2023年高考全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)試題解析

2023年高考全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)試題解析

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

WheretoEatinBangkok

Bangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellof

diningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary（烹飪的）experiences.

It'stheonlyThairrestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50bestrestaurantslist.Head

ChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLoodon-basedThairestaurantofthe

samename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknownThaicheflanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkok

restaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombined

withmodemcookingmethods.

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinarysencesinceitopenedin2009.Serving

hard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yet

stillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwith

colleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants^^list,progressiveIndianrestaurant

Gagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues（場(chǎng)所）toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttable

inthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechef

Gagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.

1.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?

A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

C.Theyhavetop-classchefs.D.Theyarebasedinhotels.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?

A.IthiresstafffromIndia.B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.D.Itshowsthecookingprocessto

guests.

【答案】1.C2.B3.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一些關(guān)于從哪里開(kāi)始你的曼谷美食之旅的建議。

【1解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Nahm下的段落中“HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceiveda

MichelinstarforhisLoodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchinthe

MetropolitanHotelin2010.（主廚大衛(wèi)?湯普森（DavidThompson）在倫敦的同名泰國(guó)餐廳獲得

了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都會(huì)酒店開(kāi)設(shè)了這家分店）”以及小標(biāo)題IssaysStameseClub

下的段落中aIssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknowThaichefIanKittichai'sfirstflagship

Bangkokrestaurant.（IssayaSiameseClub是國(guó)際知名的泰國(guó)廚師lanKittichai的第一家曼谷旗

艦餐廳）”可知，Nahm和IssayaSiameseClub的共同之處是他們都有一流的廚師。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Bo.tan下的段落中“Forthoseextremelyhungrythere9salargeset

menu.（對(duì)于那些極度饑餓的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這里有一份很大的套餐）”可知，Bo.tan提供大型套餐。

故選B項(xiàng)。

【3解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Gaggan下的段落中“Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThai

homeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffin

action.（在這座兩層殖民時(shí)期的泰國(guó)住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往廚房的窗戶(hù)，在那里你

可以看到Gaggan廚師和他的員工在工作）”可知，Gaggan的特別之處是它向客人展示了烹飪

過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。

B

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY（do-it-yourself）.Skilledatputtingupshelves

andpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,

Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewarded

with￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays:"I'msureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingthe

roomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreaking

work,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.^^

Terri,whonowrentsabhousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalso

savesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy（租期）comestoanend.Sheadds:'Tvemoved

housemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So,it'sbeenuseful

toknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenFvemovedout.”

WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearch

showsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdays

togetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimto

improvetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.Though

DIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthe

charge.

4.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand^^inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner,C.Aspecialist.D.A

pioneer.

5.WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?

A.Forabirthdaygift.B.Asatreatforherwork.

C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.

6.HowdidTeniavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?

A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurmishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.

7.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?

A.Itisbecomingmorecostly.B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.

C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry,D.Itisgainingpopularityamong

females.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了一位DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能以及DIY

項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)在女性群體中變成一種潮流趨勢(shì)。

【4解析】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogether

furniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.（她擅長(zhǎng)擺架子和拼接家具，

從不付錢(qián)給別人做她自己能做的工作）”可推知，此處指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C

項(xiàng)“A叩ecialist（一位專(zhuān)業(yè)人員）”最接近畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)“adabhand”的意思。故選C。

【5解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerek

Lloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.

Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.（她將這些技能歸功于她已故的祖父兼建

筑商DerekLloyd。從六歲起，現(xiàn)年26歲的Terri就在學(xué)校放假期間陪Derek去上班。一天

的工作得到了5英鎊零花錢(qián)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）”以及uIttookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butI

knowhewasproudofmyskills.（這花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間，是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，但我知道他為

我的技能感到驕傲）”可推知，Terri的祖父每天給她5英鎊是作為對(duì)她的工作的鼓勵(lì)。故選

Bo

【6解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"So,ifsbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepainta

roomtoavoidanychargeswhenFvemovedout.（所以，當(dāng)我搬出去時(shí)，知道如何掩蓋漏洞并

重新粉刷房間以避免任何費(fèi)用是很有用的）”可推知，Terri是通過(guò)粉飾房間，讓它看起來(lái)像

以前一樣，來(lái)避免被扣除租房的押金的。故選A。

【7解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge（研究

表明，現(xiàn)在是女性主導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)）”可知，研究表明，DIY將在女性中越來(lái)越受歡迎。故

選D。

C

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder'sSophiesWorld.Itwasfull

ofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketo

meandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）.

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophy

fasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou一

andthentrytoexplainthem.

Ericweiner'sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophers

reawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkand

experiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseach

philosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisa

readinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhave

noregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabookabour

learningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofour

experiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthe

mostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessby

decoding（解讀）theirmssagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityand

graduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:

Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehis

offer.It5sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon'thavealotof.

8.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

9.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?

A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeinersbook.

10.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.

C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeinersbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward.

【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者在13歲時(shí)開(kāi)始喜歡哲學(xué)，隨后Weiner的書(shū)TheSocrales

Express喚起了作者對(duì)哲學(xué)的熱愛(ài)。文章通過(guò)介紹了TheSocratesExpress這本書(shū)，倡導(dǎo)讀者

花時(shí)間去讀這本書(shū)。

【8解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段“Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder's

Sophie'sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadin

andoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）.（我13歲的

時(shí)候，一個(gè)叔叔給了我一本JosteinGaarder的《Sophie的世界》。書(shū)里面的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都

很新奇，所以我整個(gè)夏天都在鉆研那本書(shū)。它對(duì)我說(shuō)話(huà)，把我?guī)胍粋€(gè)哲學(xué)的世界。）”可

知，JosteinGaarder為作者打開(kāi)了通往哲學(xué)的大門(mén)。故選C。

【9解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencities

andthenframeseachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdo

better.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listen

likeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.（Weiner在每一章的開(kāi)頭都描述了一個(gè)城

市之間火車(chē)旅行的場(chǎng)景，然后將每一位哲學(xué)家的著作框定在一個(gè)他們能夠幫助我們做得更好

的事情上。最終的結(jié)果是，我們學(xué)會(huì)了像蘇格拉底一樣思考，像梭羅一樣看，像叔本華一樣

聽(tīng)，像尼采一樣沒(méi)有遺憾。）”可知，作者在第四段開(kāi)頭描寫(xiě)了Weiner書(shū)的內(nèi)容，接著作者

通過(guò)列舉了幾位偉大的哲學(xué)家來(lái)描寫(xiě)讀完這本書(shū)后我們能從中學(xué)到的東西，由此可推知，作

者列舉了幾位偉大的哲學(xué)家是為了幫助讀者理解Weiners的書(shū)。故選D。

（10解析］

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabook

abourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.（這不僅僅是一本關(guān)于理解哲學(xué)的書(shū)，更是一

本關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用哲學(xué)來(lái)改善生活的書(shū)。）”可知，作者喜歡TheSocratesExpress這本書(shū)，是

因?yàn)樗乃枷肟梢詰?yīng)用到日常生活中。故選B。

（11解析］

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Hemakesphilosopicalthoughtanappealingexercisethat

improvesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.（他使哲學(xué)，思、想成為

一種有吸引力的練習(xí)，可以提高我們經(jīng)驗(yàn)的質(zhì)量，而且他在做這件事的時(shí)候充滿(mǎn)了幽默

感。）”可知，Weiners的書(shū)很幽默，根據(jù)最后一段中uTheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbook

thatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtson

desire,loneliness,andaging.（TheSocratesExpress是一本有趣而尖銳的書(shū)，它以其表面上的簡(jiǎn)

單吸引著讀者，并逐漸將他們拉進(jìn)對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的深層思考中。）”可知，Weiners的

書(shū)簡(jiǎn)單易懂，由此可知，Weiners的書(shū)既幽默又簡(jiǎn)單易懂。故選D。

D

Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflicted

corneroftheAmericanpsyche-werevere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.Ask

thetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopeto

see,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.

“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrangeJsaysbearbiologistChris

Servhcen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacentury

ormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumber

of50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruel

andcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformer

rangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhasbeenso

successfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,which

wouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturneddueto

lawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.

Obviously,ifprecautions（預(yù)防）aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimes

killingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodand

attractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Putting

electricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveat

gettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpass

throughwithoutlearningbadhabits,“saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsin

andaroundMissoula.

12.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?

A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.

B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.

D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.

13.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?

A.TheEuropeansettlers?behavior.

B.Theexpansionofbears?range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.

D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.

14.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromdelistinggrizzlies?

A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.

B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.

DThelocalfanners9advocates.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.

【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文，講述了美國(guó)灰熊從瀕危物種恢復(fù)到2000多頭，但也帶來(lái)了一些問(wèn)

題。

【12解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover

400kg,occupyaconflictedcomeroftheAmericanpsyche-wereverethemevenastheygiveus

frighteningdreams.（灰熊可以長(zhǎng)到2.5米長(zhǎng)，體重超過(guò)400公斤，在美國(guó)人的心理中占據(jù)著

一個(gè)矛盾的角落一一即使它們給我們帶來(lái)可怕的夢(mèng)，我們也敬畏它們）”可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)灰

熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他們的情感是混合的。故選A項(xiàng)。

33解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpecies

Act.（1975年，灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》）”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormore

grizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlife

Servicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallow

themtobehunted”如今，美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于

美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允

許它們被獵殺）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保護(hù)，灰熊的數(shù)量有了增長(zhǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.

TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattempted

todelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Bothefforts

wereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.（如

今，美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物

管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺。由于

環(huán)保組織的訴訟，這兩項(xiàng)努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名單上）”可知，是環(huán)保組織的

的反對(duì)阻止了美國(guó)魚(yú)類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物管理局將灰熊從瀕危物種名單上除名。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Obviously,ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecome

troublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeople

removefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassby

withouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersis

alsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplace

wherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,“saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologist

whomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.（顯然，如果不采取預(yù)防措施，灰熊會(huì)變得很麻煩，

有時(shí)會(huì)殺死農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露

營(yíng)地移走，灰熊通常會(huì)安然通過(guò)。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物生活區(qū)周?chē)O(shè)置電動(dòng)圍欄也能有效

地趕走灰熊?！拔覀兿Ｍ幸粋€(gè)干凈，沒(méi)有誘餌的地方，熊可以通過(guò)，而不會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，”

詹姆斯?瓊克爾說(shuō)，他是一位長(zhǎng)期管理米蘇拉及其周?chē)艿纳飳W(xué)家）”可推知，灰熊數(shù)量

增長(zhǎng)，雖然會(huì)帶來(lái)一些麻煩，但是如果采取一些預(yù)防措施，人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B

項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩

項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

TricksToBecomingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhavein

common?There'soneanswer.16.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.

However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereare

severaltricks.

?Practicegratitude（感激）

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandeven

moreoptimistic.17.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,saidYeLi,researcher

attheUniversityofCalifornia.

?Makeyourselfwait

Instantgratification（滿(mǎn)足）mayseemlikethemost"feelgood“optionatthetime,but

psychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andthe

onlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.18.Putoffwatchingyour

favoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'Hsoonfind

thatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.

?19.

Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortabelistheonlystatewewilltolerate,and

whenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthe

circumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,"20You'llthengraduallybecomemore

patient.

A.Findyourcauses

B.Startwithsmalltasks

C.Accepttheuncomfortable

D.Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry

E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience

F.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable

G.They5reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience

【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法。

【16解析】

根據(jù)上文"Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartall

haveincommon?There'soneanswer.（這里有一個(gè)謎語(yǔ)：交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期開(kāi)始有

什么共同之處？答案只有一個(gè)）”可知，本句說(shuō)明上文謎語(yǔ)答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)

隊(duì)和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項(xiàng)”在這些情況下，我們都需要一點(diǎn)額

外的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【17解析】

根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressed

211（1?丫611010但叩6疝$1匕.（感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂(lè)，壓力更小，甚至

更樂(lè)觀）”以及后文”"Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,saidYeLi,researcheratthe

UniversityofCalifornia.（加州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗說(shuō)：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能

力?！埃笨芍衔奶岬搅烁卸鞯闹T多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明感恩的好處：它還可以幫

助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們

練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【18解析】

根據(jù)上文"Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.（我們養(yǎng)成等待

習(xí)慣的唯一方法就是練習(xí)）"以及后文"Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekend

orwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.（把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者

多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕）”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說(shuō)明要從小事開(kāi)始練習(xí)

等待，故B選項(xiàng)“從小任務(wù)開(kāi)始”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【19解析】

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewill

tolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthe

circumstances.（我們中的許多人都認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之

外的事情時(shí)，我們會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境失去耐心）”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，

結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)中uncomfortable

對(duì)應(yīng)后文comfortable。故C選項(xiàng)“接受不舒服”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【20解析】

根據(jù)上文"Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself（你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō)）“以及后文"You'll

thengraduallybecomemorepatient.（然后你會(huì)逐漸變得更有耐心）”結(jié)合本段主要說(shuō)明的是不

舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對(duì)自己所說(shuō)的話(huà)與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項(xiàng)“這僅僅是不舒服,

而不是無(wú)法忍受"符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入

空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirst

timewe21there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike22itswaydownthe

hilltowardus.Itwas23calledMario,comingto24usaboxcontainingsome

tormatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasaverynice25forhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedat

thetomatoes,wewere26becausetheyweresomisshapen:notatalllikethenice,round,

27thingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy,inafunnyoldbottlewithno

label（標(biāo)簽）onit.Thesecan'tbeany28,wethought.Butwewere29hiskindness,

sowe30them.

Whatwediscoveredisthatit's31tojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits32.Those

tomatoeshad33thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.

Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes34perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody'sgoingtohavea

35memoryofthose.It'sasurprisetheyhaven'tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothatthey

can36themeasily.Mario'swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle,butit

was37

Ifsgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey're38、andascloseaspossibleto

wheretheywere39.WhatMariohad40uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.

21.A.waitedB.metC.campedD.stayed

22.A.makingB.searchingC.squeezingD.feeling

23.A.customerB.neighborC.relativeD.

passenger

24.A.lendB.sendC.bringD.show

25.A.choiceB.commentC.promiseD.gesture

26.A.worriedB.movedC.thrilledD.bored

27.A.simpleB.realC.shinyD.fun

28.A.moreB.goodC.newD.easy

29.A.sympathetictoB.thankfulforC.cautiousaboutD.

interestedin

30.A.triedB.soldC.returnedD.mixed

31.A.unnecessaryB.uncertainC.unwiseD.unusual

32.A.appearanceB.qualityC.originD.price

33.A.sizeB.shapeC.colorD.taste

34.A.smellB.lookC.becomeD.work

35A.happyB.vividC.shortD.vague

36.A.cleanB.checkC.countD.pack

37.A.perfectB.usefulC.convenientD.familiar

38.A.onviewB.onsaleC.inseasonD.inneed

39.A.finishedB.storedC.foundD.grown

40.A.cookedB.givenC.boughtD.told

【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.B

30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A36.D37.A38.C39.

D40.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。講述了作者的鄰居馬里奧給作者一家送了一個(gè)盒子，盒子里是自己

種的西紅柿和釀的酒，剛開(kāi)始作者一家因?yàn)槲骷t柿畸形的外表，和酒的渾濁感到不是很好，

但是嘗試過(guò)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)比超市的好，讓作者明白僅僅以外表來(lái)判斷食物是否好吃是不明智的。

[21解析]

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們第一次住在那里的時(shí)候，我們聽(tīng)到了一輛摩托車(chē)從山上向我

們開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)的嘎吱嘎吱的聲音。A.waited等待；B.met遇見(jiàn);C.camped露營(yíng)；D.stayed暫住。

根據(jù)前文“Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoevery

summer.”可知，作者在當(dāng)?shù)刭I(mǎi)了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故選D項(xiàng)。

【22解析】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們第一次住在那里的時(shí)候，我們聽(tīng)到了一輛摩托車(chē)從山上向我

們開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)的嘎吱嘎吱的聲音。A.making使；讓;B.searching搜索;C.squeezing擠壓;D.feeling

感覺(jué)。根據(jù)后文<lcominglo4usaboxcontainingsometormatoesandabottleof

wine.”可知，摩托車(chē)是開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)給我們送東西的，所以makeone'sway復(fù)合語(yǔ)境，為固定搭

配，意為“前往”。故選A項(xiàng)。

（23解析】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是鄰居馬里奧，他給我們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)盒子，里面裝著一些西紅

柿和一瓶酒。A.customer顧客；B.neighbor鄰居；C.relative親戚；D.passenger乘客。根據(jù)

前文“weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike2itswaydownthehilltoward

us.”以及最后一句"WhatMariohad20uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana”可知，

馬里奧是從山上下來(lái)的，送來(lái)了當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄铮赏茰y(cè)是作者的鄰居。故選B項(xiàng)。

【24解析】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那是鄰居馬里奧，他給我們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)盒子，里面裝著一些西紅

柿和一瓶酒。A.lend借出;B.send發(fā)送：C.bring帶來(lái);D.show展示。根據(jù)后文“Itwasa

verynice5forhimtomake.n可知，馬里奧很友好，所以是給作者一家?guī)?lái)一

個(gè)盒子。故選C項(xiàng)。

[25解析]

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他這么做真是太好了。A.choice選擇；B.comment議論；C.promise

諾言；D.gesture姿態(tài)。根據(jù)前文"comingto4usaboxcontainingsome

tormatoesandabottleofwine.w可知，馬里奧給作者一家?guī)?lái)一盒子的西紅柿和酒，所以是

好的姿態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【26解析】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我們看著那些西紅柿?xí)r，我們是擔(dān)心的，因?yàn)樗鼈兪路浅?/p>

畸形的：一點(diǎn)也不像你在超市里買(mǎi)到的那種漂亮的、圓的、閃亮的東西。A.worried擔(dān)心的；

B.moved感動(dòng)的；C.thrilled興奮的；D.bored.感到厭倦的。根據(jù)后文ubecausetheywereso

misshapen”可知，西紅柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很擔(dān)心是否能吃。故選A項(xiàng)。

【27解析】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我們看著那些西紅柿?xí)r，我們是擔(dān)心的，因?yàn)樗鼈兪欠浅?/p>

畸形的：一點(diǎn)也不像你在超市里買(mǎi)到的那種漂亮的、圓的、閃亮的東西。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；

B.real真實(shí)的；C.shiny閃亮的;D.fun有趣的。根據(jù)前文“notat