牛津譯林版(2020)必修第二冊 Unit 1 Lights camera action!Grammar and usage 學(xué)案

Subject-verbAgreement主謂一致語法一致：主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)合不定代詞anybody,anyone,anything,someone,something,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everyone___________(be)here.Nobody____________(speak)outinhisdefense.All________(be)presentbesidestheprofessor.All________(be)goingonverywell.不定式或動(dòng)名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Havingtochangetrains________(be)asmallinconvenience.Tosayyouwereignorantoftherules_______(be)ajoke.manya,morethanone,each,either,neither做主語加單數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Manyastudent________(like)English.Morethanonestudent_______(have)failedtheexam。we/you/they/名詞復(fù)數(shù)+each作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

eachof+us/you/them/名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eachofthestudents______(have)anapple.Thestudentseach_______(have)anapple.

就近就遠(yuǎn)一致就近一致

以下這些連詞連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)與最靠近的主語保持一致。AorB,eitherAorB,neitherAnorB,notonlyAbutalsoB,notAbutB,therebe句型Neitherthesingersnorthehost_______(know)thenameofthenewcompetitoruntiltheshowstarts.就遠(yuǎn)一致

當(dāng)主語后面跟有以下這些短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與較遠(yuǎn)的主語保持一致。with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,ratherthan,but,except,besidesTomaswellastwoofhisfriends___________(invite)totheparty.Nobodybutthreestudents____(be)inthelaboratory.

意義一致：謂語動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)主語的意義來決定。形單意復(fù)用復(fù)數(shù)police,people,cattle等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。表示某國人的總稱的theChinese,theBritish,theIrish等做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the+形容詞表一類人的時(shí)候用復(fù)數(shù)Thepolice_____________(search)forthemurderernow.TheChinese_____(be)hard-working.Theyoung_________(represent)anewtrendofpopmusic.Theunknown________(be)alwaysmysterious.形復(fù)意單用單數(shù)一些國家、書、學(xué)科、疾病等名稱的名詞或短語做主語時(shí)，即使形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞sheep,deer,series,means,works,species等做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與實(shí)際意義一致。family,team,class,crowd,government,group,audience等集體名詞作主語時(shí):

如強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;

如果強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Mathematics_______(be)thelanguageofscience.GreatExpectations___________(write)byCharlesDickensin1860.TheUnitedStates________(be)oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworldnow.Theonlymeanstoachievesuccess_______toappealtoarms.Allmeans_________beentriedouttoincreaseagricultureproduction.Ateamwhich________(be)fullofhappinessislikelytowin.Thefootballteam________(be)havingbathsandthencomingbackfortea.

四、主謂一致的其他情況1.并列結(jié)構(gòu)做主語用and連接并列主語時(shí)正常用復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng)并列主語表示同一個(gè)人/物/概念，或表示不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)Steamandice_______(be)differentformsofwater.Thesingeranddancer______(be)toattendoureveningparty.Breadandbutter_____(be)whatAmericansusuallyhaveforbreakfast.由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語的前面分別有each、every、no、manya修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。Everymanandeverywoman______(have)agoodreasontobeproudoftheworkdonebytheirfathers.Manyateacherandmanyastudent______(have)seenthefilm.2.數(shù)詞與量詞作主語的主謂一致時(shí)間，重量，距離，價(jià)格，體積等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)看作整體,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式therestof/allof/mostof/partof/halfof/…percentof/onethirdof,etc.+名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后面的名詞表示的意義。glasses,trousers,shoes,scissors,gloves,compasses作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞常常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果前面用了pair,suit,set,series等修飾，那么謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由這些表示單位的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。anumberof+n.作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

thenumberof/theamountof+n.作主語，謂語用單數(shù)

largeamountof+n作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

largeamountsof+n作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

(large)quantitiesof后的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式

a(large)quantityof后的謂語動(dòng)詞取決于后面的名詞是否可數(shù)；90minutes____(be)notenoughforaudiencetoenjoytheirsinging.50dollars____(have)beenspentonthetickets.21%ofthemembers________(support)TerryLin,whichmakeshimrankfirst.Halfofthework______(have)notbeendone.Twopairsoftrousers_________(be)missing.Anumberofpeople______(dream)ofjoiningthecourtjury.Thenumberofthemembersofthejury______(be)500.Largeamountofgrain_______(have)beeneatenbybirds.Largeamountsofgrain_______(have)beeneatenbybirds.Alargequantityofbooks______(have)beensenttotheschool.特殊句式中的主謂一致定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與其先行詞保持一致Mydadhasgotacamerathat______(take)photosunderwater.Motherasksmetowatertheflowersthat______(grow)inthegarden.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分”中，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。ItisIwho_______(be)ateacher.Itistheboyswho________(be)responsiblefortheaccident.由what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時(shí)，通常謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，但如果所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whatweneed_______(be)money.Whatweneed___________(be)goodteachers.

及時(shí)檢測：Aseverybodyknows,politics______(be)nowtaughtinallschools.Kate,oneofmygoodfriends,______(come)fromGuangzhou.Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,______(be)plantingtreesinthepark.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_______(wish)foraholiday.Itistheparentsandtheirsonthat________(want)tobuythebicycle.Manyastudent________(have)beensenttoplanttrees.ToreadEnglishaloudeverymorning______(do)youalotofgood.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat______(suit)everyone.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers_________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,__________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.Theteacherandwriter__________(arrive),sopleasebequiet.Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand_______________(remain)aroundthatleveleversince.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_______(be)highlypraised,strengthenedDickens’statusasaleadingnovelist.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_________(pass)theexam.Thepolice________(be)lookingforthethief.Thenumberofpeopleinvited________(be)fifty,butanumberofthem________(be)absentfordifferentreasons.Onehundredkilometers________(be)notalongdistance.Themanageraswellassomeworkers________(be)workingduringtheholidays.MyseatmateJames,whoseparents1._______________(teach)EnglishinChangshafortenyears,2.________(come)fromtheUnitedStates,which3._____(be)oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparents4.________(enjoy)livinginChangsh