anditispossibletostoreenergyintheformofhydrogenforlongerperiods.Thismeansthatsupplieswillnothavetorelyonalotofexpensivebatteriesorexternalenergysources,evenduringperiodswhenthesunisn'tshining,orthewindisn'tblowing.TheMykenprojecthasattractedseveraltechnologypanies.Theyarecurrentlyworkingonapilotproject.Theprojectinvolvesexperimentsonthefeasibility(可行性)ofthehydrogensysteminwhichelectricityisgeneratedfromsolarandwindsources.Theelectricitycanbeusedimmediately,butduringperiodswhenalltheenergygeneratedisnotrequired,thespareenergycanbeusedtosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygen.Thehydrogencanbestoredinatank,andusedlatertogenerateelectricity.Thepilotprojectwillhelpresearchersknowmoreabouthoweffectivelythesystemwillworkinthehydrogenplant.Sincetheislandhasadistillery(釀酒廠),wherethedistillation(蒸餾)processreliesonenergy,ahydrogenplantonMykenoffersanevengreaterenvironmentalbenefit.Spareheatfromthehydrogensystemcanalsobeusedfortheheatingpartinthedistillationprocess.“InNorwayalonethereareabout300islandsinhabitedallyearroundbysmallpopulations，”saysKyrreSundseth,ahydrogenresearcherinNorway.“Alloftheseislandsmaybecandidatesforusingthistechnology.Inglobaltermswe'retalkingabout10,000similarislands.”1．WhyisahydrogenplantsuitableforMyken?A．Itisperfectinsizeforsmallislands.B．Itcansendelectricitytofarawayplaces.C．Itwillrestorelocalnaturalenvironment.D．Itprovidesgreenandsustainableenergy.2．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A．Thestudyontheenergystorage.B．Thetestonthehydrogensystem.C．Theexperimentontherawmaterials.D．Theresearchontheinnovationofthepilotproject.3．Accordingtothepassage,ahydrogenplantwill________.A．producepurifiedseawaterB．provemoreeffectiveworkC．contributeinmorethanonewayD．benefitfromthedistillationprocess4．WhatdoesKyrreSundseththinkoftheproject?A．Promising.B．Systematic.C．Irreplaceable.D．Timesaving.BHaveyouheardaboutPostOfficeCatsinBritain?Theyaremousehunters.Thepostofficehasactuallyemployedcatssince1868.Theyarenotemployedtosortordelivermail,ofcourse,buttoprotectthemailandkeepthepopulationofmiceundercontrol.Theymakesureyourmorningpostarrivesfreefromdamagecausedbyratsandmice.Londonpostofficeswerethefirsttotryouttheexperiment.Withinafewmonthsthepopulationofmicehadshrunksharply.Otherpostofficesalloverthecountryweresoonusingcatsinthewaragainstratsandmiceaswell.Withintenyearsthepayofthecatswasimprovedfromoneandahalfoldpenceadaytosixorninepenceaday.Nowtheaveragerateofpayisaboutafewpoundsamonth.Someofthehard-workingcatshavebeequitefamous.In1980,acatnamedLuckystoppedanattemptedrobberyinaWorcestershirepostofficeonherown.Asthetwoburglarsmadetheirwayinthroughthewindow,Luckystartedanattackandtheyfledempty-handed.AnotherexcellentcatwasJerryoftheEarlsCourtpostofficeinLondon.Heservedthebuildingfor16yearsandwasondutyfor24hourseveryday.Hedroveallthemiceaway.However,therearefewercatsemployedbythepostofficethanatanytimeinthepast.Withthefastermovementofthemailandbettersurroundings,postofficecatsarenotalwaysneeded.Butmanypostofficesstillemploythemandtheybeegreatfriendswiththepostmen.Accordingtothepostoffice,thereisnoplanfortheirservicestobediscontinuedintheforeseeablefuture.5．CatswereintroducedtoBritishpostofficesto________.A．helpsortanddelivermailandpapersB．guardthebuildingagainstthievesC．keepmailandpapersundamagedD．searchforcertaindangersinmail6．Theunderlinedword“shrunk”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．decreasedB．increasedC．narrowedD．expanded7．ThecatnamedLuckybecamefamousbecause________.A．sheservedthepostofficefor16yearsaroundtheclockB．shealonedrovetwoburglarsawayfromthepostofficeC．sheprotectedmailfrombeingbittenbymiceD．shewasemployedtosortanddelivermail8．Wemaylearnfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．thedutyofthecatshasbeenreplacedbymachinesB．a(chǎn)llthepostofficesarenowpletelymicefreeC．catsarenowconsideredoflittleuseinpostofficesD．catswillstillbeseeninserviceforquitealongtimeCThereisanoldsayingthatAmericaandBritainaretwonationsdividedbyamonlanguage.Nooneknowsexactlywhosaidthis,butitreflectsthewaymanyBritonsfeelaboutAmericanEnglish.ButareAmericanandBritishEnglishreallysodifferent?VocabularyThemostobviousdifferencebetweenAmericanandBritishEnglishisvocabulary.Therearehundredsofeverydaywordsthataredifferent.Forexample,AmericansgoonvacationwhileBritonsgoonholiday;NewYorkersliveinapartmentswhileLondonersliveinflats.Therearefarmoreexamplesthanwecantalkabouthere.Fortunately,mostAmericansandBritonscanusuallyguessthemeaningthroughthecontextofasentence.PastTenseYou'llalsofindsomedifferencesinpastformsofirregularverbs.Thepasttenseof“l(fā)earn”inAmericanEnglishis“l(fā)earned”，whileBritishEnglishhastheoptionof“l(fā)earned”or“l(fā)earnt”.Thesameruleappliesto“dreamed”and“dreamt”，“burned”and“burnt”，and“l(fā)eaned”and“l(fā)eant”.Americanstendtousethe“-ed”ending;Britonstendtousethe“-t”ending.SpellingTherearehundredsofslightspellingdifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish.NoahWebster,anAmericanauthor,politicianandteacher,madeanefforttoreformtheEnglishspellinginthelate1700s.Websterwantedtospellwordsthewaytheysounded.YoucanseeWebster'slegacy(遺產(chǎn))intheAmericanspellingofwordslikecolor(fromcolour),honor(fromhonour),andlabor(fromlabour)．BritishandAmericanEnglishhavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Withtheexceptionofsomeregionaldialects,mostBritonsandAmericanscanunderstandeachotherwithouttoomuchdifficulty.Theywatcheachother'sTVshows,singeachother'ssongsandreadeachother'sbooks.Theyevenmakefunofeachother'saccents.9．WhichofthefollowingisagroupofAmericanwords?A．Vacation;holiday.B．Apartment;flat.C．Vacation;apartment.D．Holiday;flat.10．Theunderlinedword“option”inParagraph3canbereplacedby________.A．choiceB．changeC．structureD．use11．WhatdoweknowaboutBritishandAmericanEnglishfromthelastparagraph?A．Theybothhavesomestrangewords.B．Theyareaffectingpeopleusingthem.C．Theyconnectpeopleofthetwocountries.D．Theirdifferenceshavelittleeffectonmunication.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WaystotellBritishEnglishfromAmericanEnglishB．DifferencesbetweenBritishandAmericanEnglishC．DevelopmentofBritishandAmericanEnglishD．DifficultyforBritonsandAmericansinunderstandingeachother課時作業(yè)(九)閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】挪威一個叫Myken的地方利用自身地理條件建立氫氣發(fā)電站，實現(xiàn)了自給自足的環(huán)保發(fā)電。1．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段以及第三段中The“‘rawmaterials’forhydrogenproductionefromnatureitselfintheformofthesunandwind...underseacableoption.可知，Myken地理位置特殊，接電纜耗資大，而且沒有完全的保障，氫氣發(fā)電站環(huán)保又耗資小。2．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知Myken的方案吸引了好幾家科技公司，他們目前在進行試行項目。也就是說，方案現(xiàn)在處于試驗性階段。3．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，氫氣發(fā)電站除了發(fā)電還可以有其他用處，由此推斷，氫氣發(fā)電站在許多方面都做出了貢獻。故選C項。4．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，單單挪威就有大約300個島長年只有少部分人居住，這些島也許是適合使用這一技術(shù)的。從全球來看，大約有10,000個類似的島。他的字里行間都表達了這一技術(shù)有很大的市場，即他認為這一方案有前途，有前景。B【語篇解讀】本文介紹了英國的郵局先前使用貓防止郵件被老鼠毀壞，現(xiàn)在郵局里幾乎沒有老鼠了，但郵局還會繼續(xù)使用貓。5．答案與解析：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyarenotemployedtosortordelivermail,ofcourse,buttoprotectthemailandkeepthepopulationofmiceundercontrol.”可知，英國郵局引進貓是為了防止郵件被老鼠破壞。6．