河南省南陽市2023-2024學年高一上冊期末測試英語模擬試題（附答案）

河南省南陽市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末測試英語模擬試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共4小題）FourBooksaboutSuperScientistsYou’llfindthelivesofthesetopmindstobeasinspiringastheyareexcitinginthefollowingbooks.TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuringSecondWorldWarcode-breakerAlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland’snew￡50noteasacomputerpioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshimfromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthemostimportantscientistsinhistory.100ScientistsWhoMadeHistoryBringingtogethermini-biographiesof100scientistsandinnovators,thisbookwillgiveyouanoverviewofthehistoryofscience.Includingastronauts,biologists,chemists,coders,doctorsandphysicists,itfeaturesfunfactsabouteveryonefromHippocratesandLeonardodaVincithroughtoMarieCurieandStephenHawking.RosalindFranklin:ALifeStoryRosalindFranklinwasthescientistwhosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattellsyourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop—wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.Thisbookshinesalightontheextraordinarystoryofherlifeandachievements,usingtimelines,illustrationsandfascinatingfacts.40InspiringIcons:SuperScientistsEachpartofthiscolourfulillustratedbookintroducesyoutoadifferent“superscientist”andtheirdiscoveries.Thisisafunandeasywaytolearnaboutallsortsofideas,includingLouisPasteur’svaccinationsandAdaLovelace’sinventionofmysteriouscodes.1．Whosecontributionwasrecognisedafterdeath?A．MarieCurie’s. B．LouisPasteur’s. C．RosalindFranklin’s. D．StephenHawking’s.2．Whichbookwillattractreaderswhoareinterestedincomputerscience?A．RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory B．100ScientistsWhoMadeHistoryC．40InspiringIcons:SuperScientists D．TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring3．Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?A．Inanovel. B．Inamagazine. C．Inabiography. D．Inadiary.Natehadspentmostofhisseventyyearsinthewoods.Asayoungman,hehadthealternativeofworkinginthecitywithhisbrother.Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimselffromothersandfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.BecauseNatehadlivedaloneforsolong,hisbehaviorwasunpredictable.Forexample,oneminutehe’dbeveryquiet,andthenexthe’dtalkabouthisyouth.Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthroughtheyears.Iwilltellyouaninterestingstorythatshowshowwisehewasaboutthewoodsandhowmiserly(吝嗇的)hecouldbewithwords.OneeveningNate,mycousinArthur,andIwerecrossingagrassland.Arthur’sinterestinsomelittlewhitemushroomsthatweregrowingthereledtothisdialogue:“Thesemushroomslooksogood,”saidArthur.“Didyoueverusethem,Nate?”“Yep,”saidNate.“Mymomusedtocookthemup.”“Great!”saidArthur.Nate’swordsseemedtostrengthenArthursdesireforthosemushrooms.Hegatheredaboutahundredofthem.“Howdidshepreparethem?”heaskedNate.“Cookedthemupinsugarwater.”“Really?Andthenyouatethemthatway?”“Atethem?”Natewashorrified.“Youcrazy?Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”4．WhichcanmakeNatehappier?A．Workinginthecity. B．Quittingflushtoilets.C．Usingelectricblankets. D．Enjoyingsunrisesinthewoods.5．Nateisamanwith________.A．a(chǎn)mbition B．courage C．knowledge D．imagination6．Whatdoweknowaboutthewhitemushrooms?A．Theyweredelicious. B．Nateatethemveryoften.C．Theymightbepoisonous. D．Arthur’smotherusedtocookthem.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FarFromNature B．WhiteMushrooms C．NatetheWoodsman D．AdvantagesofUrbanLifeOverthenext20years,wearegoingtosendmoreandbetterrobotstoMars.Thoserobotswillsendbackbetterpictures,maps,samples,andweatherreports.Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.BeforepeoplecanvisitMars,weneedtoinventaceshipthatcantakeusthere.Marsisveryfaraway.DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbits(軌道)aroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.Themoonismuchcloser,andwewerethere,25yearsago.Overthenext10years,wearegoingtoworkonbuildinganewcecraftthatcangotothemoon.Usingthiscraft,wewillpractisetheskillsweneedtogotoMars.Oncewegettothemoon,wearegoingtobuildastationsothatpeoplecanliveandworkonthemoonformonthsatatime.ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars,butitisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.Bythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeanastronaut,wewillhavepeoplespendingmonthsonthemoon.BythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeacommanderofacemissionwewillbetakingtripstoMars.Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.Wouldn’titbecooltogetapostcardfromsomeonewhowasbuildingahouseonMars?Wouldn’titbecoolerifitwasyouwhosentthepostcard?8．WeeventuallyhavetosendpeopletoMarsbecause_________.A．thepicturesthatrobotshavesentbackarenotveryclearB．robotscan’ttellusallwewanttoknowC．robotsarecontrolledbyushumansD．thesamplesrobotshavesentbackarenotgoodenough9．FromthefirstparagraphwecanseethedistancebetweenEarthandMars________.A．isnotalwaysthesameB．isnearlythesameC．isunchangeableD．neverchangesverymuch10．Acestationonthemoonisimportantbecause________.A．peoplecanlearntoadapttolivingonotherplanetsB．peoplecanpractiseplantingcropsinitC．thenewcecraftcanonlylandinitD．a(chǎn)stronautscanpractiseskillstheyneedtogotoMars11．Theauthorofthepassage________.A．thinksthattripstothemoonareanunrealisticdreamB．encourageskidstobeastronautsC．hopestoreceiveapostcardfromMarsD．issurepeople’sdreamoflivingonMarswillcometrueThesituationoftheworld’splantsisnotgood.Onefifthofthekindsofplantsareindangerofdisappearing,accordingtoareport.“Plantsareveryvitaltohumanbeings,”saidKathyWillis,wholedthenewreport.“Plantsprovideuswitheverything—food,fuel,andmedicine,andtheyareveryimportantforourclimatecontrolling.Withoutplantswewouldnotbehere.”Thegoodnewsisthatdeforestationratesaroundtheworldhavedroppedlargelysincethe1950s.However,thisreportonthehealthofplantsaroundtheworldshowsthatthereismuchmoretobedone.Thereportpredictsthattherearenow390,900kindsofplants.Andabout21percentofthoseplantsareindangerofdisappearing.“Thegoodsideisthatwe’restilldiscoveringlotsofnewplants,about2,000eachyear,”saidDr.Willis.“Thebadsideisthatwe’veseenahugechangeinlandcover,mainlycausedbyculturalactivity,withalittlebitofclimatechangeinthereaswell.”Humanactivityhasagreateffectonthedangerofplantsdisappearing.Ashumanscutdownforeststomakeroomforagriculture,townsandcities,biodiversityislost.Thiscouldnotonlyaffectourownfoodsupplydirectly,butalsoaffectthefoodweb.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vital”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Useless. B．Friendly. C．Equal. D．Important.13．WhichofthefollowingdoesDr.Willisagreewith?A．Newplantsaremorethaneverbefore. B．Abouthalftheplantswilldisappearsoon.C．Manynewplantsarefoundeveryyear. D．Plantsmustn’tbeusedtoproducemedicine.14．Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A．Wehavemadelittleprogress. B．Thereisalongwayforustogo.C．Wehaveachievedourgoal. D．Therewillbenothingwecando.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．BiodiversityBeingLost B．HumanSocialActivityC．EnvironmentProtection D．NatureClimateChange二、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）PatrickModiano,thewinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2014,seemsless－knownamonggeneralChinesereaders.InDongQiang'sopinion,aprofessoratPekingUniversity,ModianohasbeenacelebratedwriterinFranceeversince.16WhatsurprisedhimwasthataFrenchwriterwasawardedtheNobel,sinceitwasonlysixyearsagothatanotherFrenchwriter,LeClezio,tooktheprize.BorninawesternParissuburbinJuly1945—twomonthsafterWorldWarⅡendedinEurope—ModianospenFrance.RaymondlifeinFranceandstudiedinParis,thetoppreparatoryschoolinFrance.RaymondQueneau,awriter,wasoneofhisteachersthere.17InthefirstinterviewModianogaveafterwinningtheNobel,heexplainedthatwritingforhimwasanaturalthingthathestartedquiteyoung,“18”1968.Modianopublishedabout30works,includingnovels,filmscriptsandchildren'sbooks,sincehisfirstbook,LaPlacedel′toile,in1968.Modiano'sworksfocusontheoccupationofFranceduringWorldWarⅡ.19JinLongge,whohastranslatedthreebooksbyModianointoChinese,says,“20Buttheyarenotdetectivenovels,becausetheanswerstotheriddlessetoutinhisnovelsusuallyremainuntoldandthereaderislefttofindhisownanswers.”A．Hehadamajorinfluenceonhim.B．Hisworksreadlikedetectivenovels.C．Itwasnotasurprisethathewontheprize.D．It'ssomethingthat'sbeenpartofmylife.E．Theywillbepublishedinthecomingmonths.F．Theyinvitethereadertoseekidentitythroughmemoryandhistory.G．Manyofhisreaderscametoknowofhimandstartedtoreadhisworks.三、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Tim,ablindanddeafman,boardedasix-hourflight,travellingfromBostontoLosAngelesbyhimself.He21him.Afterasnoonewasabletocommunicatewithhim.Afterflightattendants(服務人員)lookedforanyone22signlanguage,ClaraDalycametoTim’s23andtalkedtohimintheonlywayheknew.Signingeach24letter,Clarawasabletohaveaconversationwithhim.Herheart-warmingact25theattentionofapassengerLynetteScribner,whorecordedthewholething.Theflightattendants26communicate.Theyhim,buthadnowaytocommunicate.Theytookhishandsand27use.Thosetocommunicatewithhim,butofnouse.ThosesittingnexttoTimalsohelpedgethisfoodtoilet.Thatandledhimtothetoilet.Thatwaswhenthislovelyyoungwoman28.ClaralearnedAmericansignlanguagebecauseshehaddyslexia(誦讀困難)anditwasthe29foreignlanguageforhertolearn.Sofortherestoftheflight,shetookcareofTimandmadesurehisneedswere30.Shesignedone31atatimeintohishand.Hewasableto32hersigningandtheycarriedonalivelyconversation.Lynettewastouchedbythestrangers’33aseveryonedidtheirbesttohelpTim.Shesaid,“Allofusinthe34rowsenjoyedhispleasureofhavingsomeonetotalkto.Actuallyitwasabeautiful35thattherearestillkind-heartedpeoplewhoarewillingtohelpothers.”16．A．escaped B．suffered C．walked D．failed17．A．knowing B．writing C．inventing D．teaching18．A．offer B．call C．mind D．help19．A．funny B．strange C．single D．large20．A．fixed B．needed C．caught D．missed21．A．shyly B．sincerely C．suddenly D．finally22．A．prepared B．determined C．learned D．tried23．A．a(chǎn)nswered B．continued C．disagreed D．a(chǎn)ppeared24．A．funniest B．easiest C．best D．newest25．A．made B．divided C．met D．noticed26．A．letter B．mark C．vocabulary D．usage27．A．feel B．hear C．a(chǎn)ccept D．read28．A．honesty B．kindness C．expression D．happiness29．A．short B．middle C．neighbouring D．straight30．A．idea B．example C．a(chǎn)ccident D．suggestion四、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It36(build)originallytoprotectthecity37theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復).Itispossible

38(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After39(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat40(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We41(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky42didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall43wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand44(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir45(day)routines.五、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）31．假設你是李華。你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國歷史很感興趣，并請你介紹一位你喜歡的中國歷史人物。請你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：1、該人物是誰；2、該人物的主要貢獻；3、該人物對你的影響。注意：

1.詞數(shù)不少于100；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLihua六、書面表達（本大題共1小題）32．閱讀下而材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Asasinglemother,I’veneverdoubtedmydaughterJane’sdreamtobeasingeronthestage.Atanearlyage,shewascrazyaboutsinging.Whenevershehadachance,shewouldsingtoherheart’scontent.Hersweetandcharmingvoicetendedtogetpeoplearoundattractedtohersongs.Livinginasmallcity,Itookseveraloddjobs,determinedtodoeverythinginmypowertosupporther.SoonafterJaneattendedschool,hermusicteacherMarynoticedhertalentbychanceandvolunteeredtogivehersomeguidanceonhowtosing.Janepracticedsohardthatbeforelongshemadegreatprogressinsinging.Unfortunately,onenoonayearlater,Janewascrossingthestreetwhenacarelessdriverknockedherdown.Shewasrushedtohospital.WhenIhurriedthere,thedoctortoldmethatmydaughterwouldprobablynotstandonherownfeet.Ifrozewithshock,feelingasifIhadbeenthrownintoadarkworld.Weakanddizzy,Iwasabouttofalltothegroundwhensomeonetookholdofme.ItwasMary,whogotthenewsandracedhere.Shecomfortedme,sayingfirmly,“Grace,Janeneedsyou.Youmuststaycalmandstrong.”Inodded.Havingcalmeddown,IenteredthewardwithMary.Thatnight,Janerecoveredherconsciousness(知覺)andopenedhereyes.Holdingherhand,Isaid,“Mydear,everythingwouldbefine.”Marycomfortedhergently,“Iknowyouareastronggirl,Jane.Don’tworry.We’llbestandingbyyou.”IwasheartbrokentoseetearsstreamingdownJane’scheeks.Aftertwomonths,wereturnedhomefromhospital.Herteachersandfriendsfrequentlyvisitedher.Janeeventuallyacceptedthefactthatshewouldhavetogetaroundinawheelchair.Neverdidsherefertothesubjectofsingingagain.Iknewshewasaniceandunderstandinggirl,whowasafraidthattalkingaboutheroriginaldreamwouldupsetthetwoofus.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Oneday,however,Marycamewithgoodnews.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhenthehostannounceditwasJane’sturn,shewaswheeledontothestage.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案【正確答案】1．C2．D3．B【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四本與頂級科學家相關(guān)的書籍。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標題“RosalindFranklin:ALifeStory”項下內(nèi)容“RosalindFranklinwasthescientistwhosecontributiontoacrucialdiscoveryinDNA—thechemicalthattellsyourbodyhowtogrowanddevelop—wasnotrecognizeduntilafterherdeath.(RosalindFranklin是一位科學家，她對DNA的重要發(fā)現(xiàn)作出了貢獻——告訴你的身體如何生長和發(fā)育的化學物質(zhì)——但直到她去世后才被承認。)”可知RosalindFranklin的貢獻在她去世后才被承認；故選C項。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標題“TheExtraordinaryLifeofAlanTuring”項下內(nèi)容“SecondWorldWarcode-breakerAlanTuringfeaturesontheBankofEngland’snew￡50noteasacomputerpioneer.Thisbiographyfollowshimfromhischildhoodasaquietboywholovedmathstobecomingoneofthemostimportantscientistsinhistory.(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的密碼破譯員AlanTuring是英格蘭銀行新發(fā)行的50英鎊鈔票上的一位計算機先驅(qū)。這本傳記記錄了他從一個喜歡數(shù)學的安靜的小男孩到成為歷史上最重要的科學家之一的經(jīng)歷。)”可知這本書是講述一個歷史上偉大的計算機科學家AlanTuring的事跡，故推知這本書會吸引對計算機科學感興趣的讀者；故選D項。2．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了四本與頂級科學家相關(guān)的書籍，讓讀者大致了解了每本書的主要內(nèi)容和書中所記載的那些科學家及他們的發(fā)明；故推知本文可能出自于一篇雜志；故選B項?！菊_答案】4．D5．C6．C7．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，常年生活在森林的內(nèi)特有一天和作者及作者表弟亞瑟正在穿越一片草地，亞瑟問小白蘑菇能不能吃，然而亞瑟誤解了內(nèi)特的回答，側(cè)面反映內(nèi)特對森林是多么明智，對語言是多么吝嗇。4．細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Buthedecidedthaturbanlifewasnotforhim.Hepreferredtoisolatehimselffromothersandfindshelterinnaturefromthecrowdsandnoiseofthecity.Hewasmorethanwillingtogiveupsuchadvantagesasflushtoiletsandelectricblanketsforthejoyofwatchingasunriseilluminatethefrozenpines.(但他決定城市生活不適合他。他寧愿把自己與他人隔離開來，在大自然中尋找庇護，遠離人群和城市的喧囂。他非常愿意放棄沖水馬桶和電熱毯等優(yōu)勢，去享受看日出照亮冰凍松樹的喜悅)”可知，在樹林里享受日出能讓內(nèi)特更快樂。故選D項。4．細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Hisknowledgeofnaturewasextensive,andsoIlearnedmuchfromhimthroughtheyears.(他對自然的了解非常廣泛，所以這些年來我從他那里學到了很多東西)”可知，內(nèi)特是個很有知識的人。故選C項。5．推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Weusedtoputtheminabowlonthetabletokillflies!”(我們曾經(jīng)把蘑菇放在桌子上的碗里，用來殺蒼蠅！)”可知，蘑菇可以用來殺蒼蠅，可得出蘑菇有毒。故選C項。6．主旨大意題。第一段講“常年生活在森林的內(nèi)特喜歡自然，不喜歡城市生活”，第二段講“內(nèi)特的一些品質(zhì)（行為無法預測和知識廣博）”，第三段和后文對話通過“蘑菇是否能吃”反映內(nèi)特對森林是多么明智，對語言是多么吝嗇，全文圍繞主人翁內(nèi)特展開，C項“林居者內(nèi)特”能概括全文。故選C項?！菊_答案】8．B9．A10．A11．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹人類對火星的探索，并對未來予以憧憬。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句“Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.(然而，機器人能夠告訴我們的信息是有限的，所以我們最終還是要將人類送上火星，研究火星)”可知，我們之所以需要將人類送上火星，是因為僅憑機器人，我們所掌握的信息是有限的。故選B項。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbits(軌道)aroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.(按照火星和地球圍繞太陽時的軌道，到達火星需要6至12個月的時間)”可知，從地球到火星需要6至12個月的時間，由此可知，火星和地球之間的距離是不定的。故選A項。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars,butitisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.(月球空間站很重要，如此一來，當我們想要訪問火星時，我們就有了一個開始的地方，不過還有一點也很重要，是空間站給人們提供了離開地球生活的實踐經(jīng)歷)”可知，空間站可以給人們提供離開地球生活的實踐經(jīng)歷，說明人們在空間站可以學會適應其他星球上的生活。故選A項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第三句“Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.(等你的孩子足以成為航天員時，我們可能會有些人在火星上生活)”可知，作者認為到了后代，會有人在火星上生活，說明作者相信人類在火星上生活的夢想終會實現(xiàn)。故選D項?！菊_答案】12．D13．C14．B15．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要從五分之一的植物物種面臨消失的危險出發(fā)，引出植物對人類的重要性、當前植物所面臨的險境，以及導致生物多樣性喪失的原因進行了詳細的介紹，指出這種變化最終將會危害到人類自身。12．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Plantsprovideuswitheverything-food,fuel,medicine,andtheyareveryimportantforourclimatecontrolling.Withoutplantswewouldnotbehere.(植物為我們提供了一切——食物、燃料、藥物，它們對我們控制氣候非常重要。沒有植物，我們就不會在這里)”可知，KathyWillis說的是植物對人類非常重要。可知畫線詞意思為“重要的”。A.Useless.無用的；B.Friendly.友好的；C.Equal.平等的；D.Important.重要的。故選D。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Thegoodsideisthatwe’restilldiscoveringlotsofnewplants,about2,000eachyear,”saidDr.Willis.(Willis博士說：“好的一面是我們?nèi)栽诎l(fā)現(xiàn)大量的新植物，每年大約有2000種?！?”結(jié)合選項可知，Willis博士會同意C選項“每年都發(fā)現(xiàn)許多新植物”的說法。故選C。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,thisreportonthehealthofplantsaroundtheworldshowsthatthereismuchmoretobedone.(然而，這份關(guān)于世界各地植物健康狀況的報告表明，還有很多工作要做)”可知，我們還有很長的路要走。故選B。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Humanactivityhasagreateffectonthedangerofplantsdisappearing.Ashumanscutdownforeststomakeroomforagriculture,andtownsandcities,biodiversityislost.Thiscouldnotonlyaffectourownfoodsupplydirectly,butalsoitcouldaffectthefoodweb.(人類活動對植物消失的危險有很大的影響。當人類為了給農(nóng)業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)騰出空間而砍伐森林時，生物多樣性就消失了。這不僅會直接影響到我們的食物供應，還會影響到食物網(wǎng))”結(jié)合文章主要講述植物物種面臨消失，植物對人類非常重要，植物所面臨的險境會導致生物多樣性喪失，這種變化最終將會危害到人類自身。可知A選項“生物多樣性正在喪失”符合文章標題。故選A?！菊_答案】16．C17．A18．D19．F20．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了PatrickModiano——2014年諾貝爾文學獎獲得者。16．下文談到令人驚奇的是，僅僅相隔6年，又有一個法國作家獲獎。可見，董強對PatrickModiano的獲獎并不意外，故選C。16．根據(jù)上文中awriter的暗示，可知，這個老師對PatrickModiano有一定的影響，故選A。17．上文中提到PatrickModiano認為寫作對他來說是很自然的事情，這與本項中的“寫作成了他生命中的一部分”相呼應，故選D。18．根據(jù)上文可知，其著作主要聚焦二戰(zhàn)中被占領(lǐng)的法國，這與本項中的“透過記憶和歷史尋求認同感”相呼應，故選F。19．根據(jù)下文中Buttheyarenotdetectivenovels可知，但他們不是偵探小說，這與本選項“他的作品讀起來像偵探小說”相呼應，故選B?！菊_答案】16．B17．A18．D19．C20．C21．B22．D23．D24．B25．C26．A27．D28．B29．C30．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了又盲又聾的蒂姆在飛機上得到克萊拉和其他乘客幫助的故事。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在飛機上很痛苦，因為沒有人能和他交流。A.escaped逃跑；B.suffered遭受；C.walked走；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文“noonewasabletocommunicatewithhim（沒有人能和他交流）”可知，因為沒人和他交流，所以他很痛苦。故選B項。16．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在空乘人員尋找懂手語的人后，克萊拉?戴利來幫助蒂姆，用他唯一知道的方式和他說話。A.knowing知道；B.writing寫；C.inventing發(fā)明；D.teaching教。根據(jù)文章第一句“Tim,ablindanddeafman,boardedasix-hourflight,travellingfromBostontoLosAngelesbyhimself.（蒂姆是個又盲又聾的人，他獨自坐了6個小時的飛機，從波士頓飛到洛杉磯。）”可知，蒂姆是個又盲又聾的人，所以服務人員要找個懂手語的人和他交流。故選A項。17．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在空乘人員尋找會手語的人之后，克拉拉·戴利找到了蒂姆，用他唯一知道的方式和他交談。A.offer提供；B.call呼喊；C.mind思想；D.help幫助。根據(jù)上文“He16onboardasnoonewasabletocommunicatewithhim.”可知，Tim需要別人幫助，所以ClaraDaly過來幫忙。故選D項。18．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過單個字母的手語表示，克萊拉能夠和他交流。A.funny滑稽的；B.strange奇怪的；C.single單個的；D.large大的。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Shesignedone11atatimeintohishand.（她每次在他手上寫一個手語字母）”可知，克萊拉每次在蒂姆手上寫一個字母和他交流。故選C項。19．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她暖心的舉動引起了乘客LynetteScribner的注意，她記錄了整個過程。A.fixed固定；B.needed需要；C.caught抓住，引起；D.missed錯過。根據(jù)句意和下文的attention可知，這兒是考查catch的用法“catchonesattention（引起某人的注意）”。故選C項。20．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：乘務員很想幫助他，但是沒有辦法溝通。A.shyly害羞；B.sincerely真誠的；C.suddenly突然；D.finally最后。根據(jù)第一段的“Afterflightattendants(服務人員)lookedforanyone2signlanguage,ClaraDalycametoTim’s3andtalkedtohimintheonlywayheknew.（乘務員尋找懂手語的人后，克萊拉?戴利來幫助蒂姆，用他唯一知道的方式和他說話。）”可知，服務人員是真心想幫助蒂姆。故選B項。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們拉著他的手，努力地想和他交流，但是沒有用。A.prepared準備；B.determined確定；C.learned學習；D.tried嘗試。根據(jù)上半句“Theytookhishands（他們拉著他的手）”可知，他們是努力地和他交流。故選D項。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，這位可愛的年輕女子出現(xiàn)了。A.answered回答；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.disagreed不同意；D.appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“ClaralearnedAmericansignlanguage”介紹克萊拉學習手語的情況可知，空格處應該表示當乘務員需要有個懂手語的人時，克萊拉出現(xiàn)了。故選D項。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：克萊拉學習美國手語是因為她有閱讀障礙，這對她來說是最容易學習的外語。A.funniest最有趣的；B.easiest最簡單的；C.best最佳；D.newest最新。根據(jù)上文“shehaddyslexia（她有閱讀障礙）”可知，學習手語對于克萊拉來說是最簡單的一門外語。故選B項。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以在接下來的飛行中，她照顧蒂姆，確保他的需求得到滿足。A.made制造；B.divided分開；C.met滿足；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)前文“shetookcareofTim(她照顧蒂姆)”和空格前的名詞needs可知，這兒是考查need的用法“meetone’sneed（滿足某人的需要）”。故選C項。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她每次在他手里比劃一個字母。A.letter字母；B.mark標記；C.vocabulary詞匯；D.usage使用。根據(jù)上文“Signingeach4letter,Clarawasabletohaveaconversationwithhim.”內(nèi)容可知，Clara每次比劃一個字母，letter是原詞復現(xiàn)。故選A項。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他能讀懂她的手語，他們進行了熱烈的交談。A.feel感覺；B.hear聽到；C.accept接受；D.read讀懂。根據(jù)上一句“Shesignedone11atatimeintohishand.（她每次在他手上寫一個手語字母）”和空格后的“theycarriedonalivelyconversation.”可知，克萊拉是把手語寫到蒂姆的手上，所以蒂姆能夠讀懂她的手語，這樣他們才能進行熱烈的交談。故選D項。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Lynette被陌生人的善良感動了，因為每個人都盡力幫助蒂姆。A.honesty誠實；B.kindness善良C.expression表達；D.happiness幸福。根據(jù)空格后的“aseveryonedidtheirbesttohelpTim.（因為每個人都盡力幫助蒂姆）”可知，這些陌生人都很善良。故選B項。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們所有鄰座的人都很喜歡他那種有人可以聊天的快樂。A.short短的；B.middle中間的；C.neighboring相鄰的；D.straight直的。根據(jù)常識和下文“enjoyedhispleasureofhavingsomeonetotalkto”可知，只有坐在蒂姆附近的人才可以感覺到他的快樂。故選C項。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，這是一個很好的例子，表明仍然有善良的人愿意幫助別人。A.idea想法；B.example例子；C.accident事故；D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)下文“therearestillkind-heartedpeoplewhoarewillingtohelpothers.”可知，克萊拉和其他那些陌生人幫助蒂姆的故事是一個很好的例子，證明了仍然有善良的人愿意幫助別人。故選B項?！菊_答案】31．wasbuilt32．in/during33．towalk34．spending35．better36．hired37．but38．the39．watchtowers40．daily【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者游覽西安長城的過程。36．考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：它最初是為了保護唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復了。build和主語it之間是被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)時間狀語theTangdynasty可知，應用一般過去時。故填wasbuilt。31．考查介詞。句意：它最初是為了保護唐代的城市而建造的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復了。表示“在某個朝代”，應用介詞in或during。故填in或during。32．考查非謂語動詞。句意：騎行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。固定句型It+be+adj+todosth.，it為形式主語，不定式短語作真正主語。故填towalk。33．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在花了一些時間查看了城墻上所有的防御設備之后，我們決定是時候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。此處After為介詞，應用動名詞，作介詞賓語。故填spending。34．考查形容詞比較級。句意：在花了一些時間查看了城墻上所有的防御設備之后，我們決定是時候采取一些行動了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。根據(jù)后文than可知，此處應用形容詞good的比較級better。故填better。35．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。根據(jù)語境可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應用一般過去時。故填hired。36．考查連詞。句意：我的自行車又舊又搖搖晃晃，但還可以騎。后文didthejob和前文Mybikewasoldandshaky之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。故填but。37．考查冠詞。句意：我們繞著西安城墻一路走了大約3個小時。固定短語alltheway“一直，完全地”。故填the。38．考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：據(jù)說你可以在兩個小時內(nèi)完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當?shù)厝诉M行他們的日常生活。watchtower是可數(shù)名詞，由different修飾，應用復數(shù)形式。故填watchtowers。39．考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)說你可以在兩個小時內(nèi)完成，但我們在不同的大門和了望臺停下來拍照，或者只是看當?shù)厝诉M行他們的日常生活。修飾后文名詞routines，應用形容詞daily，作定語。故填daily。31．【正確答案】DearJim,It’sgreattohearfromyou.IfeelproudknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.He,inhisbook,HaiguoTuzhi(MapsandRecordsoftheWorld),introducedmoderntechnologiesandideastoChina,whichopenedoureyestotheworld.Soheandhisworksarestillworth