高一英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修一課時作業(yè)（11）Unit4LookinggoodGrammarusageIntegratedskills

20202021學(xué)年高一英語牛津譯林版(2020)必修第一冊同步課時作業(yè)（11）Unit4Grammarusage&Integratedskills一、填空1.Awoman_____(attack)androbbedbyagangofyouthsnearthetrainstationjustnow.2.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment____

theylive.3.Tomyanger,thethiefstoleeverythinginmypurse,__________________(include)mycreditcard.4.Weshouldprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpolluted__________________(enjoy)ablueskyandliveahealthylife.5.Hewenttohospitaltohaveasmall_________________(operate)onhiskneelastweek.6.Overthelastfewdecades,economicglobalizationhasc_________________greatlytoglobalgrowth.7.Ina_________________tohismoviework,Redfordisknownasachampionofenvironmentalcauses.8.Mybeingunabletoconcentrateisstartingtohavean_________________effectonmystudy.9.Any_______(數(shù)量),greatorsmall,willbeappreciated.10."Everytimewehaveavotelikethis,itratchetsupthep______,"hesaid.11.Letthislist,butnotyour________(時間表),betherulerofyourday.12.Speakfromtheheartaboutyourfeelingswithouta______orblame.13.Butthelengthof______?(治療)dependsontheproblem.14.Notonlythat,butitalsofocusesyourthoughtsonthen___________.15.Itwillremainanindeliblestainonhis______(記憶).二、閱讀理解

What'syouropiniononspicyfood?Somepeoplecannothandleeventhesmallestamountofthechili(辣椒)intheirdinnerwhileotherscan'tgetenoughofit.

Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovechilieswhileothersloathethem.Plentyofresearchhasbeendoneonthesubject,datingasfarbackasthe1970s.Previousresultsshowedthataloveofchiliesisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences,andculturalinfluencesaffectourtastebuds,too.Butthelateststudyhasfoundthataperson'sloveofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtohisorherpersonalitymorethananythingelse,CBCNewsreported.

"Wehavealwaysassumedthatlikingdrivesintake一weeatwhatwelikeandwelikewhatweeat.Butnoonehasactuallydirectlybotheredtoconnectthesepersonalitytraits(特點)withtheintakeofchilipeppers,"saidProfessorJohnHayesfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,wholedthestudy.

Butbeforeyoulookatthestudy,youshouldfirstknowthat"spicy"isnotataste,unlikesour,sweet,bitterandsalty.Itis,infact,aburningsensationthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue.Thisgotscientiststhinkingthatmaybealoveofspicyfoodisbroughtaboutbypeople'slongingforthrills,somethingtheyusuallygetfromwatchingactionmoviesorridingarollercoaster.

Inthestudy,97participants,bothmaleandfemale,wereaskedtofilloutquestionnairesaboutcertaintraitsoftheirpersonalities,forexample,whethertheylikenewexperiencesortendtoavoidrisks.Theywerethengivencupsofwaterwithcapsaicin,theplantchemicalthatmakeschiliesburn,mixedintothem.

Byparingtheanswerstothequestionnairesandwhatparticipantssaidtheyfeltaboutthespicywater,researchersfoundthatthosewhoweremosttendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater.

Interestingly,weusedtobelievethatthereasonwhysomepeoplecanwithstandspicyfoodisthattheirtongueshavebeelesssensitivetoit.However,thislateststudyhasfoundotherwise."It'snotthatitdoesn'tburnasbadly,butit'sthatyouactuallylearntoliketheburn,"explainedHayes.1.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"loathe"inthesecondparagraph?

A.Dislike. B.Fear. C.Putupwith. D.Adaptto.

2.WhatdidProfessorJohnHayesandhisteamdiscoverfromtheirstudy?

A.Whatweeatactuallyhelpstodevelopourpersonalities.

B.Malesaremorelikelytoenjoyspicyfoodthanfemales.

C.Thosetryingtoavoidriskstendtobelessinterestedinspicyfood.

D.Peoplearewrongtotreatspicyasakindoftasteratherthanafeeling.

3.Whydosomepeoplelikespicyfoodaccordingtotherecentstudy?

A.Becausetheirtastebudshavebeelesssensitive.

B.Becausetheylovetheburningsensation.

C.Becausetheywanttochallengethemselves.

D.Becausethemoretheytryspicyfood,thelessitburns.

4.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Hisorherparents'dietsdecidehisorherpersonality.

B.Thelateststudyshowswhetherapersonenjoysspicyfoodlargelydependshisorherpersonality.

C.Hisorherchildhoodexperiencesdecidehisorherpersonality.

D.Hisorherculturalbackgrounddecideshisorherpersonality.三、語法填空

Developingtablemanners

①____(be)oneoftheearlieststepsparentscantakeinteachingandshowinggoodbehaviortotheirchildren.paredwithfamiliesthatseldomeattogether,familiesthateattogethermostdaysoftheweektendtobe②____(healthy).

Expertsholdthebelief

③____teachingtablemannerscanstartwhenachildiseatingindependentlyoutofthehighchairoroldenoughtositatthetable.Tablemanners

④____(teach)intheearlystagesincludeteachingkidstoavoidreachingacrossthetable,eatingfromtheirownplates,andsaying"please"and"thankyou".

Familymealsprovidegoodchances

⑤____(show)andteachgoodmanners.Kidscanbetaughttopolitelysayitwhentheydon'tlikesomething.Also,youngkidsoftencan'tsitthewholemeal,butcanlearntoproperlydismiss

⑥____(they),ratherthaninterruptthemeal.Besides,nevercorrectmannersin

⑦____inappropriatewayandexplaintokidswhyyoupracticemanners,suchaswhywechew

⑧____ourmouthclosed.In

⑨____(add),everyoneatthetableshouldbeallowedtobepartofapositiveconversation.Keepitlightheartedand

⑩____(interest)andtalkaboutpositivethingsatthetable.答案以及解析一1.答案：wasattacked解析：句意為：一位女士在火車站附近遭到了一伙少年襲擊和搶劫。主語Awoman和attack之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系且動作發(fā)生在過去，因此用wasattacked。2.答案：where解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,指代先行詞environment,并在定語從句中作地點狀語,因此填關(guān)系副詞where.3.答案：including解析：考查介詞。句意:令我生氣的是,小偷偷走了我錢包里的所有東西,包括我的信用卡。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示"包括……在內(nèi)",故填including。includingsth.=sth.included。4.答案：toenjoy解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意:我們應(yīng)該保護我們的環(huán)境免受污染,以享受藍天并過一種健康的生活。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。5.答案：operation解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:上周他去醫(yī)院去給膝蓋做了個小手術(shù)。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)用名詞,意為"手術(shù)",故填operation。6.答案：contributed7.答案：addition8.答案：negative9.答案：amount10.答案：pressure11.答案：schedule解析：12.答案：attack解析：13.答案：treatment解析：14.答案：negative解析：15.答案：memory解析：二.答案：14:ACBB解析：1.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovechilieswhileothersloathethem.可知科學(xué)家們對于為什么一些人很喜歡辣椒而其他人很不喜歡辣椒感到很困惑,根據(jù)while可知前后為對比關(guān)系,loathe與love為反義詞,意為"不喜歡",所以A選項是正確的。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的researchersfoundthatthosewhoweremosttendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater可知,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)那些喜歡冒險的人更喜歡辣椒水,由此可知不喜歡冒險的人不喜歡辣味食物,所以C選項是正確的。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的infact,aburningsensationthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue可知辣味的食物會給舌頭帶來燃燒的感覺,以及最后一段中的"It'snotthatitdoesn'tburnasbadly,butit'sthatyouactuallylearntolikethe