2024年職稱英語理工類-新增文章篇目

2024年職稱英語理工類新增文章篇目閱讀理解〔6篇〕……3頁第六篇MakingLightof1Sleep第十九篇Graphene'sSuperstrength1*第三＋八篇"LifeFormFound"onSaturn'sTitan*第四十篇TeachingMath,TeachingAnxiety+第四＋五篇TeachingMath,TeachingAnxiety+第四十六篇AntsHaveBigImpactonEnvironmentas"EcosystemEngineers"完形填空〔6篇〕……20頁第三篇GermsonBanknotes第十篇ChickenSoupfortheSoul：ComfortFoodFightsLoneliness*第十一篇ClimateChangePosesMajorRisksforUnpreparedCities*第十二篇FreeStatinsWithFastFoodCouldNeutralizeHeartRisk+第十三篇SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells+第十五篇“Liquefaction〞KeytoMuchofJapaneseEarthquakeDamage注：1、+表示A級(jí)文章；*表示B即文章；其他為C級(jí)文章；2、閱讀理解，請(qǐng)參見第3頁；完形填空，請(qǐng)參見第20頁；3、2024年詞匯局部與2024年教材相比未作任何變化。*第三＋八篇"LifeFormFound"onSaturn'sTitanScientistssaytheyhavediscoveredhintsofalienlife1ontheSaturn'smoon2.ThediscoveryofasortoflifewasannouncedafterresearchersattheUSspaceagency,NASA3,analyzeddatafromspacecraftCassini4,whichpointedto,theexistenceofmethane-basedformoflifeonSaturn'sbiggestmoon.Scientistshavereportedlydiscoveredcluesshowingprimitivealienbeingsare"breathing"inTitan'sdenseatmospherefilledwithhydrogen.TheyarguethathydrogengetsabsorbedbeforehittingTitan'splanet-likesurfacecoveredwithmethanelakesandrivers.This,theysay,pointstotheexistenceofsome"bugs"5consumingthehydrogenatthesurfaceofthemoonlessthanhalfthesizeoftheEarth."Wesuggestedhydrogenconsumptionbecauseit'stheobviousgasforlifetoconsumeonTitan,similartothewayweconsumeoxygenonEarth,"saysNASAscientistChrisMcKay."Ifthesesignsdoturnouttobeasignoflife,itwouldbedoublyexcitingbecauseitwouldrepresentasecondformoflifeindependentfromwater-basedlifeonEarth."Todate,scientistshavenotyetdetectedthisformoflifeanywhere,thoughthereareliquid-water-basedmicroorganismsonEarththatgrowwellonmethaneorproduceitasawasteproduct.OnTitan,wheretemperaturesarearound90Kelvin6(minus290degreesFarenheit),amethanebasedorganismwouldhavetouseasubstancethatisliquidasitsmediumforlivingprocesses,butnotwateritself.WaterisfrozensolidonTitan'ssurfaceandmuchtoocoldtosupportlifeasweknowit.ScientistshadexpectedtheSun'sinteractionswithchemicalsintheatmospheretoproduceacoatingofacetyleneonTitan'ssurface.ButCassinidetectednoacetyleneonthesurface.TheabsenceofdetectableacetyleneontheTitan'ssurfacecanverywellhaveanon-biologicalexplanation,saidMarkAllen,aprincipalinvestigator7oftheNASATitanteam."Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biologicalexplanationsareaddressed,"Allensaid."Wehavealotofworktodotoruleout8possiblenon-biologicalexplanations.Itismorelikelythatachemicalprocess,withoutbiology,canexplaintheseresults."詞匯：Saturn/'s?t?n/n．土星methane/'mi:θein/n．甲烷，沼氣Titan/'tait?n/n．土衛(wèi)六acetylene/?'setili:n/n．乙炔alien/'eilj?n/n．外星人；adj．外星球的；相異的conservatism/k?n's?:v?tiz?m/n．保守主義,守舊注釋：1.hintsofalienlife：外星生命跡象。2.theSaturn'smoon：指土衛(wèi)六〔Titan)。土衛(wèi)六又稱泰坦星，是土星衛(wèi)星中最大的一顆。3.NASA：美國國家航空航天局的縮寫，全稱是：NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration。4.spacecraftCassini：卡西尼號(hào)探測器，以出生于意大利的法國天文學(xué)家卡西尼的名字命名，其任務(wù)是環(huán)繞土星飛行，對(duì)土星及其大氣、光環(huán)、衛(wèi)星和磁場進(jìn)行深人考察。1997年10月15日，重六噸的“卡西尼〞號(hào)星際探測器被發(fā)射飛往土星的軌道。這是上世紀(jì)發(fā)射的最后一艘行星際探測的大飛船?！翱ㄎ髂?.bugs：微生物。非正式口語表達(dá)，所以使用了引號(hào)。6.Kelvin：可翻譯成“絕對(duì)溫度〞。KelvinScale，絕對(duì)溫標(biāo)，開氏溫標(biāo)，是由Kelvin勛爵于19世紀(jì)中葉創(chuàng)造的溫度計(jì)量方法，其零度相當(dāng)于攝氏一273.15"C，被認(rèn)為是宇宙中最低溫度。這種溫度計(jì)量方法多為科學(xué)家使用。7.principalinvestigator：研究工程負(fù)責(zé)人8.ruleout：排除……的可能性練習(xí)：1.WhathavescientistsfoundaboutSaturn?ATheyhavefoundanewmoonorbitingSaturn.BTheyhavefoundmethane-basedlifeonSaturn.CTheyhavefoundmethane-basedlifeonTitan.DTheyhavefoundearthlikelifeonaSaturn'smoon.2.WhatdoscientistssayaboutTitan?ATherearelifecluesthere.BThereisacetylenethere.CWateronTitanexistsintheformofice.DRiversandlakestherecontainlifeformls.3.Todate,scientistshavenotyetdetectedthisformoflife.(paragraph5)Whatdoes"thisformoflife"referto?AWater-basedlife.BMethane-basedlife.CLiquid-water-basedmicroorganisms.DGas-basedlife.4.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatAllensaid?AScientistshavedifferentargumentsoverwhetherthereislifeonTitan.BScientistsallagreethatthereislifeonTitan.CScientistsallsuggestthatabiologicalexplanationisreasonable.DScientistsallagreethatanon-biologicalchemicalreactionisapossibleexplanation.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethetitleofthispassage?AEarthlikeLivingBeingsFoundonTitan.BFindingofOneMoreMoonofSaturn.CTitan,aNewSatelliteFound.DAdifferentLifeForm,aPossibility.答案與題解：1.C短文的第一段提供了答案。該段告訴讀者，科學(xué)家在土星的衛(wèi)星土衛(wèi)六〔Titan〕上發(fā)現(xiàn)了生命的跡象，這些生命的存在是以甲烷為根底的。2.A根據(jù)第二段“Scientistshavereportedlydiscoveredcluesshowingprimitivealienbeingsare'breathing'inTitan'sdenseatmospherefilledwithhydrogen.〞，說明土衛(wèi)六〔Titan〕有生命跡象。因此A是答案。3.Bthisformoflife指的是土衛(wèi)六〔Titan〕上以甲烷為生命根底呼吸氫氣的生物，即該文討論的主題。4.A科學(xué)家至今對(duì)土衛(wèi)六是否存在生物有不同的觀點(diǎn)和解釋。Allen說要做出土衛(wèi)六上有生物的結(jié)論，首先必須對(duì)Titan上沒有生物的觀點(diǎn)做出回應(yīng)；要排除土衛(wèi)六上可能沒有生物的觀點(diǎn)，我們還須付出努力。所以只有A是正確選擇。5.D該短文的主題是，科學(xué)家在土衛(wèi)六〔Titan〕上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種與地球生物不同的生命形式的跡象，即以甲烷為生命根底呼吸氫氣的生物，但科學(xué)家還未能最后驗(yàn)證這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。第四段中的一個(gè)句子能夠揭示該短文的主題：“Ifthesesignsdoturnouttobeasignoflife,itwouldbedoublyexcitingbecauseitwouldrepresentasecondformoflifeindependentfromwater-basedlifeonEarth.〞*第四十篇TeachingMath,TeachingAnxietyInanewstudyaboutthewaykidslearnmathinelementaryschool,thepsychologistsattheUniversityofChicagol1"Ifthesegirlskeepgettingmath-anxiousfemaleteachers2inlatergrades,itmaycreateasnowballeffectontheirmathachievement3saidLevine.Inotherwords,girlsmayenduplearningmathanxietyfromtheirteachers4theyweremoreconfident.Justasstudentsfindcertainsubjectstobedifficult,teacherscanfindcertainsubjectstobedifficulttolearn--andteach.Thesubjectofmathcanbeparticularlydifficultforeveryone.Researchersusetheword"anxiety"todescribesuchfeelings:anxietyisuneasinessorworry.Thenewstudyfoundthatwhenateacherhasanxietyaboutmath,thatfeelingcaninfluencehowherfemalestudentsfeelaboutmath.Thestudyinvolved65girls,52boysand17first-andsecond-gradeteachersinelementaryschoolsintheMidwest.Thestudentstookmathachievementtestsatthebeginningandendoftheschoolyear,andtheresearcherscomparedthescores.Theresearchersalsogavethestudentsteststotellwhetherthestudentsbelievedthatamathsuperstarhadtobeaboy.Thentheresearchersturnedtotheteachers:Tofindoutwhichteacherswereanxiousaboutmath,theresearchersaskedtheteachershowtheyfeltattimeswhentheycameacrossmath,suchaswhenreadingasalesreceipt5.Ateacherwhogotnervouslookingatthenumbersonasalesreceipt,forexample,wasprobablyanxiousaboutmath.Boys,onaverage,wereunaffectedbyateacher'sanxiety.Onaverage,girlswithmath-anxiousteachersscoredlowerontheend-of-the-yearmathteststhanothergirlsinthestudydid.Plus,onthetestshowingwhethersomeonethoughtamathsuperstarhadtobeaboy,20girlsshowedfeelingthatboyswouldbebetteratmath--andallofthesegirlshadbeentaughtbyfemaleteacherswhohadmathanxiety."Thisisaninterestingstudy,buttheresultsneedtobeinterpretedaspreliminaryandinneedofreplicationwithalargersample6,"saidDavidGeary,apsychologistattheUniversityofMissouri7inColumbia詞匯：snowball/'sn?ub?:l/雪球；滾雪球式增長的事replication/repli'kei??n/n．重復(fù)，復(fù)現(xiàn)superstar/'sju:p?sta:/n．超級(jí)明星練習(xí)：1.UniversityofChicago：芝加哥大學(xué)。位于美國伊利諾伊州芝加哥市，是世界一流的私立大學(xué)，創(chuàng)立于1891年。2.keepgettingmath-anxiousfemaleteachers：一直由對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)有焦慮感的女教師教授數(shù)學(xué)。此處getting是having的意思，math-anxious指的是上文中提到的對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)沒有自信的心理狀態(tài)。另見第三段最后一句對(duì)anxiety的解釋。3.snowballeffectontheirmathachievement：在數(shù)學(xué)成就上的雪球效應(yīng)。其含義是：在數(shù)學(xué)上越來越?jīng)]有信心。4.enduplearningmathanxietyfromtheirteachers：最后從老師那里獲得的是對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的焦慮。Endupdoingsomething：最終會(huì)做某事5.salesreceipt：銷售清單6.inneedofreplicationwithalargersample：需要用更大的調(diào)查樣本進(jìn)行重復(fù)驗(yàn)證。replication在量化實(shí)證研究中的意思是“重復(fù)〔實(shí)驗(yàn)〕〞。7.theUniversityofMissouri：密蘇里大學(xué)。位于密蘇里州，是美國一所公立研究型大學(xué)，創(chuàng)立于1839年。練習(xí)：1.WhatistheresultoftheresearchattheUniversityofAGirlscomfortablewiththeirownmathskillsarebetterthanboysatmath.BGirlsuncomfortablewiththeirownmathskillsarenotasgoodasboysatmath.CFemaleteachers'mathskillshaveinfluenceovergirlstudents'mathskills.DFemaleteachers'confidenceintheirmathskillsisrelatedtogirl'smathskills.2.Whatisimpliedinthethirdparagraph?AMathteachers,likemathlearners,donotlikethesubjectduetoitsdifficulty.BAdifficultsubjectlikemathmayaffectteachers'confidenceinteachingthesubject.CTeachersaremoreanxiousteachingmaththantheirstudentslearningmath.DMathissodifficultthatnoteachersliketoteachit.3.Accordingtotheexperiment,thoseteacherswereprobablyanxiousaboutmathwhentheyfeltAnervousmemorizingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.Bhelplesssavingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.Cuneasyreadingthenumbersofasalesreceipt.Dhopelessfillinginthenumbersofasalesreport.4.ThesixthparagraphtellsusthattheresearchfindingsAproveastronglinkbetweenfemaleteachers'mathanxietyandtheirfemalestudents'mathachievements.Bshowthatmalestudentsarelesslikelytobeaffectedbytheirmathanxietythanfemalestudents.Cprovidestrongevidencethatmathsuperstarsaremorelikelytobemalesthanfemales.Ddiscoverastronglinkbetweenteachers'mathanxietyandtheirstudents'mathachievements.5.DavidGearythinksthatAthestudyisinterestingbutitisbasedonunreliableresearchprocess.Btheresearchresultsneedtoberetestedbasedonalargersample.Ctheresearchresultsneedtobereinterpretedtobemeaningful.Dthestudyiswellbasedandproducessignificantresults.答案與題解：1.D該段告訴我們女教師的想法〔whatfemaleteachersthink〕和女學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)〔whatfemalestudentslearn〕之間有很大的關(guān)聯(lián)度，也就是說，女教師如果對(duì)自己的數(shù)學(xué)技能沒有自信，她的女學(xué)生很可能相信男孩子會(huì)在數(shù)學(xué)方面超過女孩子。2.B第三段的大意是，數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)任何人來說都可能有難度〔Thesubjectofmathcanbeparticularlydifficultforeveryone)，如同學(xué)生，教師也會(huì)覺得數(shù)學(xué)難學(xué)和難教，這就是研究者所言的焦慮。所以，可以推斷，作者是要告訴我們，教師會(huì)因?yàn)閿?shù)學(xué)這門學(xué)科的難度而對(duì)教授該課程不自信。其他選項(xiàng)都不是該段所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。3.C第五段第三句“Tofindoutwhichteacherswereanxiousaboutmath,theresearchersaskedtheteachershowtheyfeltattimeswhentheycameacrossmath,suchaswhenreadingasalesreceipt〞指出了答案。memorizingthenumbers；意為“記住數(shù)字〞；savingthenumbers意為“保存數(shù)字〞；fillinginthenumbers意為“陸續(xù)編入數(shù)字〞，而且文中沒有提到asalesreport；它們均不是答案。4.A短文的第六段是對(duì)前一段所述調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果的討論，即，男學(xué)生較少受對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)有焦慮感的教師影響，而那些數(shù)學(xué)成績較低的女生都有對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)有焦慮感的教師〔girlswithmath-anxiousteachersscoredlowerontheend-of-the-yearmathtests)，而且，所有認(rèn)為男生數(shù)學(xué)肯定比女生強(qiáng)的女生，其數(shù)學(xué)教師都是有數(shù)學(xué)焦慮感的女教師〔allofthesegirlshadbeentaughtbyfemaleteacherswhohadmathanxiety.)。D所以不是正確的選擇，因?yàn)橹惶岬絫eachers和students,而不是femaleteachers和femalestudents。5.B根據(jù)DavidGeary的說法，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果還是初步的〔preliminary)，需要更大的樣本對(duì)其進(jìn)行重復(fù)驗(yàn)證〔inneedofreplicationwithalargersample)。他沒有認(rèn)為該實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程不可靠，所以A不是正確選項(xiàng)；他認(rèn)為實(shí)驗(yàn)樣本不夠大，所以D也不是正確選項(xiàng)。完形填空*第十一篇

ClimateChangePosesMajorRisksforUnpreparedCities

Anewexaminationofurbanpolicieshasbeen

1

recentlybyPatriciaRomeroLankao．Sheisasociologistspecializinginclimatechangeand

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development．Shewarnsthat

manyoftheworld’sfast-growingurbanareas，especiallyindevelopingcountries．willlikelysuffer

fromtheimpactsofchangingclimate．Herworkalsoconcludesthatmostcitiesarefailingto

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emissionsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhouse

4

．These

gasesareknown

toaffecttheatmosphere．〞Climatechangeisadeeplylocalissueandposesprofoundthreatstothegrowingcitiesoftheworld,〞saysRomeroLankao.〞Buttoofewcitiesaredevelopingeffectivestrategiesto

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theirresidents."

Citiesare

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sourcesofgreenhousegases．Andurbanpopulationsarelikelytobeamongthosemostseverelyaffectedbyfutureclimatechange.Lankao’sfindings

highlightwaysinwhichcity-residentsareparticularlyvulnerable,andsuggestpolicyinterventionsthatcouldofferimmediateandlonger-term

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．

Thelocationsanddenseconstructionpatternsofcitiesoftenplacetheirpopulationsatgreaterriskfornaturaldisasters.Potential

8

associatedwithclimateincludestormsurgesand

prolongedhotweather.Stormsurgescanfloodcoastalareasandprolongedhotweathercanheat

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pavedcitiesmorethansurroundingareas．Theimpactsofsuchnaturaleventscanbemoreseriousinanurbanenvironment．Forexample，aprolongedheatwavecanincreaseexisting

levelsofairpollution，causing

widespreadhealthproblems．Poorerneighborhoodsthat

may

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basicfacilitiessuchasdrinkingwateroradependablenetworkofroads，areespeciallyvulnerabletonaturaldisasters．Manyresidentsinpoorercountriesliveinsubstandardhousing

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accesstoreliabledrinkingwater，roadsandbasicservices.

Localgovernments,

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,shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheirresidents.〞Unfortunately，theytendtomovetowardsrhetoric

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meaningfulresponses,

RomeroLankaowrites,〞Theydon’timposeconstructionstandardsthatcouldreduceheatingandairconditioningneeds.Theydon'temphasizemasstransitandreduce

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use.Infact,manylocal

governments

aretaking

ahands—off

approach.〞Thus,sheurgesthemto

change

their

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policiesandtotakestrongstepstopreventtheharmfuleffectsofclimatechangeoncities.詞匯：vulnerable/'v?ln?r?bl/adj．易受傷害的infrastructure/'infr?,str?kt??/n．根底設(shè)施sociologist/,s?usi'?l?d?ist/n．社會(huì)學(xué)家substandard/,s?b'st?nd?d/adj．標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下的dioxide/dai'?ksaid/．二氧化物floodplain/'fl?dplein/n．泛濫平原注釋：1.likely：很可能，或許。在本句中用作副詞。2.belikelyto：很可能。likely在本句中是形容詞，用作表語。3.findings：調(diào)查結(jié)果4.stormsurges：風(fēng)暴潮5.pavedcities：鋪上瀝青路面的城市6.springup：涌現(xiàn)7.rhetoric...responses：修辭反響。這個(gè)詞的意思是：〔地方政府〕話講得很漂亮，但內(nèi)容空洞。8.ahands-offapproach：一種不插手的政策練習(xí)：

1．Acarryalong

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Bsmart

Cbusy

Dsecure答案與題解：1.C此題的答案是carriedout〔執(zhí)行；完成〕。“Anewexaminationofurbanpolicieshasbeencarriedout〞意思上配得上。carriedalong〔攜帶〕、carriedaway〔運(yùn)走〕和carriedback〔運(yùn)回〕與下文的意思搭配不上。2.D通篇文章討論的是氣候變化對(duì)城市的影響及其應(yīng)對(duì)措施，并沒有涉及economic〔經(jīng)濟(jì)的〕、industrial〔工業(yè)的〕和rural〔農(nóng)村的〕的話題。所以，這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不可能是答案，urban才是答案。3.A前面一句談到，開展中國家的飛速成長的城市備受氣候變化的折磨。本句緊接上一句的意思，大多數(shù)城市沒有做到減少二氧化碳的排放量。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，要選reduce。4.B減少的不僅是二氧化碳，還有g(shù)reenhousegases〔溫室氣體〕。gases是答案。5.C城市應(yīng)該采取有效的措施應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。采取措施的目的當(dāng)然是為了保護(hù)城市居民。可是Lankao發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣做的城市太少了。此題選protect最適宜。6.D前面說到大多數(shù)城市沒有做到減少或控制二氧化碳的排放量。這說明“Citiesaremajorsourcesofgreenhousegases〞〔城市是溫室氣體的主要來源〕，不會(huì)是doubtfulsources〔不能確定的來源〕,possiblesources〔可能的來源〕，更不會(huì)是repeatablesources〔不斷重復(fù)的來源〕。7.D城市居民最易受氣候變化的傷害，所以Lankao建議地方政府要進(jìn)行政策介入以降低居民因氣候變化受到的傷害，而這會(huì)帶來立即的和長期的益處。因此，uses、chances和cures可以排除。benefits〔益處〕才是答案。8.A由climatechange引發(fā)的stormsurges和prolongedhotweather給城市居民造成傷害。interests、functions和differences這三個(gè)詞與stormsurges和prolongedhotweather造成的傷害掛不上號(hào)，不會(huì)是答案。stormsurges和prolongedhotweather對(duì)城市居民會(huì)構(gòu)成威脅。因此threats才是答案。9.B為什么prolongedhotweather對(duì)城市居民造成的傷害超過對(duì)其周邊地區(qū)居民造成的傷害？因?yàn)槌鞘械缆肥谴罅夸佋O(shè)瀝青的道路。heavily是答案。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合上述意思。10.C貧窮社區(qū)更易受到傷害，句子給出有關(guān)根底設(shè)施的各個(gè)方面。貧窮社區(qū)的根底設(shè)施一定是不盡如人意的。所以要選lack。1LA貧窮國家許多人住在不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的房子里。下面提到reliablethinkingwater、roads和basicservices這些根底設(shè)施，從上下文判斷，貧窮居民不會(huì)享有這些根底設(shè)施。所以選without比較合理。12.B此題的答案是therefore。上文說的是氣候變化給城鎮(zhèn)居民帶來的種種問題。下文說的是地方政府應(yīng)該采取相應(yīng)的對(duì)策以保護(hù)城鎮(zhèn)居民。兩局部的表達(dá)是一種因果關(guān)系，所以要選therefore。13.Drhetoricresponses〔言辭反響，即用言語予以搪塞的反響〕和meaningfulresponses〔有意義的反響〕是兩種截然不同的反響。地方政府的反響是前者還是后者？隨后的句子，特別是ahands-offapproach，說明地方政府作出的是rhetoricresponses，而不是meaningfulresponses。所以此題要選ratherthan〔而不是〕。14.B句中的“…emphasizemasstransit〞提示，要減少的運(yùn)輸工具不會(huì)是群眾交通工具，因此選項(xiàng)中的train和bus便可排除。bike是人力驅(qū)動(dòng)，不會(huì)釋放二氧化碳，也可排除。答案是automobile。私人汽車排放大量的二氧化碳，是城市主要的污染源之一。15.A“..manylocalgovernmentsaretakingahands-offapproach〞中的ahands-offapproach提示，Lankao敦促地方政府改變的一定是他們無所作為〔idle)的政策。idle是正確的選擇。*第十二篇

FreeStatinsWithFastFoodCouldNeutralizeHeartRisk

Fastfoodoutletscouldprovidestatindrugsfreeof

1

sothatcustomerscanreducetheheartdiseasedangersoffattyfood,researchersatImperialCollegeLondon

2

in

anewstudy．

Statinsreducethe

3

ofunhealthy〞LDL〞cholesterolintheblood.Awealthoftrial

datahasproventhemtobehighlyeffectiveatloweringaperson’sheartattack

4

.Inapaperpublishedinthe

AmericanJournalofCardiology，DrDarrelFrancisandcolleaguescalculatethatthereductioninheartattackriskofferedbyastatinis

5

tooffsettheincreaseinheartattackriskfrom

6

a

cheeseburgeranddrinkingamilkshake．

DrFrancis，fromtheNationalHeartandLungInstituteatImperialCollegeLondon，whoistheseniorauthorofthestudy,said:〞Statinsdon’tcutouta11ofthe

7

effectsofcheeseburgersandFrenchfries．It’sbettertoavoidfattyfoodaltogether．Butwe’veworkedoutthatintermsofyour

8

ofhavingaheartattack.Takingastatincanreduceyourrisktomoreorlessthesame

9

asafastfoodmealincreasesit.〞

“It’sironicthatpeoplearefreetotakeasmanyunhealthvcondimentsinfastfoodoutletsas

they

10

,butstatins,whicharebeneficialtohearthealth,havetobeprescribed.Itmakes

sensetomakerisk-reducingstatinsavailablejustaseasilyastheunhealthycondimentsthatare

l1

freeofcharge．Itwouldcostlessthan5penceper

12

一notmuchdifferenttoasachetofsugar.〞DrFrancissaid．

Whenpeopleengageinriskybehaviourslikedrivingorsmoking,they’reencouragedtotake

13

thatlowertheirrisk,1ike

14

aseatbeltorchoosingcigaretteswithfilters.Takingastatinisarationalwayof

15

someoftherisksofeatingafattymeal．

詞匯：statin/'st?tIn!n．降膽固醇藥物outlet/'autlit/n．銷售點(diǎn)cholesterol/k?'lest?r?l/n．膽固醇o(jì)ffset/,?f'set/V.抵消，補(bǔ)償cheeseburger/'t?i:z,b?:ɡ?/n．芝士漢堡包milkshake!'milk?eik/n．奶昔condiment/'k?ndim?nt]!n．調(diào)味品sachet/'s?t?ei/ii．小袋，小包rational/'r???n?l/adj．合理的注釋：1.Fastfoodoutletscouldprovidestatindrugs:句中的could是一種委婉表達(dá)建議的用詞，意為“可以〞。2.ImperialCollegeLondon:帝國理工學(xué)院。該學(xué)院于1907年由城市和行會(huì)學(xué)校、皇家礦業(yè)學(xué)校以及皇家科學(xué)學(xué)院合并組成。學(xué)院于2024年7月正式脫離倫敦大學(xué)成為一所獨(dú)立大學(xué)。提供本科和研究生教育，共有四個(gè)學(xué)院，工程學(xué)院、醫(yī)學(xué)院、自然科學(xué)院和生命科學(xué)院3.LDLcholesterol:低密度脂蛋白膽固醇。LDL是lowdensitylipoprotein〔低密度脂蛋白〕的縮寫形式。4.awealthoftrialdata:大量的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。awealthof意為“大量的，許多〞。5.AmericanJournalofCardiology:美國心臟病學(xué)雜志6.Frenchfries:炸薯?xiàng)l7.Itmakessense...:makesense意為“說得通，合情合理〞。8.asachetofsugar:一小袋糖?？觳偷暌话銈溆写?，供飲咖啡或熱奶的顧客免費(fèi)取用。

練習(xí)：

1．Achange

Bcharge

CchainDchance

2．Atrust

Bdecide

C

suggestD

calculate

3．A

number

B

amount