北京市小學英語重點單詞和語法

北京市小學英語重點單詞和語法1.重點單詞:

1.1.名詞(Nouns):

-Beijing(北京):ThecapitalcityofChina.

-school(學校):Aninstitutionwherestudentsgotoreceiveeducation.

-student(學生):Apersonwhoattendsschoolorcollege.

-teacher(老師):Apersonwhoteachesinaschoolorcollege.

-book(書):Awrittenorprintedworkconsistingofpagesgluedorsewntogetheralongonesideandboundincovers.

-pencil(鉛筆):Athincylindricalinstrumentusedforwritingordrawing,consistingofanarrowrodencasedinwood.

-desk(桌子):Apieceoffurniturewithaflatorslopingsurfaceandtypicallywithdrawers,atwhichonecanread,write,ordootherwork.

-chair(椅子):Aseparateseatforoneperson,typicallywithabackandfourlegs.

-blackboard(黑板):Alargeflatsurface,typicallyofdarkslateorpaintedwood,usedforwritingordrawingonwithchalk.

-computer(計算機):Anelectronicdevicethatcanstore,retrieve,andprocessdata.

-keyboard(鍵盤):Anarrangementoftypewriterkeysorasimilarsetofkeysonacomputerorotherelectronicdeviceforinputtingtext,numbers,orcommands.-mouse(鼠標):Asmalldevicethatismovedacrossaflatsurfacetocontrolthemovementofapointeronacomputerscreen.-classroom(教室):Aroominwhichaclassofpupilsorstudentsistaught.-library(圖書館):Abuildingorroomcontainingcollectionsofbooks,periodicalsandsometimesfilmsandrecordedmusicforuseorborrowingbythepublicorthemembersofaninstitution.-homework(家庭作業(yè)):Tasksorexercisessetbyateacherforastudenttodointheirowntime.-examination(考試):Anofficialtestofknowledge,skill,orability,typicallytakenbystudentsaspartofaneducationalcourse.-certificate(證書):Adocumentissuedbyaneducationalinstitution,employer,orotherorganizationtoattestthatapersonhasachievedacertainlevelofknowledge,skill,orqualification.-diploma(文憑):Acertificateortitleawardedbyauniversity,college,orothereducationalinstitutionasaqualificationoramarkofachievement.-playground(操場):Anareawherechildrencanplay,usuallyoutsideaschoolorhome.-sport(運動):Physicalactivitythatisenjoyableandinvolvescompetitionormovement,suchasrunning,swimming,orplayingagame.-team(團隊):Agroupofpeopleworkingtogethertowardsacommongoalorobjective.

1.2.動詞(Verbs):

-study(學習):Toacquireknowledge,asbyreading,investigation,orreflection.

-learn(學習):Togainoracquireknowledgeoforskillin(something)throughstudy,experience,orbeingtaught.

-teach(教):Toimpartknowledgeorskilltosomeonethroughinstructionorexample.

-read(閱讀):Tolookatandcomprehendthemeaningof(writtenorprintedmatter)bymentallyinterpretingthecharactersorsymbolsofwhichitiscomposed.

-write(寫):Tomark(letters,words,orothersymbols)onasurface,typicallypaper,withapen,pencil,orsimilarimplement.

-draw(畫):Toproduce(apictureordiagram)bymakinglinesandmarks,especiallywithapenorpencil,onpaper.

-listen(聽):Togiveone'sattentiontoasound.

-speak(說話):Toutterwordsorarticulatesoundswiththeordinaryvoice.

-sit(坐):Torestwiththebodysupportedbythebuttocksorthighs;beseated.

-stand(站立):Tobeinanuprightpositiononthefeet.

-jump(跳):Tomoveorleapintotheairwithasuddenupwardmovementofthebody.-run(跑):Tomoveatafastpace,typicallybymovingthelegsalternatelyofftheground.-walk(走):Tomoveonfootataregularpace,especiallyacrosscountryoracrosstown.-swim(游泳):Tomovethroughwaterpropellingoneselfwiththearmsandlegs.-play(玩):Toengageinactivityforenjoymentandrecreationratherthanaseriousorpracticalpurpose.-laugh(笑):Toexpressthefeelingofpleasureorsatisfactionbyanaudiblesoundconsistingofaseriesofshort,sharpbreaths.-cry(哭):Toexpressastrongfeeling,suchaspain,sorrow,oranger,bysheddingtearsandoftenbysobbing.-eat(吃):Totakesolidfoodintothemouthandchewit.-sleep(睡覺):Tospendaperiodoftimeinastateofunconsciousness,typicallyforperiodsofsixtoeighthoursperday,duringwhichthebodyandbrainrejuvenate.-dream(夢):Toexperienceasuccessionofimages,ideas,emotions,andsensationsduringsleep.-hope(希望):Todesirewiththeexpectationofobtainingsomethingorofachievingacertaingoal.-believe(相信):Tohaveafirmconvictionoracceptanceofthetruthorexistenceofsomething.-think(想):Tohaveorformanideaoropinionaboutsomething.

1.3.形容詞(Adjectives):

-big(大):Ofconsiderablesize,extent,orintensity.

-small(小):Ofasizethatislessthannormalorusual.

-happy(高興):Feelingorshowingpleasureorcontentment.

-sad(傷心):Feelingorshowingsorrow;unhappy.

-beautiful(美麗):Pleasingthesensesormindaesthetically.

-ugly(丑陋):Unpleasantorrepulsive,especiallyinappearance.

-smart(聰明):Havingorshowingquickintelligenceorreadymentalcapability.

-kind(善良):Havingorshowingafriendly,generous,andconsideratenature.

-hardworking(努力工作):Tendingtoworkwithenergyandcommitment;diligent.

-funny(有趣的):Causinglaughteroramusement.-brave(勇敢):Notdeterredbydangerorpain;bold.-lazy(懶惰):Unwillingtoworkoruseenergy.-helpful(樂于助人):Willingtogiveassistanceorsupport.-friendly(友好):Showingwarmthandpolitenesstowardsothers.-mean(刻薄的):Unkindandwillingtoharmothersforpersonalgain.-healthy(健康):Ingoodphysicalcondition;freefromdisease.-unhealthy(不健康的):Lackinginhealth,strength,orvitality.-rich(富有的):Havingagreatdealofmoneyorproperty.-poor(貧窮的):Lackingsufficientmoneyorpossessionstoliveatacomfortablelevel.-famous(著名的):Knownbymanypeopleforsomethingnotable.-ordinary(普通的):Lackinganyspecialordistinctivefeatures;usual.

2.語法:

2.1.名詞(Nouns):

-單數(shù)名詞(Singularnouns):Referstoonlyoneperson,animal,thing,place,oridea.Forexample:book(書),school(學校),teacher(老師).

-復數(shù)名詞(Pluralnouns):Referstomorethanoneperson,animal,thing,place,oridea.Forexample:books(書籍),schools(學校),teachers(老師們).

-不可數(shù)名詞(Uncountablenouns):Referstosubstances,concepts,orqualitiesthatcannotbeseparatedintoindividualunits.Forexample:water(水),knowledge(知識),information(信息).

-名詞的所有格(Possessivenouns):Indicatesownershiporpossession.Itisformedbyaddinganapostrophe('s)totheendofasingularnounorafterthepluralformifitalreadyendswithan"s".Forexample:John'sbook(約翰的書),thestudents'desks(學生們的桌子).

-形容詞(Adjectives):Wordsthatdescribeormodifyanounorpronoun,givingmoreinformationaboutitsquality,quantity,orstate.Forexample:happy(快樂的),tall(高的),young(年輕的).-副詞(Adverbs):Wordsthatmodifyaverb,anadjective,oranotheradverb,providingadditionalinformationaboutmanner,place,time,ordegree.Forexample:gently(溫柔地),somewhere(在某處),always(總是).-動詞(Verbs):Wordsthatexpressaction,state,orexperience.Theyshowwhatthesubjectofasentenceisdoingorbeing.Forexample:walk(走),read(讀),think(思考).-助動詞(Auxiliaryverbs):Wordsthathelpmainverbstoshowtense,aspect,ormood.Forexample:be(是),have(有),do(做).-介詞(Prepositions):Wordsthatshowtherelationshipbetweenanounorpronounandotherwordsinasentence.Forexample:in(在...里面),on(在...上面),under(在...下面).-連詞(Conjunctions):Wordsthatjoinwords,phrases,orclausestogetherandshowtherelationshipbetweenthem.Forexample:and(和),but(但是),or(或者).-代詞(Pronouns):Wordsthatareusedinplaceofanounornounphrasetoavoidrepetition.Forexample:she(她),they(他們),it(它).-問句詞(Interrogativewords):Wordsusedtoformquestions.Forexample:who(誰),what(什么),where(哪里).-感嘆詞(Exclamatorywords):Wordsusedtoexpressstrongfeelingsorsuddenmovements.Forexample:oh(哦),wow(哇),alas(哎呀).

2.2.動詞(Verbs):

-系動詞(Linkingverbs):Connectsthesubjectofasentencewithawordorphrasethatdescribesoridentifiesthesubject.Commonlinkingverbsinclude:be(is,am,are),appear(出現(xiàn)),become(變?yōu)?,feel(感覺),look(看起來),seem(似乎),taste(嘗起來),andsmell(聞起來).Forexample:Sheisateacher.(她是一位教師)

-一般現(xiàn)在時(Simplepresenttense):Usedtodescribeactionsorstatesofbeingthatregularly,repeatedly,oralwaysoccur.Itisformedbyusingthebaseformoftheverb.Forexample:IstudyEnglisheveryday.(我每天學習英語)

-一般過去時(Simplepasttense):Usedtodescribecompletedactionsorstatesofbeinginthepast.Itiscommonlyformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseformofregularverbs,orbyusingirregularverbforms.Forexample:HevisitedBeijinglastyear.(他去年訪問了北京)

-一般將來時(Simplefuturetense):Usedtodescribeactionsorstatesofbeingthatwillhappeninthefuture.Itiscommonlyformedbyu