2024屆高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題：同義替換詞素材

2024年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題★★高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解：同義替換詞（1）TOC\o"1-3"\h\u同義替換Unit1 1同義替換Unit2 2同義替換Unit3 3同義替換Unit4 4在閱讀理解的某些細(xì)節(jié)題中，正確選項(xiàng)與原文的大意相同但表達(dá)方式不同，即進(jìn)行了同義轉(zhuǎn)換。如2020年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷第33題，正確選項(xiàng)中用lackof替代了原文中的beshortof(缺乏)；2019年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷第29題，正確選項(xiàng)中用varyfrompersontoperson替代了原文中的unique(獨(dú)一無(wú)二的)。對(duì)此，我們歸納了常見的150組同義表達(dá)，供考生復(fù)習(xí)參考。事實(shí)上，同義結(jié)構(gòu)放在一塊記，有助于擴(kuò)大詞匯量；掌握這些同義表達(dá)，對(duì)閱讀和寫作，以及解答其他題，都是非常有益的。同義替換Unit1充滿befullof,befilledwith,befloodedwith,becrowdedwith區(qū)分distinguish/tellAfromB親自personally,inperson只有only,nobody/nothingbut出版comeout,bepublished尤其particularly,inparticular鍛煉exercise,workout謀生make/earnaliving代表represent,standfor,(be)onbehalfof結(jié)合combine,mixsthup前進(jìn)advance,moveforward舒適comfortable,atease十年decade,tenyears兩周fortnight,twoweeks二十score,twenty十二dozen,twelve成人adult,grown-up刪除delete,cutout下降，減少decline,come/godown,drop,fall,decrease,reduce移走remove,takeaway吸收absorb,takein與...一致agree/beconsistent/correspondwith把...分開breaksthapart,split/divide/separatesth用...替換replace...with,use...asanalternativeto...同義替換Unit2回答answer,replyto收割harvest,gather,getin抵制boycott,refusetoaccept,resist,reject與...相反/對(duì)立contradict,beoppositeto代替replace,taketheplaceof背誦recite,learn...byheart害怕fear,beafraid/scaredof退（學(xué)）quit,dropoutof(school)推遲delay,postpone,putoff去拿來fetch,goandbringback相匹配match,gowith精力充沛energetic,fullofenergy少數(shù)aminorityof,asmallnumberof打擾causetroubleto,bother,disturb描述describe,giveadescriptionof后來afterwards,afterthat,lateron缺席beabsentfrom,benotpresentat目前nowadays,atpresent,atthepresenttime宣布announce/declaresth,makesthknowntothepublic重要count,matter,beimportant,beofimportance.significant,vital,crucial擔(dān)心worryabout,beconcerned/anxiousabout提到mention,referto,talkabout/of偶然地incidentally,accidentally,bychance/accident/coincidence,casually,occasionally同義替換Unit3展覽onshow/display/exhibition勇敢（去做）bebraveto,havecourageto違法的illegal,notlegal,againstthelaw滿足需要caterto/meet/satisfytheneed放棄abandon,goawayfrom,leave,giveup信任，信賴trust,believe,haveconfidence/faithin在農(nóng)村／城市inthecountryside/city,rural/urbanareas勸某人做advisesbtodo,trytopersuadesbtodo取消cancel,calloff勸某人不要做discouragesbfromdoing,persuadesbnottodo取消除·······之外besides,aswellas,inadditionto,apartfrom制訂計(jì)劃makeaplan,workoutaplan,drawupaplan逃跑escape,runaway開始存在appear,comeintobeing,comeintoexistence進(jìn)入enter,come/gointo防...止疾病protect...fromsickness,avoid/preventsickness用完某物runoutofsth,lacksth,sthrunout,sthbeusedup方式，方法way,solution,approach,method,means情況良好in(a)goodcondition,inagoodstate/situation置若罔聞turnadeafearto,refusetolistento高興起來cheerup,becomehappy全世界allover/aroundtheworld,worldwide,globally,internationally重力gravity,thepulloftheearth算出calculate,figureout與·······不同differfrom,bedifferentfrom,varyfrom...to...亂七八糟inamess,indisorder氣喘吁吁breathless,outofbreath做出決定determine,decide,makeadecision對(duì)······有害doharmto,beharmfulto相似，相像resemble,belike,besimilarto低語(yǔ)，耳語(yǔ)whisper,speakinalowvoice同義替換Unit4尋找，追求seek,look/search/huntfor茫然，困惑ataloss,puzzled/confused取笑，逗弄tease,makefunof,laughat,amuse提高，改善improve,make/becomebetter慶祝celebrate,holdacelebration長(zhǎng)胖puton/gainweight,growfat熟悉know...well,befamiliarwith處理handle,settle,dealwith,copewith到處everywhere,hereandthere加速accelerate,speedup,quicken值得，應(yīng)得deservesth,beworthyofsth,beworthdoingsth保證，確保ensure,guarantee,makesure/certain把某物分配給某人allocatesthtosb,dividesthamongsb一年一次的annual,yearly,everyyear可進(jìn)入／接近的beaccessible,beeasytoenter/reach/use使能做某事enablesbtodo,makesbabletodo寧做A不做BdoAratherthan(doing)B,doAinsteadof(doing)B出國(guó)goabroad,gotoaforeigncountry控告accusesbofsth,chargesbwithsth成功做某事managetodosth,succeedindoingsth突然笑/哭起來burstintolaughter/tears,burstoutlaughing/crying不理，忽視ignore,overlook,paynoattentionto挨餓，餓死starve,gohungry,diefromhunger充當(dāng)；起······的作用actas,serveas榜樣model,example怒視glareat,lookatsthangrily平靜的calm,notexcited抽象的abstract,notspecific積極的active,notpassive殘酷地cruelly,withoutmercy,mercilessly復(fù)雜的complicated,notsimple,complex人造的artificial,man-made故意地deliberately,onpurpose,purposely再一次again,oncemore,onceagain,overandoveragain獨(dú)自地alone,byoneself有危險(xiǎn)indanger,atrisk占...比例accountfor,makeup青少年adolescent,teenager同義替換Unit5看醫(yī)生gotosee/consultadoctor更喜歡prefersth,likesthbetter使生氣annoysb,makesbangry報(bào)道此事cover/reporttheevent很多alot(of),agreatdeal(of)影響交通holdup/blocktraffic澄清，闡明clarify,makesthclear可得到的beavailable,beeasilygot吸引某人interest/attract/drawsb,appealtosb,catchsb’seye/attention無(wú)論如何anyhow,inanyway在·······后面behind,atthebackof無(wú)論什么whatever,nomatterwhat使某人高興cheersbup,makesbhappy雇用某人employ/hiresb,takesbon受歡迎的bepopularwith,bewellreceived(by...)得出結(jié)論conclude,drawaconclusion弄明白figureout,findout試驗(yàn)tryout,test反對(duì)beagainst,oppose,objectto,disagreewith,disapproveof認(rèn)為think/believethat,holdtheviewthat,argue/claimthat做報(bào)告giveapresentation/talk/speech輟學(xué)，退學(xué)dropoutof/leaveschool優(yōu)于，勝過havetheadvantageover,havetheedgeover,bebetterthan對(duì)某人生氣getangrywithsb,getcrosswithsb,beannoyedwithsb有機(jī)會(huì)使用／做haveaccesstosth,havethechanceofdoingsth對(duì)·····全然不知beinthedarkabout,knownothingabout告訴某人某事tellsbsth,informsbofsth,keepsbinformedofsth致力于apply/bend/commit/devoteoneselfto,bebent/committed/devotedto旨在做aim/beaimedatdoing,bedesigned/intendedtodo,bemeanttodosth一...就...ondoing;immediately,directly,instantly;themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant;assoonas,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when老年人oldpeople,theold,seniorcitizens,theaged,theelderly聰明的clever,bright,wise,smart同義替換Unit61.

particular

=

special

=

specific

=

unique

特別的，獨(dú)有的2.

absorb

=

takein

吸收3.

settleon

=

makechoiceof

=

decideon

選定4.

advantage

=

edge

=upperhand

優(yōu)勢(shì)5.

accompany

=

keep

sb

company

=

gowith

陪伴，伴隨6.

view

=

belief

=

opinion

=

insight

觀點(diǎn)7.

charge=fee=fare

費(fèi)用

8.

involve

...

with

=

associate

...

with

=

link

...

to

=

relate

...

to

與…有關(guān)聯(lián)9.

release

=

issue

=

launch

=

convey

=

deliver

發(fā)行，發(fā)表10.

difficult

=

demanding

=

hard

=

tough

困難的11.

task

=

job

=

work

=

labour

任務(wù)，工作12.

instantly

=

rapidly

=

immediately

立即地13.

react

=

respond

反應(yīng)14.

subjective

views

=

personal/individualviews

(opinions)

主觀觀點(diǎn)15.

understand

=see=follow=grasp=comprehend=takein=

figureout

理解，想出16.

assessment

=

evaluation

=

estimate

=

judgment評(píng)估，估計(jì)

17.

appear

=

surface=

come

tolight

出現(xiàn)18.

remain

=

keep

=

stay

=

maintain

保持19.

development

=

evolution=growth=progress

發(fā)展20.

foster

=

raise

=

bringup

培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育21.

overtake

=

catchup

=

sweepover

趕上，壓倒22.

initial

=

original

=

premier

最初的，開始的23.

whereas

=

however

=

while

=

nevertheless

=

but

=

yet

然而，但是

24.

reduce

=

decrease

=

lessen

=

cut

減少，減小25.

postpone

=

put

off

=

delay

延期，推遲26.

crucial

=

important

=

critical

=

vital

=

necessary

=

essential

至關(guān)重要的27.

attempt

=

effort

嘗試，努力

28.encourage=promote=fuel=further激發(fā)，促進(jìn)同義替換Unit71.“看”：look;see;watch;observe;notice;catchsightof;stare;glare;glance;glimpse;seeafilm;watchTV2.“說”：telllsthtosb.=tellsbsth;talkwithsbaboutsth;saysth;speakinEnglish;whispersthtosb;informsbofsth;reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth;bargain;chat;repeat;explain;warn;remind;discuss;debate;figure;declare;claim;mention;admit;deny;describe;announce;introduce;complain3.“叫”：cry;call;shout;scream;moan;sigh;quarrel4.“問”：ask;interview;express;question5.“答”：answer;respond;reply6.“聽”：listento;hear;pickup;overhear7.

“笑”：smile;laugh;burstintolaughter;burstoutlaughing8.“哭”：cry;shedtears;weep;sob;burstintotears/burstoutcrying9.“吃/喝”：eat/drink;sip;haveameal;havesupper;toast;taste;treatsbto;helponeselfto10.

“穿”：puton;wear;haveon;bedressedin;makeup;getchanged;beinred;takeoff;remove11.“行”：walk;run;climb;jump;skip;slip;come/go;enter;move;drive;ride;fly;crawl12.“坐”：sitdown;beseated;seatoneself;takeaseat，stand;lean13.“睡/休息”：lie/onone’sback/onone'sside/onone’sstomach;stayinbed;havearest;takeanap;beasleep;bend;turnover;rest14.“寫”：dictate;writesth;describe;dropaline;draw;takedown/writedown15.“拿/放”：take;bring;hold;carry;fetch;lif;put;lay;pull;push16.“抓”：takeholdof;seize;grasp;scratch17.“打”：hit;beat;strike;blow;attack18.“扔”：throw;drop;fall;wave;shake19.“送”：send;deliver;give;offer;seeoff20.“摸/抱”：ouch;fold;embrace;hug;hold;inone’sarms21.“踢/碰”：kick;knock;tip22.“找/查”：find;lookfor;findout;discover/explore;huntfor;searchfor;seek,seekforinsearchof;searchsb;searchsp.forsth;check;examine;test;inspect23.“得”：get;obtain;acquire;gain;possess24.“失”：lose;belost/bemissing/gone;greatloss25.“有”：have;own;conquer;occupy；possess26.“無(wú)”：nothingleft;theremainingthing;disappear;bemissing/gone27.“增/減”：rise/goup,drop;raise;bringdown/reduce;increase/decrease28.“買/賣”：buy;purchase;afford;pay;payoff;payfor;sell;onsale;bargain;bill/cheque/cash/creditcard/notes/coins;discounts29.“存在/消失”：comeintobeing;exist;appear;survive;live;show;turnup;disappear;die;dieout;passaway;beoutofsight30.“變化”：develop;improve;become;grow;go+bad/wrong/sour;turn+colour;change/changeinto;reform31.“成功/失敗”：makeit;succeed;makeprogress;cometrue;realizeone’sdream;win;lose;failtodo;defeat;sufferloss;beat;turnsth.intoreality32.“努力”：try/manage;makeefforts;attempt;doone'sbest;doasmuchasonecantodo33.祝賀：congratulatesb.onsth.;celebrate;observe;gettogether34.敬佩：admire;respect;showrespectfor/to;adore;envy;bejealousy35.贊美/批評(píng)：praise;thinkhighlyof;blamesbforsth;sbistoblame;criticize/scoldsb.forsth.;havealowopinionofsb;speakillof36.

喜/惡：like;love;befondof;bekeenon;becrazyabout;adore;beinto;prefer;enjoy;dislikehate;ignore37.到達(dá)：arriveat;reach;returnto;getto;stayinsp.;visit;leave;leavefor38.受傷：hurt;injure;wound;cut;kill;drown;bleed;getburnt;sufferfrom;sufferaloss39.損壞：damage;destroy;ruin;breakdown;crash;bebroken40.修復(fù)：repair;rebuild;restore;fix;recoveroneself41.“認(rèn)識(shí)的過程”：feel;sense;guess;suppose;wonder;doubt;know/learnrealizeunderstandremember;befamiliarwith;recall;recite;applyto42.認(rèn)為;判斷：think;believe;consider;find;feel;conclude;infer;doubt43.想/考慮：thinkof…as...;thinkabout;consider;thinkover44.支持/反對(duì)：agree;disagree;accept;receive;r