高考英語閱讀理解五步法專項帶練(56)講義

①AwildAfricanbirdthatwillleadpeopletotreeswithhoneycomb（蜂巢）seemstosomehowlearnthedistinctwhistlesandcallsofthehumanforagers（覓食者）wholivenearthem.②Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees."That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Prettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.③Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.④Thismakesitclearthatthebirdshavelearnedwhattheirhumanneighborsdowhentheywanttopartnerupandgohoney-hunting."Thisisaverystrongresultwhichsupportstheideathatthere'salearningprocessinvolved,"saysWood.⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.【素材來源：廣東省汕頭市2024屆高三下學期第一次模擬考試英語試題】28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?A.Eye-catching.B.Care-free.C.Naughty.D.Attractive.29.Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?A.Theyareraisedbyhumans.B.Theyhelpcutopenthetreetrunk.C.Theyfeedonhoneyastheirannualdiet.D.Theycandistinguishdifferentwhistles.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?Acomplexdilemma.Anunfairtrade.Adouble-edgedsword.D.Awin-wincooperation.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Thefamiliarsignalintheforest.B.Atalentedexpertinhuntingthebees.C.Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.D.Thehuman-animalcommunicationinTanzania.【五步法精析】串聯(lián)題干Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?歸納主題詞：thebirds,honeygathering28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"conspicuous"inPara.2mean?第二段中劃線的“conspicuous”是什么意思?A.Eye-catching.引人注目的B.Care-free.無憂無慮的C.Naughty.頑皮的D.Attractive.吸引人的領域詞同義替換：special=eye-catching特別的=conspicuous②Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.這種鳥類比人類更了解蜜蜂在做什么。在坦桑尼亞，哈扎族的采集者可以用一種特殊的哨子來吸引這只鳥，然后這只鳥就會飛下來，帶他們?nèi)ゲ擅邸ithitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees."That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Prettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.29.Whatcanweknowaboutthebirds?關(guān)于鳥我們能知道些什么?A.Theyareraisedbyhumans.它們是由人類養(yǎng)大的。B.Theyhelpcutopenthetreetrunk.他們幫忙砍開樹干。C.Theyfeedonhoneyastheirannualdiet.它們每年以蜂蜜為食。D.Theycandistinguishdifferentwhistles.它們能分辨不同的哨聲。（具象化的同義替換）③Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.根據(jù)這項研究，當哈扎哨聲響起時，這些鳥出現(xiàn)的幾率為82%。但當研究人員吹響另一個國家傳統(tǒng)上使用的哨子時，它們出現(xiàn)的幾率只有24%。30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethehoneygathering?以下哪一項最能描述采蜜過程?A.Acomplexdilemma.復雜的困境B.Anunfairtrade.不公平的交易。C.Adouble-edgedsword.就好像雙刃劍D.Awin-wincooperation.一個雙贏的合作(近義詞的詞匯復現(xiàn)）⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.可以肯定的是，這種人類與動物之間的交流似乎對雙方都有好處，而且這種交流可能可以追溯到幾千年前。當蜂巢出來的時候，鳥兒就會得到一些它們喜歡吃的蜂蠟。人類采集者得到蜂蜜——這是哈扎人極其重要的食物WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?哪一個標題可以是合適的文本?A.Thefamiliarsignalintheforest.森林里熟悉的信號。B.Atalentedexpertinhuntingthebees.一個有天賦的捕蜂專家。C.Awonderfulguidetocollectinghoney.收集蜂蜜的精彩指南。D.Thehuman-animalcommunicationinTanzania.坦桑尼亞人與動物的交流。同義替換：collecthoney=getthehoney;enormouslyimportant=wonderful⑤Buthowdothebirdslearn?It'sstillunclear.Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.Andthehumanforagersgetthehoney-whichisanenormouslyimportantfoodfortheHadza.WoodhascalculatedthattheHadzagetabout10%ofthecaloriesintheirannualdietwiththehelpofthebirds.【逐句翻譯】第一段：AwildAfricanbirdthatwillleadpeopletotreeswithhoneycomb（蜂巢）seemstosomehowlearnthedistinctwhistlesandcallsofthehumanforagers（覓食者）wholivenearthem.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導定語從句修飾bird；who引導定語從句修飾foragers句意：一種將人類帶到有蜂巢的樹上的非洲野生鳥類(蜂巢)似乎不知何故學會了住在它們附近的人類覓食者(覓食者)獨特的口哨聲和叫聲。第二段：Thisbirdspecieshasfarmoreinformationaboutwhatthebeesaredoingthanhumansevercould.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：what引導賓語從句句意：這種鳥類比人類更了解蜜蜂在做什么。InTanzania,Hadzaforagerscanuseaspecialwhistletoattractthisbird,whichwillthenflydownandstartleadingthemtohoney.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：which引導定語從句修飾thisbird句意：在坦桑尼亞，哈扎族的采集者可以用一種特殊的哨子來吸引這只鳥，然后這只鳥就會飛下來，帶他們?nèi)ゲ擅?。Withitsnoisychatteringsound,thebirdisveryconspicuous.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：with引導獨立主格句意：這只鳥嘰嘰喳喳叫得很響，很引人注目?！境V詞匯解析】Conspicuousadj.顯眼的，引人注目的Ifeltveryconspicuousinmynewcar.坐在我的新車里，我感到十分惹人注目。Oncethebirdarrivesatatreewithhoneyinside,itwillrestnearthebeehivesilently,seeminglynottodisturbthebees.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：once引導時間狀語從句句意：一旦小鳥帶著蜂蜜飛到樹上，它就會在蜂巢附近安靜地休息，似乎不打擾蜜蜂。"That'sthesignaltotheHadzatoreallystartsearching,"saysBrianWood,ananthropologistatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.加州大學洛杉磯分校的人類學家布萊恩·伍德說:“這是給哈扎人真正開始尋找的信號?！盤rettysoon,theforagerswilllocatethehiveandcutopenthetreetrunk.很快，覓食蟻就會找到蜂巢，然后砍開樹干。【真題必考詞匯解析】Trunkn.樹干;象鼻;大箱子;軀干Thetrunkandlimbsweighed29,500kg.樹干和主枝重29,500公斤.第三段：Itisfoundthatthebirdsaremorelikelytoshowupwhenthefamiliarsignalusedbythelocalsisbeingbroadcast.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：itisfoundthat引導主語從句；when引導時間狀語從句句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當播放當?shù)厝耸煜さ男盘枙r，這些鳥更有可能出現(xiàn)?！菊骖}必考詞匯】belikelyto...可能Theywouldnotbelikelytoalightonthesurfaceofthesea.它們大概不會降落于海面上.showup顯而易見;到場;（使）看得見;羞辱Theorangetipshowsupwellagainstmostbackgrounds.橙色的尖端在大多數(shù)背景下都很醒目。Accordingtotheresearch,thebirdsappear82%ofthetimewhenHadzawhistlesarebeingplayed.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導時間狀語從句根據(jù)這項研究，當哈扎哨聲響起時，這些鳥出現(xiàn)的幾率為82%。Buttheyappearonly24%ofthetimewhentheresearchersplaythewhistlestraditionallyusedinadifferentcountry.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導時間狀語從句句意：但當研究人員吹響另一個國家傳統(tǒng)上使用的哨子時，它們出現(xiàn)的幾率只有24%。第四段：Thismakesitclearthatthebirdshavelearnedwhattheirhumanneighborsdowhentheywanttopartnerupandgohoney-hunting.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：that引導賓語從句；when引導時間狀語從句句意：這清楚地表明，鳥類已經(jīng)學會了它們的人類鄰居在想要結(jié)成伙伴去采蜜時所做的事情。"Thisisaverystrongresultwhichsupportstheideathatthere'salearningprocessinvolved,"saysWood.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：which引導定語從句修飾strongresult；that引導同位語從句修飾theidea句意：伍德說:“這是一個非常有力的結(jié)果，它支持了一個學習過程的觀點?！钡谖宥蜝uthowdothebirdslearn?但是鳥類是如何學習的呢?It'sstillunclear.目前還不清楚。Whatisclearisthatthishuman-animalcommunicationseemstobenefitbothparties,anditmaygobackmanythousandsofyears.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:whatisclearthat引導主語從句句意：可以肯定的是，這種人類與動物之間的交流似乎對雙方都有好處，而且這種交流可能可以追溯到幾千年前。Whenthehoneycombisout,thebirdsgetsomeofthebeeswax,whichtheylovetoeat.句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：when引導時間狀語從句；which引導定語從句修飾beeswax句意：當蜂巢出來的時候，鳥兒